高等教育研究与高等教育期刊的作用

本文旨在阐明高等教育期刊在传播高等教育研究成果中所起的作用。首先 ,简要介绍了高等教育研究的现状 ,主要是欧美国家有关高等教育研究的定义、性质的各种观点 ,以及欧美高等教育研究的差异。其次 ,重点介绍了欧洲主要的高等教育期刊以及其他高等教育研究出版物的情况及各自的特点。最后 ,从作者、编者、读者三个不同的角度剖析了高等教育期刊对于传播高等教育研究成果所发挥的作用     

高等教育的学科化研究与多学科研究

中国高等教育研究的认识论中存在着“学科论”与“领域论”的学科属性之争,由此导致高等教育的学科化研究和高等教育的多学科研究两种研究方法。高等教育的学科化研究直指高等教育学学科建设,而高等教育的多学科研究则被高等教育理论和实践证明是行之有效的方法,是目前高等教育研究的主流范式。两种研究方法各有其效用,但缺陷和不足也十分明显。在“学科论”和“领域论”两种观点在未来一段时间内仍将存在的情况下,如何厘清高等教育的学科化研究与多学科研究之间的关系是高等教育研究不断创新的关键所在。     

Engineering education research in European Journal of Engineering Education and Journal of Engineering Education: citation and reference discipline analysis

The authors, citations and content of European Journal of Engineering Education (EJEE) and Journal of Engineering Education (JEE) in 1973 (JEE, 1975 EJEE), 1983, 1993, 2003, and available 2013 issues were analysed. Both journals transitioned from house organs to become engineering education research (EER) journals, although JEE transitioned first. In this process the number of citations rose, particularly of education and psychology sources; the percentage of research articles increased markedly as did the number of reference disciplines. The number of papers per issue, the number of single author papers, and the citations of science and engineering sources decreased. EJEE has a very broad geographic spread of authors while JEE authors are mainly US based. A ‘silo’ mentality where general engineering education researchers do not communicate with EER researchers in different engineering disciplines is evident. There is some danger that EER may develop into a silo that does not communicate with technically oriented engineering professors.     

Recognition and influence: the evolution of higher education research and development

Higher Education Research & Development (HERD) was established to address a perceived gap in higher education publishing: research of interest to practitioners that was engagingly written. After 30 years of contributing to the field, HERD has constructed a unique position for itself among higher education journals. This paper reviews the general patterns and tendencies demonstrated through the citation practices of authors in the first five years of HERD and it compares them with the ideas used to support arguments about higher education research in more recent articles published in the journal. By comparing the results of this review with citation practices in similar journals of higher education, the study suggests that HERD continues to attract practitioner researchers responding to the changing social and epistemological landscape of higher education. The paper concludes that HERD has been instrumental in consolidating the concepts of the field in a way that has accommodated a large number of authors who only occasionally engage in higher education research. This, in turn, has led to the emergence of a distinctive literature about higher education teaching and learning.     

高等教育多学科研究中的一些认识问题

高等教育的多学科研究虽然被高等教育理论和实践证明是行之有效的方法,也为大量的研究者所运用,但在开展多学科研究的原因和实际做法上存在着很多误区。这些误区的存在影响着多学科研究的顺利进行,并进而威胁到高等教育研究的进展和理论的成熟。澄清这些误区,有助于更好地理解和运用高等教育的多学科研究方法。     

多学科研究与高等教育学学科建设

学科是高等教育研究领域的重要范畴 ,但高等教育学本身却不是一门成熟的学科。在这种情况下 ,高等教育研究面临着学科建设的重任。在整个社会科学界大声疾呼“开放社会科学”、“重建社会科学”的今天 ,高等教育学学科建设的取向至关重要。展望未来 ,将高等教育学建设成为一个真正的多学科研究领域 ,将是高等教育学学科建设走向成熟的第一步     

多学科高等教育研究的整合性机制

多学科研究被认为是高等教育研究独特的方法论。然而,对于多学科研究的性质及其局限性,长期以来少有关注。高等教育研究者根据各自的理解、兴趣和能力运用多学科方法开展各自的研究,其多学科研究长期处在单纯借用其他学科的观点说明高等教育问题的初级阶段。这一方面使得多学科研究的效用受到削弱,另一方面带来一些背离高等教育研究目标的问题。多学科研究的整合性机制旨在将多学科研究由初级阶段推向高级阶段,使高等教育研究更好地为高等教育理论和实践服务。     

Positivity bias in higher education research

Many forms of bias have been identified in higher education research, and in educational and social research in general. This article identifies a further form of bias, positivity bias, and places it in this broader context. Positivity bias is the tendency, in some forms of published higher education research, to only or chiefly report examples of initiatives or innovations that worked and received positive evaluations. Empirical evidence of positivity bias, in the form of an analysis of a sample of published articles from selected higher education journals, is presented and discussed. Suggestions as to the causes of positivity bias and how it might be handled are presented.     

