晚期肺腺癌EGFR基因突变状态检测及分析

目的分析晚期肺腺癌表皮生长因子受体（epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR）基因突变率及其与临床特征的相关性。方法收集2010-09-07-2011-07-21首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院收治的晚期初治肺腺癌患者102例,有可供检测的肿瘤组织标本。利用扩增受阻突变系统（amplification refractory mutation system,ARMS）进行EGFR基因突变检测,统计分析EGFR基因突变状态和临床特征的相关性。结果 102例晚期肺腺癌组织中,共检测到EGFR基因突变55例（53.9%）,其中18外显子突变1例（1.0%）,19外显子突变25例（24.5%）,20外显子突变2例（2.0%）,21外显子突变26例（25.5%）,同时存在19和20外显子突变1例（1.0%）。Ⅳ期患者EGFR基因突变率为57.6%（53/92）,高于ⅢB期患者20.0%（1/10）,差异有统计学意义,P=0.041;女性患者EGFR基因突变率56.9%（33/58）高于男性患者的50.0%（22/44）,不吸烟患者EGFR基因突变率58.1%（36/62）高于吸烟患者的36.0%（9/25）,〈65岁患者EGFR基因突变率56.8%（42/74）高于≥65岁患者的46.4%（13/28）,但差异均无统计学意义,P〉0.05。不同取材部位及取材方法之间EGFR基因突变率差异无统计学意义,P〉0.05。结论晚期肺腺癌EGFR基因突变率以Ⅳ期、女性和不吸烟患者较高,但性别及吸烟状态之间的差异无统计学意义。不同的肿瘤活检部位及活检方法之间EGFR基因突变率并无差异。     

鄂尔多斯地区晚期肺腺癌患者EGFR敏感基因突变状态与一般临床特征的关系

目的:分析鄂尔多斯市中心医院晚期肺腺癌患者表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)突变状态与一般临床特征的关系。方法:分析自2012年6月开始收治的Ⅲb-Ⅳ期肺腺癌患者接受EGFR 19、21外显子突变情况与患者一般临床特征、转移部位、治疗情况的关系。结果:选取123例晚期肺腺癌患者纳入分析,46.34%（57/123）的晚期肺腺癌患者接受了EGFR 19、21外显子检测, EGFR基因突变率为49.12%（28/57）,其中19外显子突变率为39.29%（11/28）,21外显子突变率为46.43%（13/28）,19、21外显子同时突变率为14.29%（4/28）。EGFR基因突变状态在患者性别、年龄、吸烟状态、分期、体力评分和转移部位间比较未见显著性差异,19或21外显子突变在患者性别、年龄、吸烟状态、分期、体力评分和转移部位间比较未见显著性差异,根据EGFR基因突变状态选择一线治疗模有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论:鄂尔多斯地区晚期肺腺癌接受EGFR敏感基因检测率为46.34%,突变率为49.12%,突变状态在一般临床特征和转移部位间未见显著性差异,根据EGFR基因突变状态患者选择一线治疗方式差异有显著意义。     

肺腺癌患者表皮生长因子受体基因突变与肿瘤标志物关系研究

目的  探讨肺腺癌患者表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）基因突变与血清肿瘤标志物之间的关系。 方法  选择2015年1月至2017年12月,中国医科大学附属第四医院胸外科肺腺癌患者资料97例。采用化学发光免疫法检测患者血清各肿瘤标志物水平,并对检测结果进行统计学分析。 结果  女性患者EGFR基因突变率高于男性患者,非吸烟患者高于吸烟患者,差异有统计学意义（均P＜0001）。而年龄、肿瘤分期对EGFR基因突变率无影响,差异无统计学意义（P＞005）。血清癌胚抗原（CEA）水平异常组EGFR基因突变率高于正常组,差异有统计学意义（P＜005）;当50 μg／L＜CEA＜100 μg／L时,EGFR基因突变率最高（77％）。血清细胞角蛋白19片段（CYFRA21 1）浓度,正常组患者EGFR基因突变发生率高于异常组,差异有统计学意义（P＜005）,而神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、CA125、CA153和CA19 9正常组与对应的异常组EGFR基因突变率差异无统计学意义（P＞005）。ROC曲线显示,血清CEA、CYFRA21 1水平预测EGFR基因突变的曲线下面积分别为0740、0609。 结论  肺腺癌患者女性、非吸烟患者更容易发生EGFR基因突变,血清肿瘤标志物CEA 、CYFRA21 1水平对预测EGFR基因突变有一定价值。     

