锦灯笼的化学成分研究

从锦灯笼[Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii （Mast.） Makino]中提取物中分离出12个化合物,通过波谱方法和理化性质分别鉴定为：酸浆苦素B（1）,酸浆苦素A（2）,4,7-didehydroneophyalin B（3）,（Z）-9,10,11-三羟基-12-十八碳烯酸（4）,酸浆苦素F（5）山奈酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（6）,3′,4′-二甲基槲皮素（7）,山奈酚-3,7-二氧-α-L-双鼠李糖苷（8）,十五碳酸（9）,二十四碳酸（10）,3,4-二羟基苯乙醇（11）,齐墩果酸（12）。化合物6～11为首次从该属植物中分出,化合物5为首次从该种植物中分出。     

白益母草中酚苷类化合物的分离鉴定及其体外抗氧化活性评价

目的 分离鉴定白益母草中抗氧化活性成分。方法 采用常规回流提取法先以二氯甲烷对白益母草脱脂，然后药渣用乙酸乙酯提取得到其提取物。乙酸乙酯提取物利用硅胶、葡聚糖凝胶柱色谱及HPLC进行分离，分离得到化合物经波谱学数据分析，确定其结构式。同时，利用1，1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（DPPH）法测定分离得到化合物的抗氧化活性。结果 从白益母草乙酸乙酯提取物中分离得到4个酚苷类化合物，分别为毛蕊花苷（1），5，7，4''-三羟基黄酮-7-O-（6″-O-[E]-香豆酰基）-β-葡萄糖苷（2），5，7，4''-三羟基黄酮-7-O-（6″-O-[E]-咖啡酰基）-β-葡萄糖苷（3）和5，7，4''-三羟基黄酮-7-O-（6″-O-[E]-二香豆酰基）-β-葡萄糖苷（4）。化合物1~4表现出较好的抗氧化活性，其EC₅₀平均值分别为（19.5±1.81），（26.2±3.4），（22.9±2.7），（24.4±3.1）。结论 化合物1~4均为首次从该药材中分离得到，可作为天然抗氧化剂。     

月腺大戟的化学成分及其乳腺癌细胞毒活性研究

目的 研究大戟科植物月腺大戟的化学成分及其对乳腺癌细胞毒活性。方法 采用多种色谱技术对化合物进行分离纯化,根据化合物的理化性质和光谱数据分析鉴定化合物的结构。采用噻唑蓝（MTT）比色法研究化合物对6种乳腺癌细胞的抑制活性。结果 月腺大戟植物中分离得到10个化合物,分别鉴定为：2,4-二羟基-6-甲氧基-3-甲酰基苯乙酮（1）;2,4-二羟基-6-甲氧基-3-甲基苯乙酮（2）;月腺大戟素A（3）;3,3''-乙酰基-4,4''-二甲氧基-2,2'',6,6''-四羟基二苯基甲烷（4）;岩大戟内酯B（5）;岩大戟内酯A（6）;亚油酸（7）;fischeria A（8）;β-香树脂醇乙酸酯（9）;单十九酸甘油酯（10）。乳腺癌细胞毒活性研究显示：化合物3对乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231、Sum149、MCF7、ZR-75-1、SKBr3、BT474的IC₅₀值分别为6.69、5.50、5.50、7.08、8.64、5.42 μmol/L。结论 化合物6、7、8、10为首次从该植物中分离得到;化合物3对乳腺癌细胞具有显著的抑制活性。     

百蕊草亲水性化学成分研究

目的 对百蕊草中亲水性化学成分进行研究。方法 采用硅胶柱色谱、SephadexLH-20凝胶柱色谱等分离手段,对百蕊草水提取物经AB-8大孔树脂吸附,50%乙醇洗脱的亲水性组分（TT50）进行分离纯化,应用核磁共振波谱分析、结合文献报道鉴定化合物结构。结果 从TT50中分离纯化得到6个化合物,分别鉴定为：山奈酚（1）,紫云英苷（2）,山奈酚-3,7-二-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（3）,山奈酚-3-O-L-吡喃鼠李糖基（1→2）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（4）,山奈酚-3-O-L-吡喃鼠李糖基（1→2）-［6-O-乙酰基］-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（5）,芸香苷（6）。结论 TT50中主要成分为以山奈酚为母核的黄酮苷类化合物,化合物4、5为首次从百蕊草中分离得到。     

