粗细粒级差异化给矿对浮选柱选别性能的影响

粗细粒级矿物具有不同的浮选特性,浮选柱主要应用于精选作业的细粒级矿物分选,对粗颗粒矿物回收率较低,限制了浮选柱的应用。在泡沫层分选理论的基础上,以纯石英矿物(纯度大于99%)为代表矿样,将其分成150~280μm和-15μm粗细粒级两个组分,采用Ф100 mm×2 000 mm浮选柱开展试验考察粗细粒级差异化给矿对选别性能的影响。在一个试验中将粗细粒级矿物混合给入浮选柱泡沫层之下进行常规浮选,在另一个试验中将粗细粒级矿物差异化给入浮选柱泡沫层之上和泡沫层以下分别进行泡沫层分选和常规浮选。试验对比结果表明,粗细粒级差异化给矿提高了浮选柱精矿回收率,对粗颗粒矿物回收效果提升更为显著。     

The flotation of slime-fine fractions of Mt. Keith pentlandite ore in de-ionised and saline water

In this work, the flotation of slime-fine fractions of Mt. Keith pentlandite ore was studied in de-ionised water, and bore water with high ionic strength. Compared with de-ionised water, bore water increased pentlandite flotation significantly while decreasing serpentine flotation. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was tested as a dispersant to improve pentlandite flotation in both de-ionised and bore water. The degree of substitute (DS) of CMC, an indication of the charge density, was found to be an important parameter. In de-ionised water, the higher the DS of CMC, the better the pentlandite flotation, while in bore water, the lower the DS of CMC, the better the pentlandite flotation.     

某白钨矿选矿试验研究

针对某富含高钙脉石白钨矿石的特点,采用粗磨重选产出粗粒钨精矿,重选尾矿再磨后与细泥合并进行常温浮选-加温浮选产出细粒钨精矿的工艺流程,获得了重选精矿WO₃品位68.93%、回收率82.71%,浮选精矿WO₃品位66.7% 、回收率9.34％,综合精矿WO₃品位68.7％、回收率高达92.05％的优良试验结果。     

提高某超级铁精矿制备过程中的反浮选回收率

以安徽某粉末冶金公司超级铁精矿生产线所用普通铁精矿为原料,将其再磨、弱磁再选后进行生产超级铁精矿的反浮选试验,通过添加调整剂Na₂CO₃、水玻璃、淀粉来解决现场单纯使用十二胺引起的反浮选回收率偏低问题,并探讨通过提高矿浆浓度来提高反浮选的生产效率。试验结果表明：将2 000 g/t Na₂CO₃、200 g/t水玻璃、100 g/t淀粉与130 g/t十二胺配合使用,在24%矿浆浓度下,反浮选所获超级铁精矿的作业回收率可由单纯使用十二胺时的44.61%（对原料为43.44%）提高到89.58%（对原料为89.27%）;将矿浆浓度提高到28%,可使反浮选处理能力提高16.68%,而作业铁回收率仍达87.69%（对原料为87.38%）。     

马达加斯加某三水铝土矿磨矿浮选脱硅工艺试验研究

铝土矿试验矿样来自马达加斯加Sofia地区,Al₂O₃含量为32.06%,SiO₂含量为34.06%。矿石中含铝矿物主要为三水铝石;含硅矿物主要为石英,其次为高岭石。三水铝石以微晶聚合体形式存在,微细粒的其他矿物以包体形式嵌布在其中,矿样粒级越细聚合体中杂质矿物含量越高。矿样中-0.028 mm粒级产率约占30%,高杂质含量的三水铝石聚合体占比超过95%,反浮选或正浮选几乎没有脱硅效果。石英的嵌布粒度集中于0.1～0.8 mm,原矿矿样常规破碎磨矿产品中SiO₂在0.074 mm以上粗粒级富集,富含石英矿物的矿粒过粗,采用反浮选无法脱除。研究提出了便于工业化实施的脱泥、分级、分别磨矿合并反浮选工艺流程,未破碎原矿矿样用2 mm的筛子筛分,+2 mm粒级矿样单独破碎磨矿,-2 mm粒级矿样脱泥、沉砂单独磨矿,两种磨矿产品合并进入反浮选脱硅,获得铝硅比大于10、Al₂O₃回收率大于40%的精矿。     

六偏磷酸钠在镍黄铁矿/蛇纹石浮选体系的作用研究

通过矿物浮选试验、动电位测试及Zeta电位分布、扫描电镜观测等研究手段,考察了六偏磷酸钠在蛇纹石/镍黄铁矿浮选分离体系中的作用,分析了六偏磷酸钠对矿物颗粒间的分散作用机理.结果表明,在镍黄铁矿/蛇纹石浮选体系中,蛇纹石的存在降低了镍黄铁矿的回收率,而加入六偏磷酸钠使镍黄铁矿的浮选环境得到改善,回收率上升.机理研究表明:...     