肺腺癌EGFR突变及与TTF-1、CK7、NapsinA蛋白表达的关系

摘 要：［目的］ 探讨新分类肺腺癌中EGFR突变情况与TTF-1、CK7、NapsinA表达的关系及临床意义。［方法］ 收集南京市胸科医院2013~2015年外科手术切除标本307例,根据2011年IASLC/ATS/ERS肺腺癌国际多学科新分类进行病理分型,用ARMS法检测EGFR基因,用免疫组化法检测TTF-1、CK7、NapsinA蛋白的表达。［结果］ EGFR在肺腺癌中突变率为51.1%(157/307),19外显子缺失突变(del)和21外显子（L858R）突变率分别为43.9%和51.0%,乳头和实体型腺癌突变率分别为65.4%和 29%。EGFR突变与性别、吸烟及肺腺癌病理分型均有相关性（P<0.001）,与TTF-1、CK7蛋白表达有相关性（均P<0.05）,与NapsinA无相关性（P=0.108）。［结论］ EGFR基因突变多见于女性非吸烟患者,较少见于实体为主型肺腺癌,突变以21（L858R）和19外显子缺失突变为主,TTF-1蛋白表达及肺腺癌病理分型对EGFR突变有着较好的提示作用。     

早期肺腺癌EGFR基因突变的相关因素研究

目的：探讨早期（cT1N0M0期）肺腺癌EGFR突变的临床、病理及高分辨率CT（HRCT）相关因素,为早期肺腺癌患者术后行EGFR基因检测提供参考。方法回顾性分析行手术切除且术后采用DNA直接测序法完成EGFR基因突变状态检测的82例cT1N0M0期肺腺癌患者的病历资料。采用卡方检验、t检验、秩和检验分析临床、病理学及HRCT特征在EGFR有效突变组与非有效突变组中的差异;相关因素的界值采用ROC曲线确定;采用Logistic回归分析探寻EGFR突变的独立危险因素。结果82例肺腺癌中发生EGFR基因有效突变53例,非有效突变（包括野生型、无效突变）29例。EGFR有效突变组与非有效突变组在性别（P=0.017）,年龄（P=0.005）,吸烟与否（P=0.004）,是否为乳头为主型（P=0.048）,病灶大小（P=0.019）的差异具有统计学意义。患者年龄≥60岁（OR=6.852,95% CI 1.985~23.652,P=0.002）为cT1N0M0期肺腺癌EGFR基因有效突变的独立危险因素。结论cT1N0M0期肺腺癌中女性、年龄≥60岁、无吸烟、病理亚型为乳头为主型和病灶≥1.6 cm者出现EGFR有效突变概率较大。对于具有这些因素的cT1N0M0期肺腺癌患者,可考虑推荐于术后行EGFR基因检测。     

GPER1在EGFR突变的肺腺癌中的表达

  目的  探讨肺腺癌中表皮生长因子受体（epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR）与G蛋白偶联雌激素受体1（G-protein cou? pled estrogen receptor 1,GPER1）/GPR30之间的关系。  方法  采用免疫组织化学方法检测83例术后肺腺癌组织样本中GPER1的表达,同时收集患者的临床病理资料,采用二代基因测序方法检测相应组织中EGFR基因突变状态,并分析GPER1与EGFR之间的相关性,Western blot检测EGFR野生型肺腺癌细胞A549,EGFR突变型肺腺癌细胞PC-9以及使用吉非替尼处理的PC-9细胞的GPER1表达水平。  结果  GPER1的阳性表达与患者性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、吸烟、分化程度无显著性差异（均P > 0.05）;EGFR突变与肿瘤TNM分期无显著性差异（P=0.542）;GPER1阳性表达与EGFR突变呈正相关（P=0.003）;GPER1在Ⅲ、Ⅳ期肺腺癌中较Ⅰ、Ⅱ期高表达（P=0.008）;在PC-9细胞中使用吉非替尼抑制EGFR活性引起GPER1表达下调。  结论  GPER1在EGFR基因突变型的肺腺癌中的表达高于EGFR野生型肺腺癌,GPER1的表达可能受EGFR活性调控。      

