Fragment Shot‐Line Model for Air‐Defence Warhead

In this paper, a shot‐line model that describes the process of air‐defence warhead explosion and the fragment dispersion was developed, in which natural fragment warheads, controlled fragment warheads, performed fragment warheads, multi‐P‐charge warheads, fragment focusing warheads and continuous rod warheads were included. The shot‐line model is applied to both static and real dynamic conditions. The air drag and the fragment tumbling that influences the impact velocity and the ballistic deviation of the fragment and the penetration prediction in the terminal effectiveness analysis were considered.     

六棱柱形战斗部预制破片驱动的数值模拟与试验

为研究六棱柱形战斗部预制破片的杀伤效果,建立了正六棱柱战斗部的三维模型,并以等高、等外径的普通圆柱形战斗部为对照组,利用LS-DYNA软件分别模拟了二者在端面中心起爆与偏心两线起爆时对破片的驱动过程,分析了破片的速度与密度增益,并设计了实弹试验对模拟结果进行了验证。模拟结果表明,偏心两线起爆时,六棱柱形战斗部和圆柱形战斗部破片速度的增益分别为9.2%和12.2%,与试验值的误差均在10%以内。试验结果表明,与端面中心起爆的圆柱形战斗部相比,六棱柱形战斗部在端面中心起爆和偏心两线起爆时分别可使破片密度提高53.6%和74.1%,且使破片在较远距离处仍有较优的聚集效果。     

钨合金破片撞击复合靶后装药的实验研究

利用杀伤战斗部所产生的高速钨合金破片撞击复合靶后装药(铸装H-6炸药),以期观测复合靶后装药是否产生爆燃现象。利用工业CT分析了钨合金破片对复合靶后装药的侵彻情况。结果表明,虽然钨合金破片具有了较高的速度,但在贯穿一定厚度复合靶时,其动能急剧下降并产生了破裂,这是未能起爆靶后装药的一个主要原因。     

动态线列式破片战斗部技术探索

依据现代战争对反导技术的迫切需求,提出了一种动态线列式破片战斗部技术,在弹目动态交汇条件下使目标形成线列式穿孔,同时使穿孔周边产生撕裂效应和应力集中效应,从而对高速飞行的导弹等目标实施线切割式高效结构毁伤.结合动态线列式破片战斗部设计原理,给出了该类战斗部系统设计方法和主要设计参数的工程计算公式,通过数值模拟和原理样机...     

A Formula for Calculating the Velocities of Fragments from Velocity Enhanced Warhead

A formula to predict the radial distribution of the fragment velocities of the Velocity Enhanced Warhead (VEW) is proposed. Not only the maximum velocity gains, but also the velocity gains with azimuth angle can be calculated using this formula. Its predictions are in good agreement with the experimental data from the previous literatures. This formula applies a correctional function in consideration of the directivity and initiation characteristics of the warhead fragments. The correlation between the coefficient k in the correctional function and the warhead property in terms of the ratio β of charge mass to metal casing mass is discussed. The fragment energy distribution can also be obtained from the formula and the results show that when β is equal to 1.0, half of the fragment energy is concentrated within the range of 63° in the target direction.     

偏心起爆战斗部速度增益的数值模拟及实验

为研究偏心起爆子母式战斗部破片速度的增益,运用LS-DYNA对子母式定向战斗部变形和爆轰驱动破片飞散过程进行了数值模拟,模拟结果与试验结果吻合.结果表明,与中心起爆相比,在与起爆位置相对的方向上,偏心起爆战斗部增益区的破片速度明屁增加,最大增益可达10.7%.引爆点同侧的破片速度要明显小于引爆点对侧的破片速度,方位角在0°～180°方向上,破片的速度呈递增趋势.     