糙叶败酱乙酸乙酯部位的化学成分研究

目的 研究糙叶败酱乙酸乙酯部位的化学成分。方法 利用硅胶及Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱对其化学成分进行分离、纯化,根据理化性质及波谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果 从糙叶败酱水提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部位分离得到11个化合物,分别为7α-甲氧基莫罗苷（1）、7β-甲氧基莫罗苷（2）、1-辛醇（3）、2,3-壬烯烃（4）、lariciresinol（5）、Jatamanin J（6）、落叶松脂醇-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（7）、黄花败酱醇（8）、Jatamanin A（9）、Scabroside A（10）、十六烷酸-α-单甘油酯（11）。结论 化合物1~4为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中化合物3,4为首次从败酱科败酱属植物中分离得到。     

羊蹄化学成分及其抗肿瘤活性研究

从羊蹄乙醇提取物分离鉴定了2个萘类化合物、5个蒽醌类化合物及其他4个化合物。萘类为2-甲氧基-6-乙酰基-7-甲基胡桃醌（1）、3-乙酰基-2-甲基-1,4,5-三羟基-2,3-环氧萘醌醇（2）、蒽醌类为大黄素甲醚（3）、大黄素（4）、大黄酚-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（5）、大黄素-8-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（6）、大黄酚（7）,以及壬酸十五醇酯（8）、β-胡萝卜苷（9）、5-甲氧基-7-羟基-1（3H）-苯骈呋喃酮（10）和没食子酸（11）。化合物1、8~10为首次从羊蹄中分离得到,1、8为首次从酸模属植物中分离得到;体外细胞试验表明,化合物1对人肝癌HepG-2细胞、子宫癌Hela细胞、肺癌A549细胞具有较强的抑制作用,其IC₅₀分别为2、1.8、4.6 μmol·L^-1,化合物2对人肝癌细胞HepG-2的IC₅₀为100 μmol·L^-1。     

月腺大戟根中的乙酰间苯三酚类衍生物

目的:研究月腺大戟根中的乙酰间苯三酚类衍生物。方法:利用硅胶柱色谱分离、纯化乙酰间苯三酚类化合物;经化学反应、理化常数测定和波谱分析等鉴定结构。结果:分离得到5个乙酰间苯三酚类化合物:2,4-二羟基-6-甲氧基-3-甲基苯乙酮(I),3,3′-二乙酰基-4,4′-二甲氧基-2,2′,6,6′-四羟基二苯甲烷(I),3,3′-二乙酰基-4,4′-二甲氧基-2,2′,6,6′-四羟基二苯甲烷-6′-O-β-D-葡糖苷(II),2,4-二羟基-6-甲氧基-3-甲基苯乙酮-4-O-β-D-葡糖苷(IV),2,4-二羟基-6-甲氧基-3-甲基苯乙酮-4-O-β-D-木糖基(1→6)-O-β-D-葡糖苷(V)。结论:(II)和(V)为新化合物,分别命名为月腺大戟苷B和月腺大戟苷C。     

一株耐碱链霉菌次生代谢产物的研究

目的 研究一株耐碱链霉菌（Streptomyces pleomorphus sp. nov.）发酵液乙酸乙酯提取物的化学成分。方法 采用硅胶柱色谱,凝胶柱色谱方法进行分离纯化,利用波谱分析法结合理化性质确定化合物结构。结果 从S. pleomorphus sp. nov.发酵液的乙酸乙酯萃取物中分离得到9个已知化合物,分别鉴定为路易斯安那碱A （1）、路易斯安那碱B （2）、4,7-二羟基异黄酮（3）、4,7-二羟基-6-甲氧基异黄酮（4）、4,5,7-三羟基异黄酮（5）、14-甲基十五烷酸（6）、（E）-3-甲硫基-丙烯酸（7）、4-羟基苯乙醇（8）、β-谷甾醇（9）。结论 9个化合物均为首次从S. pleomorphus sp. nov.代谢产物中分离得到。     

朝鲜淫羊藿的化学成分

从朝鲜淫羊藿(Epimedium koreanum Na kai)的地上部分分离出3个新化合物,应用化学和波谱分析方法,其结构分别确定为3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→3)-α-L-(4-乙酰基)吡喃鼠李糖-脱水淫羊藿素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1),2-(对-羟基苯氧)-5,7-二羟基-6-异戊烯基色酮(2),7-羟基-3,4,6-三甲氧基-9,10-二氢菲-2-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3)。化合物1和3分别命名为朝藿苷丙(korepimedoside C)和淫羊藿苷A₇(icarisideA₇)。     

