VLCC液舱晃荡仿真及结构响应

当船体在波浪中运动的频率与液舱内液体振动的固有频率相近时,舱内液体将会发生剧烈的运动,即晃荡产生了.在船舶结构设计中,必须要考虑这种晃荡载荷及结构的响应.该文针对一超大型油轮(VLCC)液舱晃荡问题进行了三维仿真模拟.在DNV基于压力的晃荡评估方法的基础上,提出了应用有限元方法和任意拉格朗日-欧拉耦合技术进行该船全生命期内液舱晃荡仿真及强度评估的工程实用的步骤方法.     

薄膜型LNG船晃荡冲击局部强度分析建模方法研究

为保证薄膜型LNG船(No96型)的营运安全,除绝缘箱外,还有必要对晃荡冲击载荷作用下船体结构进行局部强度分析.考虑到分析对象的不同,同时为了简化有限元模型和降低船体结构局部分析的计算工作量,针对船体结构局部强度分析中绝缘箱建模范围,树脂绳模拟方式以及绝缘箱网格基本尺寸提出了建议并进行了可行性验证.研究表明,建议方法可以在满足计算精度的前提下,极大减少船体结构局部强度分析的工作量,可为晃荡冲击载荷作用下薄膜型LNG船(No96型)船体结构局部强度分析及相关规范制定提供有效的参考.     

2万2千方液化气船整船和舱段三维有限元强度分析

本文对２２０００ｍ＾３液化气船进行了整船和舱段三维有限元强度计算分析,建立了整船和船体主舱段的三维有限元结构模型,通过节点力的自动加载和惯性平衡处理４技术建立有限元模型的节点载荷。在中拱和中垂弯矩作用下,计算出船体在压载和满载工况下的船体应力和变形。通过对船体舱段的边界处理技术,计算出受船体总强度影响的船体舱段局部强度,对船体强度作出判断,为改进船体结构设计提供依据。     

基于晃荡载荷的液舱结构强度研究

通过液舱晃荡载荷的数值模拟与模型试验对比分析,验证数值模拟方法适用于目标船液舱晃荡载荷的计算。基于晃荡载荷数值计算结果,采用2种方法对晃荡冲击载荷简化处理,对目标船液舱进行动力响应分析,并与规范晃荡载荷下液舱结构响应对比分析,得到液舱结构在晃荡冲击载荷作用下的响应和结构强度评估的工程分析方法,为目标船液舱结构设计提供依据。     

薄膜型LNG船绝缘层等效静载荷系数研究

近年来新设计的薄膜型 LNG 船要求具有更大的舱容,能适应更恶劣的海况和在任何装载高度下安全运行,这就需要保证液舱结构在晃荡载荷作用下的安全性。论文引入等效静载荷系数,用以简化薄膜型 LNG船液货舱船体结构在晃荡载荷作用下的强度校核流程。通过研究等效静载荷系数、绝缘层缓冲系数和船体结构动力放大系数在各种条件下的变化规律,明确了等效静载荷系数的影响因素和变化范围。研究成果可为薄膜型LNG船船体结构强度校核以及相关规范的修订提供参考。     

22 000m3液化气船整船和舱段三维有限元强度分析

对２２０００ｍ＾３液化气船进行了整船和舱段三有限元强度计算分析,建立了整船和船体主舱段的三维有限元结构模型。并通过节点力的自动加载技术和惯性平衡处理技术建立有限元模型的节点载荷,在中拱和中垂弯矩作用下,计算出本在压载和满载工况下的船体应力和变形,是后通过对本舱舱段的边界处理技术,计算出受船体总强度的船体舱段局部强度,对船体强度出判断,为改进船体结构设计提供依据。     

重质液货晃荡载荷作用下薄膜型VLEC液货围护系统响应研究

随着美国页岩气中乙烷的大量出口,VLEC(超大型乙烷运输船)将成为新造船市场的热点,而薄膜型液货围护系统(CCS)的超大型乙烷运输船(VLEC)应该是大势所趋。高密度货物和大尺寸液舱造成了液货静压力和晃荡冲击压力的增加,提出了新的问题,VLEC液货围护系统的强度能否抵抗增加的晃荡冲击载荷。本文首先利用非线性有限元法计算分析液货围护系统在不同边界条件下的极限强度。然后运用CFD分析法对液舱晃荡问题进行数值分析,确定危险晃荡区域和晃荡载荷。最后对液货围护系统在液舱晃荡分析确定的危险工况进行响应分析,验证了围护系统的可靠性并归纳了一些重要结论。     

独立B型LNG船液舱晃荡强度分析方法

为了保证液舱舱容大且无装载限制的新型独立B型LNG船在晃荡载荷下的强度满足使用要求,提出液舱结构晃荡强度直接分析方法.采用规范公式确定液舱晃荡载荷,根据该方法对液舱模型进行粗网格分析,进行典型区域横摇工况下超出应力许用值的精细网格分析.结果表明,该方法可以对独立液舱晃荡强度进行有效评估,其中的精细网格计算结果可真实反映高应力梯度区域的应力情况.分析结果可为液舱晃荡强度评估、液舱结构优化以及同类LNG船的设计开发提供参考.     