Two-liquid flotation of sulphides: An electrochemical approach

The roles of pulp potential, collector and depressants on the flotation of pyrite, chalcopyrite and galena were studied by using two-liquid flotation technique. The potential was adjusted by reducing (Na₂S and Na₂S₂O₄) and oxidizing (H₂O₂) agents. Cyanide and chromate were employed as depressants and potassium amyl xanthate was used as sulphydryl type collector. Pyrite and chalcopyrite showed collectorless flotation, while all three minerals were floatable when reduced with Na₂S. Flotation of pyrite and chalcopyrite with and without collector took place in the same potential region whereas galena was floatable with collector to more reducing potentials. Depression with cyanide was potential dependent whereas with chromate it was not.     

硫铜钴矿浮选行为研究

对硫铜钴矿纯矿物在采用不同药剂条件下的浮选行为进行了研究。试验表明,丁基黄药对硫铜钴矿捕收作用较好,适当增加起泡剂松醇油用量可提高硫铜钴矿浮选回收率。矿浆pH值对硫铜钴矿可浮性存在影响,当pH值为8.19时回收率最低,pH值为10.88时回收效果最佳。调整剂Na2S、NaHS在硫铜钴矿浮选中均表现出低用量活化、高用量抑制效果,总体而言NaHS活化效果要优于Na2S,电位测试表明相同质量浓度的NaHS比Na2S对矿浆电位的影响更大。     

贵州某高铝硅赤铁矿石选矿试验

贵州某贫赤铁矿石属典型的高硅铝、低硫磷赤铁矿石,铁矿物嵌布粒度微细,常规选矿工艺难以获得合格铁精矿。为开发利用该大型贫赤铁矿石资源,对该矿石进行了选择性絮凝沉降脱泥-反浮选提铁降杂试验研究。结果表明,在磨矿细度为-0.045 mm占88%的情况下,经2次絮凝沉降脱泥,1粗1精1扫、中矿顺序返回闭路反浮选流程处理,可获得铁品位为61.20%,SiO₂和Al₂O₃含量分别为6.30%和2.58%,铁回收率为66.48%的铁精矿,该流程与常规还原焙烧-弱磁选流程比较,具有显著的流程简单、能耗和生产成本低的特点。     

不同磨矿分级方式对长石矿分选效果的影响

本溪长石矿含有褐铁矿、伊利石、金红石等杂质矿物,为提高该长石品级,开展了不同磨矿分级方式的选矿研究。通过考察实验室磨矿、连续磨矿-螺旋闭路分级、连续磨矿-高频细筛闭路分级3种磨矿方式,磨矿细度为-0.074mm 52%时,将3种磨矿试样以强磁选-浮选流程杂质并分离石英。结果表明:连续磨矿-高频细筛方式的粒度组成较好,其筛下试样能取得更好的分选效果,最终得到产率为50.64%,Na2O含量为11.04%,收率为70.25%的长石精矿,为该长石矿工程化生产提供了依据。     

云南楚雄某低品位混合铜矿浮选试验研究

云南楚雄某铜矿含铜0.46%,氧化率达14.91%,属于低品位混合铜矿。工艺矿物学研究结果表明有价矿物中铜以黄铜矿、斑铜矿、孔雀石和硅孔雀石的形式存在,脉石矿物以石英为主,白云石、方解石次之。矿物结构以中粒浸染为主,粗磨即可实现铜矿物的有效解离。通过对单因素(磨矿细度、丁黄药用量、硫化钠用量、二号油用量)条件试验的研究,获得粗选最佳条件为：磨矿细度70%-200目,硫化剂硫化钠用量200g/t,捕收剂丁黄药用量125g/t,二号油用量20g/t。在增加两次精选一次扫选的基础上进行全流程闭路试验获得铜精矿含铜Cu 22.10%,回收率83.12%的较好指标。     

An evaluation of the role of particle size in the flotation of coal using different cell technologies

A large variety of new flotation cells has been introduced in the last few years, probably as a result of the successful introduction of column flotation in the minerals processing industry. In common with the column cell, a number of these new cells employ an essentially quiescent separation zone. However, a number of novel cell designs have been introduced that use agitation mechanisms similar to those employed on conventional flotation cells. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate flotation behaviour in both an agitated and non-agitated environment, particularly with respect to particle size. A hybrid ‘agitated’ column cell was designed for the investigation, and the operation of this unit was compared to that of a column cell, and to a batch flotation cell, on a laboratory scale. The testwork was conducted on coal fines, as problems with the flotation of coarse coal particles in a column cell had previously been identified. It was demonstrated that the addition of an agitated stage to a column cell can significantly improve the coarse particle recovery in comparison to the conventional column cell, while maintaining good selectivity in the fine sizes.     