湖南地区肺腺癌EGFR基因突变及突变位点的临床病理特点

目的:研究湖南地区肺腺癌EGFR基因突变及突变位点的临床病理特点。方法:收集中南大学湘雅医院胸外科肺腺癌患者组织标本134例,采用扩增阻滞突变系统(ARMS)检测EGFR外显子18、19、20、21号突变状态。结果:134例肺腺癌患者中EGFR突变68例,突变率50.7%。其中男、女突变率分别为40.7%、58.7%（P=0.039）,吸烟、不吸烟患者突变率分别为30.6%、62.4%（P=0.000）。外显子18、19、20、21号突变分别为2例（2.9%）、32例（47.1%）、3例（4.4%）、31例（45.6%）。19、21号外显子突变在肺癌TNM分期中I-II期与III-IV期比较有差异,21号外显子突变在I-II期多见,P=0.048。结论:湖南地区肺腺癌中女性、不吸烟患者EGFR突变率高,EGFR突变以19、21号外显子为主,19与21号外显子突变相比较,21号外显子突变在肺癌TNM分期中I-II期多见。     

肺腺癌患者中EGFR突变与肺结核的相关性研究

  目的  研究肺腺癌患者中表皮生长因子受体（epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR）基因突变与肺结核在肺腺癌中的相关性。  方法  采用PCR扩增及基因测序方法检测506例肺腺癌患者EGFR基因突变情况,分析其与肺结核之间的关系,进一步使用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析并行Log-rank检验。  结果  506例肺腺癌患者中有218例患者存在EGFR突变,其中25例患者有感染肺结核病史。在肺腺癌患者中,有肺结核病史的患者EGFR基因突变率,尤其是外显子21缺失显著高于单纯肺腺癌者（P= 0.047,P=0.002）。肺腺癌与结核灶在同一肺叶或同侧肺的患者EGFR基因突变率明显高于二者在不同侧肺,尤其是外显子21突变（P=0.020,P=0.030）。有肺结核病史患者的2年生存率明显高于单纯肺腺癌患者（P=0.039）,且在未经EGFR-TKIs治疗的具有肺结核史的患者中,EGFR突变组与野生型组相比,2年生存率无统计学差异（P=0.948）,经过EGFR-TKIs治疗的患者2年生存率亦差异无统计学意义（P=0.425）。  结论  肺腺癌患者中,有肺结核病史的患者EGFR基因突变发生率明显增高,且EGFR基因突变与其预后无关。      

肺腺癌患者EGFR和KRAS基因突变与预后的相关性研究

目的 探讨肺腺癌患者表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)和KRAS基因突变与预后的相关性.方法 选取134例肺腺癌患者的肺腺癌组织标本,应用探针扩增阻滞突变系统在PCR仪上进行EGFR和KRAS基因突变检测,分析EGFR和KRAS基因突变与肺腺癌患者临床病理特征及预后的关系.结果 134例患者中,EGFR基因突变53例,突变率为39.55%,KRAS基因突变6例,突变率为4.48%.肺腺癌患者EGFR基因突变率与年龄、吸烟史有关(P﹤0.01).EGFR基因突变型患者的KRAS基因突变率低于EGFR基因野生型患者(P﹤0.05).EGFR基因突变型患者的无进展生存期(PFS)长于EGFR基因野生型患者(P﹤0.05),KRAS基因野生型患者的PFS长于KRAS基因突变型患者(P﹤0.05).结论 EGFR基因突变的肺腺癌患者KRAS基因更倾向于野生型,EGFR基因突变型或KRAS基因野生型的肺腺癌患者PFS更长.     

558例维吾尔族肺癌患者的临床病理特征及预后分析

目的 分析新疆本地维吾尔族肺癌患者的临床病理特征,了解该民族肺癌的分布特点及差异。方法 收集新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院2005年1月1日至2014年12月31日就诊的558例维吾尔族肺癌患者,对患者的临床分期、病理类型、驱动基因等临床资料进行对比分析及随访。结果 男女比例1.37:1,女性和城市维吾尔族肿瘤患者中腺癌最多,而男性、有吸烟史和乡镇患者中鳞癌和小细胞肺癌居多;小细胞肺癌患者3年生存率最低,腺癌最高;21.8%（65/298）患者存在EGFR基因突变,多见于不吸烟、腺癌、女性患者;6.9%（11/159）患者存在EML4-AL基因融合,多表达于腺癌、不吸烟或既往有吸烟史,同时无EGFR突变患者;Ⅳ期EGFR基因突变患者与EGFR野生型患者总生存期（OS）差异无统计学意义（P=0.597）。Ⅳ期EML4-ALK基因融合患者与EML4-ALK基因未融合患者总生存期差异无统计学意义（P=0.941）。结论 维吾尔族肺癌患者在临床特征、病理类型、流行病学分布及驱动基因方面有其特点。病理类型和分期是影响维吾尔族NSCLC患者预后的独立因素。     

