合肥滨湖新区软土物理力学特性相关性分析

基于合肥滨湖新区百余组软土的土工试验成果,对该地区软土的物理力学指标进行统计,并利用MATLAB软件对各物理力学参数之间进行相关分析,得到了各指标间的相关关系式。结果表明:合肥滨湖新区软土具有高含水率、高孔隙比、高压缩性及低抗剪强度等典型的软土特征;孔隙比与天然含水量、压缩系数与天然含水量、重力密度与天然含水量、压缩系数与孔隙比具有很好的线性关系,而含水量与黏聚力、内摩擦角之间具有非线性关系。     

软土物理力学参数的关联性分析

以江苏某典型软土为研究对象,通过对大量实验数据的统计分析,系统地对软土的天然孔隙比与天然含水量、塑性指数与液限、天然孔隙比与压缩系数、塑性指数与粒径小于0.002 mm的颗粒含量,以及粘聚力和内摩擦角与含水量的关系进行统计分析,建立了软土土性参数的关联公式,为软土地区工程参数的取值提供了依据。     

管沟渗水下的黄土地基水分场数值分析

基于实际工程管沟漏水的情况,考虑黄土地基土体初始含水量、孔隙比、管沟内积水压力等因素影响,给出了二维非饱和黄土地基管沟入渗的有限元计算模型,确定了模型参数,并编制软件对管沟渗水下的黄土地基水分场进行了计算分析.结果表明,土体孔隙比越大,初始含水量越大,入渗速度越快,地基增湿区域越大,但随着增湿区域的增大,入渗水量扩散作...     

南京地区土体热物理性质测试与分析

通过对南京地区大量黏土和粉质黏土样品的比热容值和导热值的测试，分析土体热物理性质与其含水量、孔隙比的相关关系。对影响土体比热容值、导热值的因素作了详细分析，提出根据土体含水量计算土体比热容和根据含水量、孔隙比值计算土体热导率的经验计算公式。     

饱和粉土含水量及孔隙比TDR原位测试研究

为克服岩土工程勘察中饱和粉土的取样和送样过程中产生的震动及水分损失对其原始含水量及孔隙比的影响,通过建立土体介电常数与孔隙比及含水量的关系,采用TDR测试方法,实现对不同深度饱和粉土的含水量及孔隙比的原位测试.经与室内土工试验结果相比较,表明TDR方法测试结果可靠,且测试速度快、对土层扰动小,是一种值得推广的原位测试手...     

长江下游水下粉质黏土工程特性研究

基于大量的土工试验,对长江下游苏通大桥工程区水下粉质黏土的工程特性进行研究,发现粉质黏土的不同指标的变异系数差别较大.土颗粒比重、天然密度、饱和度的变异系数较小,天然含水量、天然孔隙比、液限的变异系数一般,塑限、压缩模量、压缩系数、黏聚力、内摩擦角、标贯击数等的变异系数较大;液限与天然含水量不存在相关关系,塑限与天然含水量的相关性较好,而天然孔隙比与天然含水量、天然密度的相关性很好;压缩模量、压缩系数与天然孔隙比、天然含水量、天然密度的相关性较好,相关系数达0.87以上;压缩系数与液限不存在相关关系,但压缩系数与塑限存在相关关系,相关系数为0.611 09.结果表明,对大量试验数据的统计分析是研究土工程特性的重要方法.     

电渗作用下软土细观孔隙结构

软土细观孔隙结构变化是其宏观变形的根本原因。为了探索电渗中软土细观孔隙结构变化以及与宏观变形之间的关联机制,采用杭州软土开展电渗试验,监测了电渗中土体孔隙结构分布特征和含水量,从定性和定量两个方面对试验结果进行分析。研究发现,电渗过程中,粘土颗粒重新排列形成面面接触的片堆结构,土体孔隙比降低,孔隙空间形态变光滑,结构复杂性减弱。通过含水量计算所得孔隙比较实测孔隙比小,说明电渗排水量大于土体收缩量,这是因为,电渗本质为离子带动水分子的迁移,不能直接引起土骨架压缩。实际工程中,电渗法应与堆载、真空预压等联合使用。     

长江下游水下粉质黏土工程特性研究

基于大量的土工试验,对长江下游苏通大桥工程区水下粉质黏土的工程特性进行研究,发现粉质黏土的不同指标的变异系数差别较大。土颗粒比重、天然密度、饱和度的变异系数较小,天然含水量、天然孔隙比、液限的变异系数一般,塑限、压缩模量、压缩系数、黏聚力、内摩擦角、标贯击数等的变异系数较大;液限与天然含水量不存在相关关系,塑限与天然含水量的相关性较好,而天然孔隙比与天然含水量、天然密度的相关性很好;压缩模量、压缩系数与天然孔隙比、天然含水量、天然密度的相关性较好,相关系数达0.87以上;压缩系数与液限不存在相关关系,但压缩系数与塑限存在相关关系,相关系数为0.611 09。结果表明,对大量试验数据的统计分析是研究土工程特性的重要方法。     