周向液体层对战斗部破片加速过程的影响

为研究外部液体介质对杀伤战斗部破片加速过程的影响,设计了液体层厚度与装药直径之比为1∶1的模拟样机,开展了满腔、半满和空腔3种状态下的模拟样机静爆试验,得到周向液体层包覆下战斗部的破片速度,并利用LS-DYNA软件对3种状态下装药加速破片的过程进行了分析,与试验结果进行了对比。结果表明,外部液体介质影响了战斗部装药爆轰能量的分配,进而降低了装药加载破片的性能,在满腔状态下破片的速度仅能达到空腔状态下的55%~60%;半满状态时,水介质的径向惯性约束作用使得爆轰产物并未均等地向各个方向膨胀作功,而是向无水方向流动较快(类似于局部泄爆),其能量出现不均衡分配,进而有效提高了无水一侧破片的速度,达到空腔状态下的1.65倍。数值模拟的结果与实验结果相吻合,进一步验证了周向液体层对战斗部破片加速过程的影响。     

线内非同步起爆对战斗部毁伤效能的影响

为进一步提高偏心起爆定向战斗部的毁伤效能,在序贯起爆方式的基础上提出了4种线内非同步起爆方案,通过LS-DYNA仿真和求解破片外弹道方程,研究了线内起爆顺序、起爆延时和起爆线数目对军用车辆毁伤效能的影响。结果表明,通过调整线内起爆时序可以对破片轴向抛射角进行分段控制,4种线内非同步起爆方案均能有效提高毁伤效能;最佳起爆方案为偏心两线方案Ⅲ(自战斗部中下部的起爆点向两端依次起爆),起爆延时为1/2倍的相邻起爆点间传爆时间;相对于端面中心单点、偏心两线同时和偏心两线序贯起爆,该起爆方案下最大毁伤面积的增益分别为34.1%、24.7%和23.4%,且对战斗部炸点高度不敏感。     

EFP对有限厚45#碳钢板侵彻实验研究

采用脉冲X光摄影技术获得EFP的着靶速度及穿靶后靶后的残体和破片速度;利用锯末桶回收穿靶后的靶后残体及破片,获得EFP弹丸穿靶后的剩余动能;分析了EFP对有限厚45#碳钢靶的破坏现象和侵彻规律.通过对试验结果的数据处理,获得EFP对有限厚45#碳钢靶极限穿透速度的经验公式.该公式的建立对于新型EFP战斗部的设计以及进行EFP战斗部威力考核都具有重要意义.     

混合燃料装填状态及结构特征分析

FAE战斗都要适应一定的使用温度范围，壳体内装填的混合燃料体积会随着温度的变化发生变化，需要在战斗内留有一定空间间隙，间隙大小需要综合考虑燃料的温度系数，战斗部壳体强度及战斗部质量偏心等因素，本文推导出能够满足战斗部安全要求和发射精度要求的壳体内预留间隙计算方法。     

定向战斗部破片能量增益的数值模拟

利用有限元分析计算方法分别对爆炸网络控制定向战斗部和中心起爆战斗部装药驱动破片过程进行了研究,得到该过程的动画演示过程和各种相关数据。通过对数值模拟数据的处理,得到爆炸网络控制定向战斗部破片速度和数目的分布规律以及爆炸网络控制定向战斗部相对于中心起爆战斗部在增益区内的破片速度增益、数目增益和能量增益结果。     

Fragment Velocity Distribution of Velocity Enhanced Warhead under Double Symmetric Initiations

Cylindrical casing filled with charge under eccentric point initiation is a kind of velocity enhanced warhead (VEW). The initial velocity distribution of fragments from VEW is a key issue in the field of explosive technology. Most of the formulas existed can predict the fragment velocity distribution from VEW with a single eccentric initiation point, but the fragment velocity distribution of the VEWs with double symmetric eccentric initiation points is not studied well. In this paper, a new formula is established to predict the radial distribution of the fragment velocities from VEW under double symmetric initiation points. Not only the maximum velocity gains, but also the velocity gains with azimuth angle can be calculated using this formula. The formula applies a correctional function in consideration of both the angle 2ϕ between the two symmetric initiation points and the ratio of the mass charge to that of metal casing β. Finally, the X‐ray experiments were conducted to verify the formula established in this paper, and the predictions agree well with the experimental data. According to the comparisons between the calculated results from the formula and the published data, the formula also shows good agreement.     

