油液磨粒检测传感器线圈间距对输出信号的影响

电感式磨粒传感器在机械设备润滑油液磨粒在线监测中具有独特优势,通过测量传感器输出的感应电压信号来获取油液中磨粒的大小、数量以及质量等信息,进而可实现设备磨损程度的判断。为了研究电感式三线圈传感器中相邻两线圈之间的距离对传感器输出感应信号的影响,基于差动式三线圈互感原理建立传感器三维模型;利用JMAG-Designer12.0软件对传感器检测铁磁磨粒的过程进行瞬态电磁仿真,分析线圈间距对传感器输出感应电动势的影响;通过制作传感器进行实验并行验证仿真结果的正确性。研究结果表明,当线圈间距小于2.5 mm时,感应电动势随间距的增加而增大,当线圈间距大于2.5 mm时,感应电动势随间距的增加而减小,线圈间距为2.5 mm时,感应电动势最大,传感器输出信号与理论正弦信号变化趋势接近一致,并且信号干扰最小、信号最为稳定。     

基于在线铁谱图像的磨损机理智能辨识

基于状态的维护(Condition based maintenance,CBM)理念为机器健康状态维护提出了实时监测的新挑战。现有研究由于缺乏在线信息获取手段,磨损状态监测逐渐成为CBM的技术瓶颈。基于特征磨粒的磨损机理判断方法已经被广泛应用在离线磨损分析中,但是在线磨损机理的表征依然是一个很大的问题。针对基于在线铁谱图像的磨损机理开展研究。为了在一副在线铁谱图像中获得分离的磨粒图像,研究磨粒在在线铁谱传感器中的沉积机理。研究结果表明,磨粒链是图像中的主要形态,这是由于先前沉积的磨粒产生的局部磁场所致。设计一种依靠自适应调节沉积时间的在线磨粒沉积方法。运用该方法可以在在线铁谱图像中获得分离的磨粒,为特征磨粒的特征辨识提供了便利。参考分析铁谱知识,提取特征磨粒的4种形态学特征(当量尺寸、长径比、形状因子和分形维数)以综合表征4种典型磨损机理,包括正常、切削、疲劳、严重滑动磨损。采用反馈式人工神经网络构建自动磨损机理辨识模型。采用离线铁谱图像样本验证所建模型,结果表明该模型可以识别在线磨粒图像中的特征磨粒。对在线磨损机理表征方法进行了有意义的探索,所得研究成果将为在线磨损状态表征提供可行方法。     

基于铣床主轴弯扭力学信号的铣刀磨损状态监测方法研究

为了及时检测出急剧磨损的铣刀,提高加工效率,保证工件精度和表面质量,设计了一种基于机床主轴弯矩与扭矩信号的铣刀磨损状态监测方法,利用主轴上的扭矩和弯矩传感器对加工过程中的刀具进行实时在线测量,并对采集到的数据进行处理。试验结果表明,将切削力信号融合提取特征作为输入信号,可以提高刀具磨损状态识别的准确性,能够直接和准确地反映刀具磨损状态。     

机械磨损过程的在线监测

润滑油中含有丰富的机械零件磨损过程的信息,特别是分布在油中的磨粒直接反映了零件磨损量与状态信息,因此通过采集润滑油中的磨粒,可获取机械的磨损过程信息.根据对油中磨粒检测的需要,设计了磨粒传感器,并对其进行了特性试验.同时论述了对油中磨粒检测的检测方法,和检测系统的软/硬件结构.试验及应用表明,根据检测油液中的磨粒的含量和产生速率与预置数据进行对比分析,获取零件的磨损过程信息,可以准确地判断机械的磨损过程.     

基于模糊数据融合的控制棒包壳管磨损状态评估

核电站反应堆控制棒组件在服役期间与导向架摩擦造成包壳管外表面磨损,对反应堆的安全运行造成极大隐患,严重时甚至可能引起核安全事故。利用控制棒包壳管超声和涡流检测信息提取信号特征值对其磨损状态进行评估,因单一特征信号反映的控制棒包壳管状态信息存在局限性,采用模糊数据融合方法对超声、涡流检测特征信号进行融合,获得更加全面、准确的包壳管磨损状态。实验结果表明,基于模糊数据融合的包壳管磨损状态评估比单一传感器对包壳管磨损状态评估更为可靠。     

电感式油液磨粒传感器系统设计

油液中的磨粒可反映发动机等设备的磨损状况,为实现油液金属磨粒的在线监测,基于电磁感应原理建立了三线圈传感器的数学模型,通过仿真分析传感器最佳结构参数(内径、间隙、宽度等),利用相干解调模型提取磨粒信号,并分析磨粒信号产生原理.系统采用多层屏蔽结构,可有效减少外部的磁场干扰,设计的传感器检测系统接入风机齿轮箱油路进行相关试验.试验结果表明,本系统可对磨粒信号进行有效提取,且磨粒信号同时受磨粒速度及磨粒尺寸的影响,可在流量为1～18 L/min的工况下实现187 μm铁磁性金属磨粒和578 μm非铁磁性金属磨粒的检测,后续可结合BP神经网络对油液金属磨粒各特征参数进行自适应判别,对今后油液磨粒在线监测设备的开发提供了理论支撑及技术支持,为机械设备故障诊断提供重要依据.     