基于分形理论的非饱和土结构吸力定量计算

已有的研究成果表明,非饱和土强度和变形特性在很大程度上是由结构吸力决定的。本文在可变结构吸力初步表达式的基础上,借鉴分形理论中的有关概念和方法,推导出不等粒径颗粒间可变结构吸力与土体含水量、干密度、孔隙比等的定量计算公式,并从理论上分析了可变结构吸力与含水量、干密度、孔隙比的关系。研究结果表明,可变结构吸力随着含水量的增大单调递减,随着干密度的增大单调递增,随着孔隙比的增大单调递减,与前人理论研究和试验研究结果一致。     

武汉地区三级阶地粘性土热物理性质试验研究

研究粘性土热物理性质与温度、密度、含水量及孔隙比等参数间的关系。在武汉地铁详勘阶段,采取三级阶地粘性土原状土样26组,在不同室温下进行热物理性质试验,同时测试土样的含水量及密度。结果表明:测试温度对原状土样导热系数及比热容的影响较小;粘性土导热系数随原状土样密度的增加而增加,随孔隙比的增加而降低;比热容随原状土样含水量的增加而增加。并给出便于工程使用的导热系数及比热容计算公式。     

土层夯实过程模型和极限孔隙比：强夯加固机理探讨之四

提出一个强夯中土体被夯实的全过程模型，讨论了两个极限孔隙比问题。指出未饱水土强夯夯实的极限孔隙比受制于土的初始含水量W0，并与比重Gs和界限饱和度Sf有关。大体为e＝W0·Gs／Sf。饱水土夯实的极限孔隙比e受制于该土层排水固结最终可能的密实状态，对于亲水性不很强透水性不很小的土，此孔隙比e可以粗略预估而得。     

中低能量强夯法处理黄土湿陷性效果的统计分析

加固深度、夯沉量等是评价强夯法处理黄土湿陷性的主要指标,而影响处理效果的因素主要有黄土的含水量、孔隙比以及强夯夯击能量.通过对大量中低能量强夯法处理湿陷性黄土的工程实测数据的分析,得到适宜强夯处理的黄土含水量范围,而后用多元线性回归法建立强夯处理深度与夯沉量与相关因素的关系.     

A new laboratory apparatus for studying dynamic compaction grouting into granular soils

As granular soils may be compressible or have inadequate strength, compaction is particularly useful when soils are subjected to dynamic loading or cyclic loading. A new laboratory apparatus for investigating dynamic compaction has been designed and fabricated. The basic principle of this new technique is to introduce vibrations during the expansion process in static compaction grouting. In these tests, the injection pressure, the excess pore water pressure, and the change in void ratio of the specimens are measured. The main focus is to investigate the development of the injection pressure, the void ratio, and the excess pore water pressure due to dynamic compaction and the subsequent consolidation of the soils. In addition, the relative density of the soils is used to evaluate the dynamic compaction efficiency. Scaled laboratory experiments are conducted to study the effect of this dynamic compaction frequency on compaction efficiency. The experimental results show that the change in void ratio in the dynamic compaction tests is about four times greater than that in the static compaction tests. Dynamic compaction frequency plays an important role in soil densification due to dynamic compaction.     

强夯效果浅析

分析了强夯夯实的极限孔隙比问题和夯坑形成的动力过程 ,利用力学的知识 ,对强夯加强效果进行了尝试性的分析 ,并对强夯有效加固深度的计算公式进行了讨论     

Experimental study of the effect of fines content on dynamic compaction grouting in completely decomposed granite of Hong Kong

This paper addresses the effects of fines contents on the mechanical behavior of CDG (completely decomposed granite) during dynamic compaction grouting. The first set of tests involved adding different amounts of kaolin clay into CDG to study the effects of fines contents on the compaction characteristics, permeability, consolidation behavior and shear strength of soils. It is found that, as the fines content increases, the dry density decreases, however the optimum water content increases. In addition, the permeability decreases due to reduction of void ratio, and the coefficient of consolidation increases with higher fines content. Furthermore, with increasing fines contents, the shear stress tends to be constant after it reaches the peak strength. However, when reaching the peak value, the shear stress reduces with further adding of fines content. In the second set of tests, the dynamic compaction grouting tests are carried out to study the effect of fines content on the compaction efficiency of Hong Kong CDG. It is found that, the compaction efficiency increases with increasing fines content, and reaches the peak compaction efficiency when the fines content reaches 6%, and then the compaction efficiency drops abruptly from a peak value of 0.55–0.25 when the fines content increases from 6% to 8%. However, when the fines content increases from 8% to 41%, the compaction efficiency decreases very slowly.     