Study of the Correlation of EGFR and K-RAS Gene Mutations with Its Protein Expression in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

OBJECTIVE To investigate gene mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and K-RAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene) in Chinese patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and study the correlation with its protein expression and its clinical significance on gefitinib. METHODS Detect the EGFR and K-RAS gene mutations status by gene sequencing and use the method of Immunohistochemistry to detect EGFR and K-RAS protein expression. RESULTS The frequency of EGFR mutations was 33%, mainly located in exon 19 and exon 21. The frequency of K-RAS mutations was 5.5%, mainly located in codon 12. There was no case which both had EGFR and K-RAS mutations, suggesting a mutually exclusive relationship between the two. EGFR mutations are more common in adenocarcinomas (particularly those with bronchioloalveolar features), nonsmokers and females. 16% were detected EGFR positive expression and had no correlation with EGFR mutation (P > 0.05), but had significant correlation with mutation in exon 19 (P < 0.05). The frequency of K-RAS positive expression was 52.5% and had no correlation with K-RAS mutation (P > 0.05). Twelve (8 cases were protein-negative) out of 15 gefitinib-treated NSCLC patients with disease control carry EGFR mutations. CONCLUSION EGFR protein expression has some correlation with exon 19 mutations. Combined detection of EGFR and K-RAS gene mutations can help clinicians to choose patients who may benefit from EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) and to predict the response and prognosis of gefitinib.     

Correlation between computed tomography findings and epidermal growth factor receptor and KRAS gene mutations in patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma

We examined the correlation between computed tomography (CT) findings and the incidence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and KRAS mutations in lung adenocarcinoma. We analyzed the tumors of 136 patients with surgically resected primary lung adenocarcinoma. CT scans were evaluated for the presence of ground grass opacity (GGO), spiculation and the maximum diameter of the tumor was measured. SMart Amplification Process (ver. 2) was used to detect the presence of EGFR and KRAS mutations. EGFR and KRAS mutations were found in 56 (41.1%) and 25 (18.4%) of the 136 cases, respectively. Although no significant association was found between GGO and EGFR mutations (p=0.07), the EGFR mutation occurred more frequently in male patients with GGO than in those without GGO (p=0.04). The KRAS mutation occurred more frequently in patients whose tumor diameter was ≥ 31 mm than in those whose tumor diameter was <30 mm (p=0.003). Evaluation of CT findings may be helpful for determining the presence of EGFR and KRAS mutations, particularly when it is not possible to obtain a tumor specimen.     

Mutational and epigenetic evidence for independent pathways for lung adenocarcinomas arising in smokers and never smokers

Genetic and epigenetic alterations are considered to play important roles in lung cancer. Recent studies showed that EGFR and K-RAS mutations exhibited a mutually exclusive pattern in adenocarcinoma of the lung, suggesting the presence of two independent oncogenic pathways. However, it is unknown how epigenetic alterations were involved in lung carcinogenesis mediated by EGFR or K-RAS mutation. In this study, we examined the relationship between genetic and epigenetic alterations in 164 cases of lung adenocarcinoma. Somatic mutations were determined by direct sequence of EGFR exons 18 to 21 and K-RAS codons 12 and 13. Methylation status of p16(INK4a), RASSF1A, APC, RARbeta, and CDH13, frequently methylated in lung cancer, was determined by methylation-specific PCR and the degree of methylation was defined as the methylation index. Multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, and smoking dose showed that the probability of having EGFR mutation was significantly lower among those with p16(INK4a) and CDH13 methylation than in those without [p16(INK4a): odds ratio (OR), 0.07; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.02-0.33; CDH13: OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.15-0.77] and the methylation index was significantly lower in EGFR mutant cases than in wild type (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.52-0.95). By contrast, K-RAS mutation was significantly higher in p16(INK4a) methylated cases than in unmethylated cases (OR, 4.93; 95% CI, 1.54-15.7) and the methylation index was higher in K-RAS mutant cases than in wild type with marginal significance (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 0.95-2.25). Our results indicate the differences in the evolvement of epigenetic alterations between the EGFR- and K-RAS-mediated tumorigenesis and suggest the specific interaction of genetic and epigenetic changes in tumorigenesis of lung cancer.     