可控旋转式离散杆战斗部工程设计方法探索

探索性提出了可控旋转式离散杆战斗部结构的一种工程设计方法，给出了有关设计依据和原理试验结构，对该结构类型战斗部设计是一个有益的尝试。     

高威力精密破甲战斗部技术研究

精密破甲战斗部技术是提高破甲威力和改善破甲稳定性的重要技术途径,其关键技术包括高威力炸药及其精密装药,精密药型罩和精密装配技术。介绍了采用精密破甲战斗部技术使破甲穿深突破10倍装药口径的研究成果。该项技术在各种破甲战斗部中推广应用,可大幅提高破甲威力。     

Design and implementation of a high-velocity projectile generator

An explosively formed projectile (EFP) is designed as a high-velocity projectile generator to be used in a field test in which an equivalent fragment impacts on an equivalent tactical ballistic missile warhead. The formed slug of the EFP is ≈45 g and has a velocity of around 2500 m/sec. EFP detonation and slug forging are numerically simulated using an LS-DYNA3D finite-element code to optimize the design parameters of the EFP. Tests with determining EFP velocity and mass are performed to confirm the preliminary design and evaluate the EFP performance. A flash X-ray facility is employed to measure the profile and the velocity of the EFP slug. The high-velocity projectile generator developed herein can be used in verifying the lethality of the antitactical ballistic missile warhead against tactical ballistic missile. It is also useful for research of the resistance of military fortifications and nuclear power plant containment structures to penetration. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 123–131, March–April, 2007.     

An Anti Tactical Ballistic Missile (ATBM) Warhead

The concept of an ATBM warhead that disperses about one thousand rods is presented. The intersection of an ATBM and a target as well as the fuze‐warhead coordination was analyzed. A model warhead that can control the distribution density of the rod was developed and demonstrated by a scaled experiment. This design would be an extension of the hit‐to‐kill warhead concept.     

低强度冲击下炸药点火的数值模拟

为了研究炸药在低强度冲击下的反应特性,根据标准的Steven试验建立了数值计算模型,采用热力耦合模型和Arrhenius方程描述炸药的热反应,对不同速度弹头撞击炸药过程进行了数值模拟计算,获得了炸药点火的弹头阈值速度,分析了弹头形状对炸药反应的影响。计算结果表明,在弹头阈值速度下,炸药点火存在一定的延迟时间,随着弹头速度的增大,延迟时间缩短;弹头形状会影响炸药受力过程,使炸药点火特性发生变化。     

利用弹头变形识别枪击5mm钢化玻璃时序的研究

选用54式手枪、77式手枪和QSZ92式9mm手枪,分别垂直射击5mm钢化玻璃,分析弹头在贯穿玻璃后的变形和玻璃平面的痕迹特征。通过实验研究,统计并分析相关数据,得出了首发弹和非首发弹形成的弹孔痕迹以及弹头的平面痕迹特征的区别,根据弹头变形识别枪击钢化玻璃的时序。由于各种枪支不同的性能,比较多种弹头的痕迹特征,找出影响弹头痕迹特征的主要因素。     

基于增材制造的壳-罩一体式周向MEFP战斗部试验研究

为验证增材制造技术在周向MEFP战斗部领域应用的可行性,利用激光选区熔化(SLM)3D打印技术制备了以316L不锈钢为材料的壳-罩一体式周向MEFP战斗部,并开展了仿真和静爆试验研究。结果表明,3D打印316L不锈钢壳体在起爆后可以形成独立的多EFP毁伤元,其速度在1848~2112m/s之间,并能够在1.68m范围内保持完整的形态;受EFP自身速度梯度和药型罩材料延展率低的影响,多EFP毁伤元在2.7m范围外会出现不同程度的破碎;增材制造技术为周向MEFP战斗部的研究和制备提供了一种可行的途径,其打印精度完全能够满足战斗部设计需求,具有十分可观的应用前景。