Study on Cu2S mineral surface modification by low temperature Ar/O2 plasmas

The oxidation of mineral and synthetic chalcocite (Cu₂S), using low temperature plasmas, has been investigated and compared to thermodynamic calculations. The main aim of this work is to understand the fundamental interaction between mineral surfaces and low temperature plasmas, with a view to improving froth flotation by mineral pretreatments. Capacitive radio frequency (RF) discharge Ar/O₂ plasmas, operating at different external parameters, have been used to treat powder samples, which resulted in surface modifications. These were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). In situ mass spectrometry (MS) was used to determine oxidation reaction rates. The energy flux density from the plasma on the sample surface was determined by active thermal probe measurements, and the density of atomic oxygen produced within the plasma zone was obtained by optical emission spectroscopy (OES). Sulfur dioxide (SO₂), one reaction product of mineral Cu₂S plasma oxidation, was emitted with a certain delay, which depends on energy flux density and atomic oxygen density. In contrast, no delay was found as synthetic Cu₂S was treated. This indicates that the contamination by pyrite (FeS₂), found in mineral samples, plays an important role, significantly influencing the mechanisms of plasma surface interaction. Comparisons of mass spectrometry (MS)-, XPS- and XRD-measurement results with thermodynamic calculations give evidence for a stepwise plasma processing, whereas the transition of sulfur atoms from FeS₂ to Cu₂S could be identified as a first step in forming cupric sulfate ( CuSO₄). This effect might be used to develop selective plasma surface pretreatments for mineral mixtures in order to improve their separation efficiency of froth flotation.     

Flotation separation of copper sulphides from arsenic minerals at Rosebery copper concentrator

The removal of arsenic bearing minerals from concentrates is becoming more important as environmental laws become ever stricter with regard to smelter emissions. The onus is shifting to concentrate producers to remove these minerals from their product, with penalties applying to materials containing greater than background amounts.The arsenic content of Rosebery copper flotation feed is mainly present as arsenopyrite (FeAsS), containing approximately 46.0% arsenic with the remainder of the arsenic in copper sulphosalts (tennantite (Cu₁₂As₄S₁₃)), in a solid solution series with tetrahedrite (Cu₁₂Sb₄S₁₃). Tennantite contains approximately 20.3% arsenic. Characterisation of the rougher and cleaner concentrates obtained during a plant survey showed that the arsenopyrite was appropriately rejected in the copper flotation circuit. However, tennantite showed similar flotation behaviour to the copper sulphide minerals so that the high arsenic content of the final copper concentrate was mainly in the copper sulphosalts. In this study, regrinding the copper rougher concentrate was investigated to reject tennantite in cleaner flotation. It was found that although finer grinding increased the mass fraction in the ultrafine fraction, the tennantite liberation only increased slightly. The copper selectivity against arsenic was improved significantly although the recovery of copper, silver and arsenic was lower. The difference in floatability of copper sulphide minerals and tennantite appears to increase at finer sizes. In this study, pH and Eh were also manipulated to further improve the selectivity of copper flotation against tennantite at fine particle sizes with some promise. In order to find an application in the Rosebery circuit, any changes must have a net economic benefit and the trade-offs and implications are discussed in this paper.     

CCF逆流接触充气式浮选柱在冬瓜山铜矿选矿中的试验研究

针对冬瓜山铜矿铜精选系统存在的原矿品位较低或矿石中蛇纹石等易浮脉石含量增多时,现有工艺难以产出合格铜精矿(品位小于20%)的问题,结合CCF浮选柱的分选原理及分选优势,进行了两个阶段的CCF浮选柱铜精选的半工业试验。半工业试验结果表明,在冬瓜山铜矿粗精矿(品位大于10%)的生产条件下,采用浮选柱一次精选即可分选出铜精矿品位大于21%的铜精矿产品,且选别指标要优于现场生产,浮选柱选别出的精矿中贵金属金和银的含量比现场铜精矿中的分别高0.5和12.7 g/t,CCF浮选柱对细粒级矿物具有很好的选别效果,适合用于冬瓜山铜矿铜精选作业,且能在提高铜精矿品位的同时实现资源的高效回收利用。     