肺腺癌患者外周血中外泌体EGFR突变检测及其临床意义北大核心

目的:探讨肺腺癌患者外周血中外泌体检测EGFR的临床意义。方法:采用PCR方法检测肺腺癌患者外周血中外泌体、ctDNA和癌组织中EGFR突变情况,分析肺腺癌患者外周血外泌体中EGFR突变及其与临床病理特征的关系,比较外周血中外泌体、ctDNA和癌组织中检测EGFR突变的一致性。结果:肺腺癌患者外周血外泌体中检测EGFR突变型肺腺癌21例,EGFR野生型肺腺癌23例。肺腺癌外泌体中EGFR突变与性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、TNM分期、组织学类型及淋巴结转移情况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。肺腺癌组织检测25例EGFR突变中,外泌体中检测出EGFR突变19例,一致率为76%;19例肺腺癌组织EGFR野生型中,外泌体检测出EGFR突变2例。25例肺腺癌组织EGFR突变中,ctDNA中检测出EGFR突变16例,一致率为64%。kappa分析显示,外泌体、ctDNA与癌组织检测一致性较好,前者一致性优于后者。结论:外泌体可用于肺腺癌血浆中EGFR突变检测,对指导临床用药具有一定意义。     

EGFR基因突变与非小细胞肺癌临床病理特征的关系

目的 研究临床病理特征及相关实验室检测指标与非小细胞肺癌患者外科手术治疗预后的关系.方法手术切除的非小细胞肺癌患者标本一共190例,采用实时荧光PCR法,检测EGFR 基因第 18、19、20 和 21 号外显子的突变情况.分析EGFR基因突变与其临床病理关系、EGFR基因突变丰度和临床特征的关系.结果 EGFR基因突变的影响因素包括:性别、吸烟史、病理分型,高危因素包括:女性、吸烟者、腺癌.190例 NSCLC 患者肿瘤组织中,成功检测出90例存在 EGFR 基因突变,EGFR 突变丰度与性别(P=0.962)、吸烟史(P=0.809)无相关性;EGFR突变丰度与病理分型相关.和非腺癌对比,腺癌患者EGFR基因突变丰度明显更高,(x2=14.110,P=0.000).术前腺癌血清VEGF水平明显低于非腺癌组,P＜0.05;术后腺癌血清CD44v6明显高于非腺癌患者,P＜0.05;术后Ⅲ～Ⅳ期组血清VEGF、CD44v6水平明显高于Ⅰ～Ⅱ期患者,P＜0.05.结论 非小细胞肺癌EGFR基因突变的高危因素为吸烟者、女性、腺癌,与年龄、性别、肿瘤分期、吸烟史无明显相关性.     

Molecular markers and changes of computed tomography appearance in lung adenocarcinoma with ground-glass opacity

BACKGROUND: High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of lung adenocarcinoma at early stage shows pure ground-glass opacity (GGO) and most cases of pure GGO remain stable during follow-up. There is no consensus on the strategy for follow-up. Identification of the molecular mechanisms that are associated with the natural history of lung adenocarcinoma should provide useful information. METHODS: Twenty-three lung adenocarcinomas that were followed-up for more than 6 months pre-operatively by HRCT were included in this study. Patterns of radiological changes during the follow-up period were classified into three groups; type 1, pure GGO without consolidation; type 2, appearance or increase in consolidation within pure GGO; type 3, consolidation without pure GGO. Mutational analysis of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and K-ras genes and immunohistochemical staining of p53 protein were performed. RESULTS: EGFR mutations were found in 17 cases (74%), and there was no K-ras mutation. Positive staining of p53 was found in 8 cases (35%). As for radiological findings during the follow-up period, the frequencies of EGFR mutations and positive p53 staining were 67 and 0% in type 1 (n = 9), 89 and 44% in type 2 (n = 9) and 60 and 80% in type 3 (n = 5). CONCLUSIONS: EGFR mutations were frequently found in lung adenocarcinoma with GGO on HRCT in this study. Inactivation of p53 may be associated with the appearance of central consolidation within pure GGO on HRCT which reflects invasive features and may be useful as a molecular marker during the follow-up of pure GGO.     