电感式磨粒传感器中铁磁质磨粒特性仿真研究

针对机械装置的在线监测传感器,模拟了铁磁质磨粒通过传感器过程中传感器线圈的磁场和感应线圈的感应电压瞬态变化特性.考虑了线圈与铁磨粒的材料、线圈匝数和激励线圈的输入电压等因素,应用Jmag Designer I0.4软件建立了传感器的二维有限元模型.仿真结果揭示了磨粒运动过程中线圈磁场与感应线圈中感应电压的变化规律,获得了感应电压与球形磨粒的直径大小的立方成正比,与磨粒运行速度成正比.研究结果对于电感式磨粒传感器的开发具有重要的指导价值.     

自适应随机共振算法的立铣刀磨损信号检测

在对刀具磨损信号的检测过程中,强噪加工环境使得所需特征信号显得非常微弱,给提取微弱特征信号带来了难题,基于此问题提出了利用自适应随机共振算法对立铣刀在磨损过程中产生的磨损信号进行检测,用加速度传感器和力传感器采集振动信号和切削力信号,再将提取的信号进行时频域的特征值提取,以此来分别建立遗传算法和粒子群算法优化的自适应随机共振模型,最后将这两种模型都用在对立铣刀的磨损检测中。实验结果表明,遗传算法和粒子群算法均可检测出立铣刀转动频率和刀齿切入频率,以及这两种频率下所对应的立铣刀磨损信号,为日后立铣刀磨损状态在线监测系统的建立奠定了基础。     

三线圈电感式磨粒传感器的检测电路

润滑油中磨粒反映了机械运行状态的大量信息,所以对磨粒进行检测具有很重要的工程应用价值。依据润滑油中磨粒与电感线圈之间耦合关系,设计了一种三线圈电感式磨粒在线监测传感器。根据传感器测量原理,该检测电路设计主要包括调幅调相驱动电路、前置放大电路、精密整流电路和后级滤波放大电路。实验结果表明:该检测电路结合后续NI信号采集模块与LabVIEW数据处理,对铁磁磨粒的分辨率达到100μm.     

基于磁电传感器的转子偏心距检测

为了解决现有转子偏心检测方法系统建模复杂、多路信号同步采集存在相位误差的问题，提出了一种基于磁电传感器的偏心检测方法。首先分析了磁电传感器检测机理，得到磁电传感器电压与感应间隙之间的函数关系，改变信号盘结构设置键相信号并推导磁电传感器键相信号电压波形。针对传感器键相信号电压波形，设计转子偏心距检测算法。并以DSP28335微控制器为核心，搭建硬件检测系统对该检测方法进行验证。在不同转速的情况下得到转子偏心距参数。结果表明：该偏心距检测方法能够准确的对转子偏心状态进行检测，对工程具有一定的实践意义。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

Fifth International Summer School on Screw-Theory Based Methods in Robotics

正3-11 September,2014University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy www.summerscrews.org summerscrews2014.ing.unibo.it SUMMER 20SCREWS 14In 2014,our screw-theory school comes to the world's oldest university.In early September,Summer Screws'14 will gather six experts in the application of screw theory in robotics and up to 40 participants at the University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy.The school will teach attendees how to apply existing methods and empower them to develop new ones in their own research.The basic theoretical notions will be introduced in a rigorous manner,emphasizing examples,applications,and exercises.Scholarships are available.     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND VISUALISATION-A PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE

Taking the actual project of teaching and researching process for example, the relationship between the industrial engineering and product development is discussed. And use the novel visualization technology to support the industrial engineering and product development. How to use the new computer modeling and simulating technologies to support the product development and industrial engineering, is introduced especially. The support includes both domestic products and industrial systems. The visualization and computer technologies take a very important role in some system or multi-direction modeling, those technologies mentioned above can help the industrial engineers study the effect of design on the whole life circle, including the producing steps. So the engineers can avoid making the wrong decision which may cause bad effects on the whole industrial engineering.