A comparison of pyrrhotite rejection and passivation in two nickel ores

The non-stoichiometric sulfide mineral pyrrhotite (Fe1-xS) occurs almost ubiquitously inter-grown with the principal nickel mineral, pentlandite ((Fe,Ni)9S8). During Ni processing, pyrrhotite is generally rejected to the tailings stream by flotation to produce a low tonnage, high grade (Ni) smelter feed and reduce SO₂ emissions. In this study, the effect of different pyrrhotite flotation rejection strategies (artificial oxidation and TETA: SMBS addition) are evaluated on a magnetic (Ore A) and non-magnetic (Ore B) pyrrhotite ore to determine if either may effectively depress and potentially passivate the pyrrhotite surface during flotation to produce benign tailings without compromising pentlandite recovery. For both ores, the best pyrrhotite rejection (pentlandite/pyrrhotite recovery) was obtained using TETA: SMBS. Differences in the flotation performance of the two ores are considered more a function of BMS content, liberation and ore handling rather than a difference in sulfide passivation from the inherent pyrrhotite mineralogy (magnetic vs non-magnetic pyrrhotite). Pyrrhotite passivation could possibly provide a means of rendering the tailings non-reactive and thus mitigate acid rock drainage (ARD) formation.     

浮选回收宜昌磷矿重介质分选产生的微细级低品位胶磷矿

为了有效回收宜昌磷矿重介质分选所产生的低品位微细粒级胶磷矿,提高资源的利用率。对此微细粒级低品位胶磷矿,进行了多元素分析以及粒度分析,据分析此磷矿-0.045mm的粒级含量达到94%以上,原矿的P2O5品位仅为15.62%,MgO含量4.30%,SiO2的含量为24.46%,该磷矿属于微细粒级硅钙质低品位胶磷矿,因此要提高此矿的品位,需采用低矿浆浓度正反浮选浮选试验。试验结果表明,在矿浆浓度为 24 %,采用正浮选一粗一扫两精联合反浮一粗一扫的工艺流程,获得了最终磷精矿P2O5品位29．09％、MgO含量0.82％、回收率78．01％的选矿指标。有效回收了宜昌磷矿重介质分选所产生的低品位微细粒级胶磷矿,减少了宜昌磷矿资源的损失率。      

高硅铝土矿正浮选两段脱硅试验研究

本文以云南鲁甸高硅低铝硅比型铝土矿为研究对象,通过正浮选阶段磨矿阶段选别、两段脱硅工艺流程获得了较好的铝土矿精矿,浮选指标良好。原矿含Al2O360.78%、Si O220.84%,铝硅比(A/S)为2.92,主要脉石矿物为白云母、石英等。通过在粗磨条件下进行一段浮选脱硅,粗精矿再磨再选后进行二段浮选脱硅,产出合格精矿。粗精矿再磨后进行五次精选,闭路试验获得精矿产率为64.74%、Al2O370.83%,Si O28.40%、A/S为8.43、Al2O3回收率为75.83%的良好指标。     

高铝高硅铝土矿重选—浮选联合分级脱硅研究

我国有大量高硅铝土矿资源,单一重选或浮选法往往难以高效且经济地回收铝土矿。本文以云南昭通地区一水硬铝石型高铝高硅铝土矿为研究对象,其含Al_2O_367.25%、SiO_213.50%、铝硅比(A/S)4.98,针对性地采用重选—浮选联合分级脱硅流程,即粗粒级螺旋溜槽重选脱硅富集,细粒级螺溜尾矿水力旋流器脱泥后再浮选脱硅,分别产出合格的粗粒重选精矿和细粒浮选精矿,获得产率70.62%、含Al_2O_371.62%、回收率75.43%、A/S 8.02的高品质铝土矿总精矿。本研究提出的重选—浮选联合分级脱硅工艺对类似高铝高硅铝土矿资源的经济高效选矿富集具有指导意义。     

鞍山地区红铁矿选矿技术研究

按矿物组成、结构构造、矿物嵌布粒度、原矿品位对鞍山地区东鞍山铁矿石、齐大山铁矿石的资源特点进行了分析。介绍了鞍山地区过去应用和现在改进的连续磨矿、单一碱性正浮选工艺，阶段磨矿、重选-磁选-酸性正浮选工艺，焙烧-磁选工艺，连续磨矿、弱磁-强磁-阴离子反浮选工艺，阶段磨矿、粗细分级、重选-磁选-阴离子反浮选工艺，并分析了上述各个工艺流程的特点，对鞍山地区红铁矿下-步选矿技术进步提出建议。