EGFR-TKI获得性耐药晚期肺腺癌的临床特点分析

目的探讨携带表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)敏感基因突变的晚期肺腺癌患者经过一线EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(EGFR-TKI)治疗出现获得性耐药的临床特点。方法收集2011年1月至2015年12月携带EGFR敏感基因突变的193例患者,其中一线给予吉非替尼或埃克替尼治疗120例,分析EGFR-TKI治疗过程中疗效及EGFR突变类型与出现获得性耐药时临床进展特点的关系。结果一线行EGFR-TKI治疗的120例患者中无1例获完全缓解,获部分缓解(PR)80例(66.7%),中位无进展生存时间(PFS)为12.1个月;获稳定(SD)36例(30.0%),中位PFS为6.1个月,两者PFS的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。获PR和SD的116例患者中,EGFR 19号外显子缺失64例(55.2%),中位PFS为11.0个月;21号外显子L858R点突变52例(44.8%),中位PFS为8.6个月,两者PFS的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。出现获得性耐药时50例(43.1%)仅有原发病灶进展,66例(56.9%)出现了新的转移病灶。出现获得性耐药时肺部病灶进展最多(37.9%),其次是颅内转移(26.7%)。疗效评价为PR和SD及EGFR外显子19缺失和L858R突变的患者出现获得性耐药与转移部位无关,与新发或原发病灶亦无关(P>0.05)。结论携带EGFR敏感基因突变患者经EGFR-TKI治疗后出现获得性耐药的患者,肺部病灶进展最多,其次是颅内转移。转移部位与治疗疗效及EGFR突变基因型无明显关系。     

Relationships between EGFR Mutation Status of Lung Cancer and Preoperative Factors - Are they Predictive?

Background: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status of lung cancer is importantbecause it means that EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment is indicated. The purpose of this prospectivestudy is to determine whether EGFR mutation status could be identified with reference to preoperative factors.Materials and Methods: One hundred-forty eight patients with lung cancer (111 adenocarcinomas, 25 squamouscell carcinomas and 12 other cell types) were enrolled in this study. The EGFR mutation status of each lungcancer was analyzed postoperatively. Results: There were 58 patients with mutant EGFR lung cancers (mutantLC) and 90 patients with wild-type EGFR lung cancers (wild-type LC). There were significant differences ingender, smoking status, maximum tumor diameter in chest CT, type of tumor shadow, clinical stage betweenmutant LC and wild-type LC. EGFR mutations were detected only in adenocarcinomas. Maximum standardizeduptake value (SUVmax:3.66±4.53) in positron emission tomography-computed tomography of mutant LC wassignificantly lower than that (8.26±6.11) of wild-type LC (p<0.0001). Concerning type of tumor shadow, thepercentage of mutant LC was 85.7% (6/7) in lung cancers with pure ground glass opacity (GGO), 65.3%(32/49)in lung cancers with mixed GGO and 21.7%(20/92) in lung cancers with solid shadow (p<0.0001). For the resultsof discriminant analysis, type of tumor shadow (p=0.00036) was most significantly associated with mutant EGFR.Tumor histology (p=0.0028), smoking status (p=0.0051) and maximum diameter of tumor shadow in chest CT(p=0.047) were also significantly associated with mutant EGFR. The accuracy for evaluating EGFR mutationstatus by discriminant analysis was 77.0% (114/148). Conclusions: Mutant EGFR is significantly associatedwith lung cancer with pure or mixed GGO, adenocarcinoma, never-smoker, smaller tumor diameter in chestCT. Preoperatively, EGFR mutation status can be identified correctly in about 77 % of lung cancers.     

肺腺癌中表皮生长因子受体基因突变与拷贝数的检测分析

目的检测肺腺癌组织中表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）19、21外显子基因突变和拷贝数,分析EGFR基因突变和拷贝数变化的相关性。方法应用荧光定量PCR技术和荧光原位杂交（FISH）技术分别检测58例肺腺癌患者肿瘤组织中的EGFR基因突变和基因扩增,用X^2检验进行数据分析。结果58例肺腺癌患者组织中,EGFR19、21外显子突变率为43．1％（25／58）,其中2例存在两种类型的突变。EGFR基因拷贝数增加阳性率为51．7％（30／58）,包括8例扩增,22例高多体扩增。不同分化程度的肺腺癌组织间,扩增阳性率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,低分化癌的突变率低于高、中分化癌（P〈O．05）。EGFR基因突变与EGFR基因拷贝数之间显著相关（P〈0．01）。结论肺腺癌组织具有较高的EGFR基因突变率和扩增阳性率;联合检测EGFR基因拷贝数和基因突变,更有利于靶向药物的筛选。