疏浚绞刀挖掘粉土的产能与切削比能分析

不同的疏浚土质会影响绞吸挖泥船的绞刀产能，特别是密实度高、砂性较大、局部夹粉质黏土团块、混砂粒和黏粒的粉土，会造成绞刀挖掘困难。根据“天麒号”绞吸船挖掘稍密-密实粉土数据，进行挖掘产能与切削比能分析，建立了典型疏浚粉土特性指标、挖掘产能与切削比能的相关关系。结果表明，挖掘产能与粉土标准贯入击数存在二次多项式相关关系；切削比能与标准贯入击数存在指数关系。得出的生产率公式与实际工程监测数据吻合度较高，可为挖掘类似土质提供借鉴和参考。     

密实黏土的重塑与特性分析

在实际工程中，会遇到不同的疏浚土质和各种影响疏浚效率的土质，疏浚工程相关问题的解决都离不开对原状岩土特性的研究。针对国内外对各种疏浚土的重塑技术少有先例可循，阻碍了相关问题的研究。本文进行了密实黏土的重塑工艺研究和重塑土性能分析，并采用冲击夯实法进行密实处理，得到与天然状态密实黏土特性相拟合的重塑方法。结果显示：通过对土体的改良，使用冲击夯实法可实现不同塑性指数、密实程度和标贯击数的黏土重塑；并得到土体含水率和液性指数对密实度和标贯击数的影响趋势，为研究黏土的重塑技术提供借鉴和参考。     

高含水率疏浚淤泥流动固化处理试验研究

为高效处理高含水率疏浚淤泥,提出将高含水率疏浚淤泥进行流动固化处理,并对"固化土拌合物"的流动性和固化土强度进行了试验研究.结果表明,疏浚淤泥初始含水率、固化剂掺量、放置时间对"固化土拌合物"的流动性均有很大影响;同时试验亦表明疏浚淤泥固化土具有较高的抗压强度,添加磷石膏对水泥固化土具有明显的增强作用.     

天津港易堵管黏土物理力学指标及应用

基于天津港地区大量的易堵管黏土标准贯入试验和室内土工试验资料,应用数理统计方法,对易堵管黏土标准贯入击数与物理力学指标间的相关关系进行研究分析。结果表明:经验公式的回归系数均在0.8以上,具有较高的可靠性。研究结果经过可靠性分析验证后,为易堵管黏土通过原位测试指标来计算黏土的物理力学指标提供了可行的方法,该方法节约疏浚工程勘察费用,给类似的疏浚工程以借鉴,具有较高的实际应用价值。     

耙齿切削饱和硬质土的试验研究

自航耙吸挖泥船在疏浚饱和硬质土时,耙齿贯入困难,切削阻力大,使得疏浚浓度较低,极大地影响了施工效率和经济效益。为了更好地设计和优化切削过程,提高耙头的施工效率,通过模型试验的方法,综合考虑耙齿类型、负载、航速、不同位置高压冲水等因素的影响,研究不同工况下的原型耙齿切削过程,探讨切削阻力、切削深度、切削宽度等与这些因素之间的关系。结果表明：饱和硬质土切削过程中,纯机械切削的作用有限,且切削阻力很大;只有辅以各种高压冲水,才能大幅增加切削深度,显著降低切削阻力。该模型试验的成果可直接用于指导耙头的优化设计和对现有耙头的改进,以进一步提高耙头疏浚饱和硬质土的施工效率。     

基于硬质黏土切削理论的耙齿切削阻力分析

耙头在挖掘硬质黏土时,耙齿切削阻力较大,需要匹配的主机负荷也相应增加,使得工程经济性降低.为了分析硬质黏土切削过程中耙齿切削阻力的大小及变化趋势,优化耙头设计和使用工艺,对一定含水率和标贯击数的硬质黏土进行多工况下耙齿水平和垂直切削阻力计算.通过计算模型对2种耙齿切削过程中土体破坏长度和宽度进行计算.结果表明:硬质黏土...     

天津港区土质附着力与物理力学指标关系及应用案例

从天津港区易糊刀具黏性土质特性出发,指出决定易糊刀具黏性土质的附着力关键指标为含水率、塑性指数和凝聚力。基于大量的易糊刀具土质室内土工试验资料,应用数理统计方法,对附着力与关键指标含水率、塑性指数和凝聚力之间的相关关系进行了研究分析。结果表明:1)附着力、含水率和塑性指数经验公式的回归系数均在0.8以上,具有较高可靠性;2)天津港航道区域在天然状态下的黏性土质附着力约为塑性指数的3倍。针对具体黏性土质疏浚施工案例,经过附着力和关键指标值的比对,判断出挖掘该状态黏性土具有糊刀具的可能性。     

疏浚土的附着力特性试验研究

土的附着力是港航疏浚工程中一项重要技术指标,它可为抓挖机械的选取及其操作技术提供合理建议,为航道、港池等开挖工程以及吹填工程提供设计与施工参数,但目前对其研究仍处初步阶段。通过对7种典型疏浚土进行物性试验与附着力试验,从土力学角度关联土的物理指标与附着力,从土质学角度探讨土的粘附机理。结果表明,土的黏粒含量越高,附着力越大。随着含水率的增加,附着力逐渐增大,当含水率接近液限时附着力达到峰值,此后逐渐减小。附着力的产生与变化机理主要是由于结合水性质与含量发生变化,进而引起接触物—水—土—电解质系统吸附力与解离力的产生、发展、平衡、破坏所导致。研究还表明,该区土在天然含水率状态下土的附着力在数值上约为其塑性指数的5倍。疏浚工程中,淤泥厚度大地区,可采取冲水条件下开挖;含较多砾、砂、粉的土体可采取增加排水措施,用以提高掘进与排泥速率。     

基于切削理论的砂土土质特性与挖掘生产率关系

挖泥船施工效率预估是保障工程效益的重要基础。针对绞吸船产量预测困难的问题,基于切削比能理论模型,建立绞吸船挖掘砂土生产率预测模型,确定挖掘砂土主要影响因素,并结合工程实例进行验证。结果表明：标准贯入击数是影响砂土切削理论比能的关键因素。通过实际工程建立的砂土标准贯入击数与挖掘生产率数学模型,能够较好地对砂土挖掘生产率进行预测。研究成果对绞吸船挖掘砂土理论研究或现场施工具有一定指导和借鉴意义。     

珊瑚土地基抗剪强度交流与探讨

本文立足工程实践,从无黏性粒状土的摩擦强度机理出发,分析了珊瑚土的摩擦强度分量,明确了松散的珊瑚土具有高的摩擦强度的原因,对国内外已有的一些针对珊瑚土摩擦强度的研究资料进行了分析和对比,提出了在珊瑚土研究和工程实践中存在的不足和开展工作的方向。通过分析标准贯入试验的力学模型,提出了建立珊瑚土的抗剪强度和标准贯入击数经验关系的思路,并探索建立了经验关系,并对工程实践中珊瑚土地基抗剪强度的取值提出了建议。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.