人工诱导的阔叶红松林径阶结构分析

文章对人工诱导的阔叶红松林的径阶结构进行了分析,结果表明:择伐改造诱导的异龄阔叶红松林中,红松与阔叶树的径级分布在各个调查年份基本上呈单峰型偏左曲线,随着林龄的增长曲线峰值逐渐向右平移。皆伐改造诱导的同龄阔叶红松林,根据红松的生物学特性,不同年龄采取不同强度抚育,林龄小于20年生时采取半透光抚育,林龄大于20年生时采取全透光抚育。不同林分类型阔叶红松林径阶分布有明显差异,红松纯林、红松-胡桃楸、红松-杂木与其它类型的红松径阶分布差异显著(P0.05);红松-胡桃楸、红松-水曲柳与其它类型的阔叶树径阶分布差异显著(P0.05)。红松径阶分布取决于红松与阔叶树株数比例,阔叶树的径阶分布主要取决于林分密度。     

采用"径距法"求证阔叶树与红松生长之间关系的论述

根据阔叶树与红松之间的关系,采用"径距法",找出适合红松幼树生长的径距比,即红阔平均距离为378～458cm,阔叶树公顷密度为356～237株.此密度即为适于红松正常生长的阔叶树密度范围.     

红松人工林和相邻次生林林下红松天然更新种群格局分析

为了探讨球果采摘后红松天然更新幼苗幼树的生长生存现状,了解红松天然更新种群的动态,以红松人工林及其相邻蒙古栎次生林两种林分为对象,对红松天然更新幼苗幼树的分布状态及其生长状况进行了调查分析。结果表明:(1)红松人工林与蒙古栎次生林林内红松天然更新种群年龄结构都不完整,蒙古栎次生林内红松天然更新种群年龄对应于球果采摘强度的不同时期出现了两个峰值,而红松人工林内只有前4年生幼苗;(2)两种林分中1~3a红松天然更新幼苗的株/簇与簇数均符合指数函数变化,即红松幼苗幼树多以单株存在,簇生幼苗的数量占比很少;(3)蒙古栎次生林林内的红松天然更新幼苗在苗高和地径生长都比红松人工林内的具有优势,两种林分中1a和2a更新幼苗的苗高差异不明显,但3a更新幼苗的苗高差异显著;次生林内1~3a红松天然更新幼苗的地径均极显著高于人工林林内的红松幼苗。结论:在当前的这种球果采摘条件下,红松人工林及其相邻蒙古栎次生林林内红松更新幼苗幼树分布受到了很大影响,种群年龄结构不合理,大多数幼苗幼树以单株存在。     

菌根与红松造林

红松苗木根系上具有菌根,它是红松须根与真菌的共生体。菌根在红松根系上通常表现为使须根增粗,形成很多简单的分叉。发育良好的菌根呈珊瑚状或成集团,集团直径可达3～4毫米。在一个侧根上常常着生菌根团2～3个,多的达10余个,但是,也有的侧根上没有明显的菌根团。菌根的多少与苗木的等级有直接关系,据调查,以3年生红松留床苗为例,苗高16.2厘米,当年高生长7.9厘米,地径3.75厘米的壮苗,平均每株苗上有16个菌根团,而苗高9厘米,当年高生长5厘米,地径2.3厘米的弱苗     

秦岭林区天然油松林结构研究初报

对秦岭林区天然油松林年龄结构，直径结构分析研究表明，天然油松林按林层和林龄可划为单层异龄林和复层异龄林两类。单层异龄林的天然更新表现出明显的连续性和阶段性，而复层异龄油松林的年龄结构出现多世代波动现，直径结构的波动随林龄的增加，其偏度具有一定的方向性。     

小兴安岭红松天然优良林分林龄模型的探讨

关于红松林林分群体林龄测定方法,在森林调查中,一直沿用全林平均木法和分径阶标准木法。一个是伐取一株林分平均直径的立木,实测年龄作为林分林龄;一个是分径阶按各径阶株数比例关系,分别伐倒多株立本实测年龄,然后再计算林分林龄。前法因红松天然林具有复层、异龄、混交和幼龄期耐荫的特点,林分中立木个体年龄差异悬殊,几个世代同堂,因而利用平均直径的立     

小兴安岭红松种群天然更新的特点

本文在红松种子库研究的基础上,通过对近千个样方,7块样地和388株天然更新红松苗木的调查与分析,对红松幼苗幼树的分布格局及其演化;红松种群幼年阶段的年龄结构;红松幼苗幼树的生长发育与环境条件的关系等方面进行了探讨。对红松天然更新的过程,尤其是对红松在阔叶树发生的条件下而更新的“更新复合体”学说进行了机理上的阐述。从一个方面揭示了红松这一古老种群自我维持的过程。     