略论高等教育中的问题研究

问题是现实存在与认知和理想状态之间的冲突,问题意识的形成是认识主体与外界交互建构的过程。问题研究是指基于问题解决的研究,其过程可分为提出问题、分析问题、提出问题解决方案以及追踪方案实施。增进高等教育问题研究的意识和能力,需要直面对象、确认前提和慎对常识。     

Higher education journals: their characteristics and contribution

The study of higher education journals – that is, refereed academic journals wholly focused on higher education – reveals much about the field of higher education research. This analysis identified 86 such journals published in the English language, considering their focus, ownership, location, orientation, age, size and ranking. From this analysis, a shorter list of 28 key journals is identified. It is argued that, given the scale of the contribution being made to higher education research – for example, the 86 journals between them published over 16,000,000 words in 2016, with this total increasing year on year – it may be time to spend more effort on synthesising and disseminating what we have already learnt, rather than, or before, undertaking fresh research.     

试论高校体育课中的探究式教学

高校体育课实施探究式教学,其效果明显优于传统教学法。体育课探究式教学改变了传统教学法统一化和单一化的单向传习模式,其基本教学程序应为:创设情境,提出问题;搜集资料和信息;引出假设,进行实验探究,论证;整合、归纳、迁移、应用。     

国外高等职业教育发展模式探析

在高等职业教育的发展过程中，国外高等职业教育的发展模式主要包括四个层面，即：高等职业教育与普通高等教育发展的关系模式；高等职业教育的院校发展模式；高等职业教育发展的办学模式和高等职业教育发展的管理模式。     

高等教育学的未来:来自妇女学的启示

作为兴起于20世纪60、70年代的跨学科领域,妇女学的历史与高等教育学有许多相似之处。二者的兴起均得益于高等教育的发展与改革,以多学科研究起家,进而强调一种跨学科的研究,并最终凭借不懈的努力在大学里成功获得建制。不过,比较吊诡的是,高等教育学虽然是源于"大学研究它自己"而诞生的一门新学科,但在今天妇女学对于整个大学改革的影响却远比高等教育学的影响要大。究其根本,妇女学在学术目标设定、制度基础构建等方面都较高等教育学要略胜一筹。     

高等职业教育和普通高等教育的差异分析

高等职业教育既具有高等教育的特点,又具有职业教育的特点,无论是在培养目标、培养模式还是在教学管理等方面,与普通高等教育都有明显的差异。     

论高等教育研究的特性与学科归属

高等教育研究有无自己的特性问题关涉到高等教育学的学科地位如何.事实上,高等教育研究不仅拥有教育的基本属性,而且具有自己的独特属性,这表现为它在研究目标上具有终极性,在研究过程上具有复合性,在研究课题层次上具有更强的宏观性,在研究行为上具有自组织性,在研究结果呈现方式上具有自明性等特点.这些特性最终决定了高等教育研究的学科归属,即高等教育研究既是社会科学研究,又是应用科学研究,同时还是综合科学研究.     

Significant signs: a case study of citation practices in educational research

Citations have a central role in the dynamic process of knowledge development and as measures of research performance – yet little is known about their role in educational research or the qualities they are assumed to measure. Based on a citation context analysis, this study shows how a paradigmatic reference within classroom research has been used in 90 articles in educational research journals. Four types of content and four citation functions were identified in the immediate context of the citation symbols. Surprisingly, no critical citations or discussions of the validity of the cited study were found. The results are discussed in relation to the conditions for communication within a field without disciplinary cohesion.     

社会科学方法论与高等教育研究

在自然科学、社会科学与人文科学这种知识分类框架下,教育学的学科地位非常尴尬。从早期的“(自然)科学化”、到后来的“人文化”,再到晚近的“社会科学化”,教育学的学科性质始终变动不居。作为教育学的分支学科,高等教育研究面临同样的困境。本文认为高等教育研究若要从根本上提升自身的学术地位,成为真正意义上独立的学术性学科,积极引入社会科学方法论是极其关键的一步。     

论高深知识与高等教育

Advanced knowledge is the basis for higher education, but less research on higher education deals with it. The essay elaborates on the major point in several ways: first, the practice-oriented higher education research tends to ignore advanced knowledge; secondly, higher education shall never turn a blind eye to advanced knowledge due to their close relation; thirdly, the paper presents a tentative discussion over the external and internal characteristics of advanced knowledge. The research on advanced knowledge can not only provide better support for the reform of higher education, but also has great significance in perfecting the present theoretical system of higher education. __________ Translated from Beijing Daxue Jiaoyu Pinglun 北京大学教育评论 (Peking University Education Review), 2006, (4): 2–8     

高等教育作为一门学科

高等教育是一门学科,还是一个研究领域,长期以来争议颇多。高等教育能否作为一门学科,应根据历史的经验,参照学科制度化的标准,透过现象看本质。无论名称如何———称为研究领域或是称为"学科",世界范围内,高等教育已处在学科制度化的进程之中。     

论高等学校的扩招

高等教育由精英化向大众化乃到论过渡,这是高等教育发展的必然趋势,中国的高等教育相对落后,因此扩招是必然之选择,高校扩招对国家、社会、学校、家庭及至个人均有诸多裨益,面对高校扩招所带来的诸多问题与困境,我们要积极地探求解决问题的思路。