Soil-water characteristics of Gaomiaozi bentonite by vapour equilibrium technique简

Soil-water characteristics of Gaomiaozi (GMZ) Ca-bentonite at high suctions (3–287 MPa) are measured by vapour equilibrium technique. The soil-water retention curve (SWRC) of samples with the same initial compaction states is obtained in drying and wetting process. At high suctions, the hysteresis behaviour is not obvious in relationship between water content and suction, while the opposite holds between degree of saturation and suction. The suction variation can change its water retention behaviour and void ratio. Moreover, changes of void ratio can bring about changes in degree of saturation. Therefore, the total change in degree of saturation includes changes caused by suction and that by void ratio. In the space of degree of saturation and suction, the SWRC at constant void ratio shifts to the direction of higher suctions with decreasing void ratio. However, the relationship between water content and suction is less affected by changes of void ratio. The degree of saturation decreases approximately linearly with increasing void ratio at a constant suction. Moreover, the slope of the line decreases with increasing suction and they show an approximately linear relationship in semi-logarithmical scale. From this linear relationship, the variation of degree of saturation caused by the change in void ratio can be obtained. Correspondingly, SWRC at a constant void ratio can be determined from SWRC at different void ratios.     

Effect of Lateral Earth Pressure Coefficient on Pressure Controlled Compaction Grouting in Triaxial Condition

The design, fabrication, and assembly of a new laboratory apparatus for the investigation of the behavior of compaction grouting in triaxial condition are presented in this paper. Using this laboratory apparatus, pressure-controlled compaction grouting tests were carried out in specimens of completely decomposed granite (CDG) in Hong Kong. Precisely controlled injection water into a specially designed latex balloon in the specimen was to simulate a compaction grouting process. In these tests, the effective confining pressure, lateral earth pressure coefficient (K), excess pore water pressure, back pressure, void ratio change, and vertical deformation of the specimen were measured. The main focus was to investigate the development of injection pressure, void ratio, and excess pore water pressure due to compaction grouting and subsequent consolidation of soils. In addition, both the compaction efficiency and the average strength enhancement ratio are defined to evaluate the effect of compaction grouting.     

砂土最大最小孔隙比测定及其影响因素分析

相对密实度是影响砂土力学性质的重要指标,密实的砂土呈现强度软化,松散的砂土却呈现强度硬化,而测定最大、最小孔隙比是计算相对密实度的前提。砂土的最小及最大孔隙比是通过直接测定的相应最大、最小干密度换算得到的,但目前常忽略了试验方法对其试验结果的影响,也忽略了黏粒含量对砂样密实度的影响。现取细、中、粗砂3种砂样,进行了干密度测试试验并测定了不同黏粒及黏粒掺量下砂样的最大、最小孔隙比。研究结果表明:采用量筒慢转法测量砂土最小干密度较为合理;采用振动锤击法测定砂土最大干密度时,建议细砂采用容积为250 m L击实筒,中、粗砂采用1000 m L击实筒;掺入粉粒、黏粒后砂样的最小孔隙比均随黏粒掺量(≤30%)增加而减小,且两者之间存在一定的线性关系;砂样最大孔隙比随粉粒、黏粒掺量增加逐渐减小,而随高岭土黏粒掺量增加呈缓慢增大趋势。     

膨胀土增湿过程中吸力–孔隙比–含水率关系

通过不同初始孔隙比条件下的土水特征试验及增湿试验,研究了膨胀土的土水特征曲线拟合参数及体积膨胀曲线拟合参数与初始孔隙比的关系,采用曲面拟合法建立了孔隙比与重量含水率及初始孔隙比的关系曲面、孔隙比与吸力及初始孔隙比的关系曲面、重量含水率与吸力及初始孔隙比的关系曲面、体积含水率与吸力及初始孔隙比的关系曲面。试验结果表明,在重量含水率(或吸力)–初始孔隙比–孔隙比坐标系中的体变曲面由饱和部分及非饱和部分组成;在增湿过程中,曲面由非饱和区进入饱和区的转折点对应的重量含水率随着初始孔隙比的增大而增大,转折点对应的吸力随着初始孔隙比的增大而减小;在吸力–初始孔隙比–重量含水率或体积含水率坐标系中,与特定初始孔隙比对应的土水特征曲线是纵坐标恒定的平面曲线;在吸力–孔隙比–重量含水率或体积含水率坐标系中,与特定初始孔隙比对应的土水特征曲线是纵坐标在变化空间曲线,它能同时表示初始孔隙比的影响及试验过程中孔隙比的变化。     

沥青混合料介电特性与密度关系研究

为研究沥青混合料介电特性与密度的关系,进行不同压实度条件下沥青混合料介电常数的测定试验。试验采用旋转压实成型试件,通过高温介电常数平台测定不同压实度试件的介电常数,应用复合材料多相介电常数模型计算各试件的毛体积相对密度,与室内水中重法测得实际值相比较验证计算结果的准确性。研究表明：不同级配、集料的矿料介电常数并不相同,矿料介电常数应以标准级配及空隙率试件反算求解,不局限于传统7~9的取值范围;通过Rayleigh模型建立沥青混合料介电常数与毛体积相对密度之间的关系,计算结果与水中重法的测定结果误差小于1%,精度较高;旋转压实成型试件在同一深度处压实不均,沥青混合料毛体积相对密度和空隙率相差分别为0.092和3.5%,试件毛体积相对密度随压实深度增加而逐渐减小。