红松幼树生长与上层阔叶树开敞度关系的研究

在红松人工林内,保留天然更新的多种阔叶树,是培育以红松为主的的阔叶红松林的极为重要的途径,也是培育高质量红松人工林的有效措施。许多研究证明,阔叶树与红松伴生不仅为红松生长塑造一个良好的环境,而且抑制早期结实,减少病虫灾害,减少早期分叉,从而有利于红松形成高大干材,提高经济效益。红松在成林以后,尤其是在10一15龄之后,需光量和对空间的要求日益增多,过密的阔叶树又成为抑制红松幼树生长的关健因子,     

长白山林区次生阔叶林冠下红松人工更新与培育技术

通过对长白山林区林隙环境、林隙对红松生长的影响及肛伐强度对阔叶树生长、红松更新的研究,为科学地确定上红松更佳的最佳上层郁闭度,提高林分生长量,确定红松采伐年龄,促进天然林保护工程的发展提供科学的依据和技术。     

红松苗木高生长与气象因子相关关系的研究

采用固定样方和定期观测的方法研究红松苗木高生长和气象因子之间的关系,并进行相关分析。结果表明:红松2 a生和3 a生苗木的高生长与气温、土壤温度和空气相对湿度之间有良好的相关关系,相关方程通式为:Y=a bX cX2,最小的相关系数R为0.86005。2 a生红松苗生长的适宜气温为17.5℃~22.5℃,地温为27.5℃~32.5℃,相对湿度为75.0%~80.0%;3a生红松苗生长的适宜气温为20.0℃~25.0℃,地温为27.5℃~32.5℃,相对湿度为77.5%~82.5%。     

Age structure of Tilia broad-leaved Korean pine forest on northern slope of Changbai Mountain

IntroductionAgestructureoftrees,whichreflcctsrcge11eratio11processandvelocity,meansquantityoftreesdividingbyage.Broad-leavedKoreanpineforestwastl1etypicalzol1alvegetationofChangbaiMountaininNortheastO1ina,anditwastheprimarygymnospermconununitysurvivedaftertheQuatemaryGlacierPeriod.Alotofcommunityinf`)r-mationaccumulatCdinthestr-uctllreofforeststandsa11dgrowingprocessofindividualtrees.So,athoroughstUdyonagestructureanditsdistributiol1ofbroad-leavedKore-anpine.forestwouldprovidetl1eoretical…     

Age structure ofTilia broad-leaved Korean pine forest on northern slope of Changbai Mountain

Based on a vast of field investigation on stamps inTilia broad-leaved Korean pine forest on northern slope of Changbai Mountain, age structure of some major species were studied in this paper. The results showed that Korean pine population was composed of grouped patches with different ages. There were not strict intervals among the dominated generations, and the curve of age structure often had two or more peaks. The distribution of broad-leaved species in natural Korean pine forest was grouped or scattered, and age distribution was also uneven-aged. There existed close relation between quality of broad-leaved species and Korean pine. So, it shaped multi-storied and uneven-aged mixed forest. The model of age structure and growth demonstrated their passive correlation, but growth became slow when woods had reached old age. The study was funded by the Opened Research Station of Changbai Mountain Forest Ecosystems, the Chinese Academy of Sciences. (Reponsible Editor: Chai Rulhai)     

基于“近自然林业”的红松林主要树种重要值的研究

以“近自然林业”为指导思想,对凉水自然保护区不同类型红松林主要树种的重要值进行了研究。结果表明：红松在天然林内并不占据优势地位;红松人工纯林内红松的重要值都很大,都大于同林分内的阔叶树主要树种的重要值之和;林隙透光抚育林内红松的重要值为107．98％,而其他几个阔叶树种色木、白桦、椴树和杨树的重要值相加为121．69％,主要树种中针叶树种和阔叶树种的比值接近1∶1,这种重要值的比率使整个林分的针阔比处于一种平衡的状态。     

泰顺县松类纯林改造技术研究

通过套种造林、封山育林、抚育改造等措施,将马尾松纯林改造成针阔混交林,以改变树种结构单一、地力日益衰退、病虫害逐年严重、林地灌木杂草丛生、火灾频繁发生、林分产量低下等状况。结果表明：在松林下套种阔叶树,可不同程度增加单位面积阔叶树数量,形成明显的层次结构,能充分利用林地中的营养空间,马尾松和阀叶树在各自不同层次生长范围...     