肝胆舒康胶囊联合硫普罗宁治疗非酒精性脂肪肝病的临床研究

目的 研究沉香Aquilaria sinensis的倍半萜类化学成分。方法 采用硅胶、ODS、Sephadex LH-20等多种柱色谱及制备型高效液相色谱等现代分离技术对沉香的化学成分进行分离纯化，并根据其理化性质、MS、1D和2D NMR等波谱方法进行结构鉴定；采用96孔板微量稀释法测试了分得的单体化合物对耐药金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性。结果 从沉香95%乙醇提取物中分离得到7个倍半萜类化合物，分别鉴定为（+）-4a，5-二甲基-3-（丙-2-烯基）-八氢萘-2β，8a-二醇（1）、白木香酸（2）、白木香醇（3）、vetaspira-2（11），6-dien-14-al（4）、白木香醛（5）、（-）-10-表-γ-桉叶醇（6）、9β-羟基-α-沉香呋喃（7）。其中化合物1对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）为210 μmol/L。结论 化合物1为新的倍半萜类化合物，命名为2β，8aα-二羟基-11-烯-荒漠木烷，其对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌有较好的抑制作用。     

A new prenylated dihydrochalcone from the leaves of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Artocarpus lowii</Emphasis>

A new prenylated dihydrochalcone, 2′,4′-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-3′-prenyldihydrochalcone (1), along with two known compounds, 2′,4′,4-trihydroxy-3′-prenylchalcone (2) and 2′,4-dihydroxy-3′,4′-(2,2-dimethylchromene)chalcone (3) were isolated from the leaves of Artocarpus lowii. The structures of 1–3 were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and by comparison with data reported in the literature. Compounds 1–3 showed strong free radical scavenging activity towards 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) measured by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometry.     

A new benzofuran derivative from Nicotiana tabacum

A new benzofuran derivative, methyl 3-acetyl-7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2-methylbenzofuran-4-carboxylate (1), and a known compound pyrrolezanthine (2), were isolated from leaves of Nicotiana tabacum. Compound 1 was elucidated by means of spectroscopic methods, as well as X-ray diffraction. Both compounds 1 and 2 exhibited moderate inhibitory activities on human cancer cell lines.     

New anthraquinone dimer from the root bark of Cassia artemisioides (Gaudich. Ex. DC) Randell

The phytochemical investigation of the root bark of Cassia artemisioides (Gaudich. Ex. DC) Randell resulted in the isolation of one new anthraquinone 1,1′-dihydroxy-3,3′-dimethyl-8,8′-dimethoxy-6,6′-O-bianthraquinone (1) along with four known anthraquinones 1,6-dihydroxy-8-methoxy-3-methylanthraquinone (2), 1-hydroxy-8-methoxy-3-methylanthraquinone (3), 1,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-methylanthraquinone (4), and 1,6,8-trihydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone (5). The structures of the compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic techniques including 1D and 2D NMR. The compounds were evaluated for antioxidant activity. 1,6,8-Trihydroxy-3-methyl anthraquinone (5) showed good activity among the tested compounds.     

A new para-quinone-type flavan from the leaves of Ilex centrochinensis and its anti-inflammatory activities

A new para-quinone-type flavan, (2S)-7-methoxy-3′,4′-dihydroxy-5,8-quinoflavan (1), together with three known compounds, were isolated from the leaves of Ilex centrochinensis. Their structures were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analyses for new structure and in comparison with published data for known compounds. Moreover, the new compound was evaluated its cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro on LPS induced RAW 264.7 cells and the results showed that 1 has promising anti-inflammatory activities.     

Chalcones isolated from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Angelica keiskei</Emphasis> and their inhibition of IL-6 production in TNF-α-stimulated MG-63 cell

Six chalcone compounds, 2′,4′,4-trihydroxy-3′-[2-hydroxy-7-methyl-3-methylene-6-octaenyl]chalcone (1), 2′,4′,4-trihydroxy-3′-geranylchalcone (2), 2′,4′,4-trihydroxy-3′-[6-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyl-2,7-octadienyl]chalcone (3), 2′,4-dihydroxy-4′-methoxy-3′-[2-hydroperoxy-3-methyl-3-butenyl]chalcone (4), 2′,4-dihydroxy-4′-methoxy-3′-geranylchalcone (5), and 2′,4-dihydroxy-4′-methoxy-3′-[3-methyl-3-butenyl]chalcone (6) were isolated from the leaves of Angelica keiskei K (Umbelliferae). The structure of each isolated compound was determined using spectroscopic methods. Among the isolates, compounds 1–3 appeared to have potent inhibitory activity of IL-6 production in TNF-α-stimulated MG-63 cell, while compounds 4–6 did not. The distinct structural difference between compounds 1–3 and 4–6 was the presence of C-4′ hydroxyl group in the chalcone moiety. Our results imply that the inhibitory activity of IL-6 production in TNF-α-stimulated MG-63 cell may be affected by the presence of C-4′ hydroxyl group in the chalcone moiety.     

Cytotoxic C-Methylated Chalcones from Syzygium samarangense.

Abstract

The flavonoids 2′-hydroxy-4′,6′-dimethoxy-3′-methylchalcone (1), 2′,4′-dihydroxy-6′-methoxy-3′,5′-dimethylchalcone (2), 2′,4′-dihydroxy-6′-methoxy-3′-methylchalcone (3), 2′,4′-dihydroxy-6′-methoxy-3′-methyldihydrochalcone (4) and 2′,4′-dihydroxy-6′-methoxy-3′,5′-dimethyldihydrochalcone (5), isolated from Syzygium samarangense. (Blume) Merr. & L.M. Perry (Myrtaceae), were subjected to cytotoxicity testing using the dimethylthiazoldiphenyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The cell lines used were the Chinese hamster ovarian (CHO-AA8) and the human mammary adenocarcinoma, (MCF-7 and SKBR-3). Among the test compounds, 2 exhibited significant differential cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 cell line with an IC₅₀ of 0.0015 ± 0.0001 nM. It was also cytotoxic against the SKBR-3 cell line with an IC₅₀ of 0.0128 ± 0.0006 nM. Doxorubicin, the positive control, had an IC₅₀ of 2.60 ± 0.28 × 10^?4 nM against the MCF-7 cell line and an IC₅₀ of 2.76 ± 0.52 × 10^?5 nM against the SKBR-3 cell line. When tested in a mechanism-based yeast bioassay for detecting DNA-damaging agents using genetically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae. RS322Y (RAD52) mutant strain and (LF15/11) (RAD+) wild-type strain, 2 showed significant selective cytotoxicity against the RAD52 yeast mutant strain. It had an IC₁₂ of 0.1482 nM, as compared with the positive control, streptonigrin, which had an IC₁₂ of 0.0134 nM. Hence, 2 is a cytotoxic natural product with potential anticancer application.     

A new compound from an endophytic fungus Bambusicola massarinia

One new chromone, rel-(1S,2S,3S)-2,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-1,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-xanthen-9(2H)-one (1), together with one known compound wentiquinone A (2), were isolated from solid culture of endophytic fungus strain Bambusicola massarinia. The structures of all compounds were determined mainly by analysis of their NMR spectroscopic data. The relative configuration of compound 1 was determined by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses.     

Two new isoflavanones from Erythrina costaricensis

Two new isoflavanones, 5,3′-dihydroxy-4′-methoxy-5′-(3-methyl-1,3-butadienyl)-2″,2″-dimethylpyrano[5,6:6,7]isoflavanone (1) and 5,3′-dihydroxy-5′-(3-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-butenyl)-4′-methoxy-2″,2″-dimethylpyrano[5,6:6,7]isoflavanone (2), together with two known isoflavonoids, cristacarpin, and euchrenone b₁₀, were isolated from the stems of Erythrina costaricensis. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic evidence. These new compounds are rare isoflavanones, possessing both a 2,2-dimethylpyran substituent and a prenyl analog. The antibacterial activities of 1 and 2 against the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were examined.     

Stilbene and dihydrophenanthrene derivatives from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pholidota chinensis</Emphasis> and their nitric oxide inhibitory and radical-scavenging activities

Two new stilbene derivatives, (E)-2′,3,3′-trihydroxy-5-methoxystilbene (1, Pholidotol C) and (Z)-3,3′-hydroxy-5-methoxystilbene (2, Pholidotol D), were isolated from the air-dried whole plant of Pholidota chinensis Lindl., together with eight known dihydrophenanthrene derivatives, lusianthridin (3), cannabidihydrophenanthrene (4), coelonin (5), hircinol (6), erianthridin (7), 4,5-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene (8), eulophiol (9), and 2,4,7-trihydroxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene (10), and a benzoxepin derivative bulbophylol B (11). Their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production activity and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil radical-scavenging activity were examined. Among these compounds, 11 exhibited the most potent activity toward NO production inhibition activity and radical-scavenging activity; moreover, 11 reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression.     

A new amide from the leaves and twigs of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Litsea auriculata</Emphasis>

A new amide, N-trans-sinapoylmethoxytyramine (1), along with three known amides (2–4) and two known flavonol 3-O-rhamnosides (5 and 6), were isolated from the leaves and twigs of Litsea auriculata. The structures of the isolated compounds (1–6) were characterized on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, and their cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells was estimated.