亚热带多优势种森林群落演替现状评判研究

亚热带多优势种常绿阔叶林演替过程,依第１优势种的耐荫,喜湿特性,可划分为６个阶段;（１）针叶林阶段;（２）以针叶树为主的针阔混交林阶段;（３）以阳生性阔叶树为主的针阔混交林阶段;（４）以阳生性树种为主的绿阔叶林,当中生性树种在成为第１优势树种表明演替已进入顶极阶段,此后,又以优势树种人布格局为依据,将顶极阶段分为第５、第６阶段;（５）未发衣完善的顶极阶段;（６）发育完善的顶极阶段。据此,判定本文所     

Growth models and site index table of natural Korean pine forests

IntroductionKoreanpine(PinuskOraiensisSieb.etZucc.)isoneofthemostimportanttimberspeciesanditisnaturaIIydistributedinHeilongjiang,JiIinandLiaon-ingprovincesinChina.ManyforestryresearchersmadeextensiveandprofoundstudiesonthisspeciesJiangYiyin(1985)studiedthegroWthandgrowthmodelsforpIantationsofKoreanpine.However,veryfewpaperswerefoundonthegroWthmodeIsofnaturalKoreanpineforest.Koreanpinehasa1onggroWthperiod.ForextensivelymanagingKoreanpineforest,itneedstheJorestrytabIeswithhighac-Curacy…     

SMALL-DIAMETER KOREAN PINES AND THEIR ROLES INNATURAL KOREAN PINE FOREST

lNTRODUCTloNKorcanpincforcst'asaclimaxofcastlnounta1nsinNortheast-isalt"a}simportantobjcctforforcstcrstostlld}.AIthougllman}'cxpcrtsllax'cn1assi\'cI}'stlldicdthcdy'nal11icsproccssofKorcanpincforest.thcstudlesinsolllcaspcctsstilIIackdcpth'ct'cnl1at'cgaps.Sillccslnall-dianlcterKorcanpincsplayaIinL-lllgIbrlllerandlattcrroIcinKorcanpincforcstd}'llaIl1icsproccss.tl1cstudicsaboutsn1all-dlan1ctcrKorcal1pil1cs-origlnatiol1'gro\Y1l1cllaractcrandthcirrclatiol1stostandstnICt1Ircundoubtcd1}oflbr…     

辽东山区不同森林类型土壤改良效益分析

辽宁东部山区是辽宁省浑河、太子河等主要河流的发源地和集水区,为辽宁省中南部工农业生产和人民生活用水提供保障。通过对该地区柞树林、杂木林、落叶松林、红松林、油松林等5种主要森林类型的林下枯落物层积累、土壤的物理化学性质等方面进行比较分析,研究结果表明:阔叶林在土壤改良、涵养水源方面较针叶林好,因此,在辽东山区营林时应多营建阔叶林或针阔混交林。     

Effect of microenvironmental quantitative regulation on growth of Korean pine trees planted under secondary forest

Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) and broadleaved mixed forest in Northeast China has been changed regressively into secondary forest with almost no conifers. Planting Korean pine trees under the canopy of secondary forest is a feasible approach for recovering Korean pine and broadleaved mixed forest. For establishing an effective growth promotion method for under-canopy planted young Korean pine trees, two stands were selected as the experiment plots, Stand A (planted in 1989) and Stand B (planted in 1982), and an experiment of microenvironment regulation was conducted relying mainly on Opening degree (K=1, K=1.5, K=2, CK) in 2004. The results were shown that the adjustment had promoted growth of diameter and height of Korean pine planted in Stand A and Stand B, and had a significant influence on the growth rate of basal diameter, diameter at breast height and height in the two growth stands. The four years periodic increment of mean diameter and height of Korean pine planted in 1989 and in 1982 after regulation in K=1 level were 63.4% (D₀) and 82.7% (H), 64.8% (D_1.3) and 69.7% (H) higher than that of control respectively. Quantitative regulation had significant influence on specific leaf area of Korean pine planted in 1989, and the current year specific leaf area (SLA) was lager than perennial year SLA. Quality indexes of natural pruning capacity, normal form quotient and crown size was not significantly changed but shown a positive tendency. The regulation scheme of Opening degree K=1 might be proper for adjusting the microenvironment of Korean pine trees planted under the canopy of secondary forest when the Korean pine trees were in the growth period of 15 to 26 years old in the experiment region.     

STUDY ON THE TREE GROWTH, ARCHITECTURE AND STAND STRUCTURE OF KOREAN PINE PLANTATION

lNTRODUCTIONTherhythInofKorcanpinegrowingandtrpearchitectUreissubjectedtoitsownl1crcd-ityandforeststructUre.Tl1cil11portantefTcctsofgapdynamicsarethereasonsthatmaketl1cKoreanpinetrceformhighqualityoftimbcr.Whilecurrentn1anagemcntofKoreanpincforestmainlyfocusesonpurestand,thccco-logicalrelationshipsbetWcenKoreanpineandothcrsPecicsinaconununityareneglected,thcprimitivebiologicalconditionislost.TheKo-reanpinetrecsinplantationcasilydivergeonthctOpofmainsten1,thesescverelyaITectthcgrOedqu…