独立B型LNG船液舱晃荡强度分析方法

为了保证液舱舱容大且无装载限制的新型独立B型LNG船在晃荡载荷下的强度满足使用要求,提出液舱结构晃荡强度直接分析方法。采用规范公式确定液舱晃荡载荷,根据该方法对液舱模型进行粗网格分析,进行典型区域横摇工况下超出应力许用值的精细网格分析。结果表明,该方法可以对独立液舱晃荡强度进行有效评估,其中的精细网格计算结果可真实反映高应力梯度区域的应力情况。分析结果可为液舱晃荡强度评估、液舱结构优化以及同类LNG船的设计开发提供参考。     

独立B型LNG船液舱结构晃荡强度研究

采用直接计算法对170 000 m3LNG船的液舱晃荡强度进行评估。建立独立B型LNG船液舱有限元模型,按DNV相应规范计算晃荡载荷并进行结构安全评估。通过使用块单元和接地弹簧单元分别对垫块进行模拟,对比液舱结构在相同晃荡载荷作用下的响应,研究这2种模拟方式对独立B型LNG(SPB型)液舱结构晃荡强度分析的影响。分析结果可为独立B型LNG船(SPB型)的液舱结构晃荡强度评估、液舱结构优化提供有效依据,对同类LNG船的设计开发具有参考意义。     

Causes and effects of FDI by the Norwegian maritime industry

A theory of replacement in the context of ocean going vessels is discussed. The approach is based upon costs rather than profits, and while there appear to be many difficulties in applying replacement theory to ships it is shown that there are some segments where the theory can still usefully be applied. The effect on replacement resulting from varying important cost parameters is shown and it is found that while fiscal measures have very little effect, capital cost and operating cost profiles have the most important influence. It is concluded that shipowners need to keep themselves fully informed of changes in cost and improvements in technology that may indicate replacement of a vessel somewhat sooner than normal replacement age.     

复杂形体远程操控水下运载器水动力阻尼模型建模和检验(英文)

In this paper,numerical modeling and model testing of a complex-shaped remotely-operated vehicle(ROV) were shown.The paper emphasized the systematic modeling of hydrodynamic damping using the computational fluid dynamic software ANSYS-CFXTM on the complex-shaped ROV,a practice that is not commonly applied.For initial design and prototype testing during the developmental stage,small-scale testing using a free-decaying experiment was used to verify the theoretical models obtained from ANSYS-CFXTM.Simulation results are shown to coincide with the experimental tests.The proposed method could determine the hydrodynamic damping coefficients of the ROV.     

A consideration of the structural design of a large-scale floating structure

The land area of Japan, especially flat land, is very small compared with its economic size. Large-scale floating structures are one solution to satisfy the demand for space by utilizing the ocean. This paper presents a general view of the dynamic response characteristics of large-scale floating structures, pontoons and semi-submersibles. For example, it is shown that the natural frequencies of eigenmodes are higher than the natural frequency of heaving motion. The response of the outer framework of a structure is shown to be generally larger than the response of the central part. Within the limits of our present understanding of the general dynamic response characteristics of such structures, the design and analysis of semi-submersible, large-scale floating structures is discussed. For a pontoon-type large-scale floating structure, a type whose perimeter structure has been modified to become lighter and more rigid is proposed. With this modification, the dynamic response of the whole structure is imporved.     

Replacement, obsolescence and modifications of ships

A theory of replacement in the context of ocean going vessels is discussed. The approach is based upon costs rather than profits, and while there appear to be many difficulties in applying replacement theory to ships it is shown that there are some segments where the theory can still usefully be applied. The effect on replacement resulting from varying important cost parameters is shown and it is found that while fiscal measures have very little effect, capital cost and operating cost profiles have the most important influence. It is concluded that shipowners need to keep themselves fully informed of changes in cost and improvements in technology that may indicate replacement of a vessel somewhat sooner than normal replacement age.     

Study of damaged ship motions taking into account floodwater dynamics

This paper presents an application of shallow water theory to describe the motion of floodwater inside a rolling ship in damage condition. The time domain theoretical approach to the coupled problems of ship and water inside compartment motions is briefly described, including the method used to solve for the water motion characteristics and forces exerted on the ship. This approach is applied to the study of the behaviour of a passenger Ro–Ro ship in regular beam seas and numerical results are given for the intact and damaged conditions. Comparison is made with experimental results. For the damaged condition, the characteristics of the floodwater motion are studied in the time domain for a number of different wave frequencies. The shape of the free-surface and phase of water motion in relation to the ship roll motion are shown for several wave frequencies. The dynamic floodwater roll moment is also shown and compared with the static roll moment (flat horizontal free surface), allowing the conclusion that the dynamic roll moment is much larger than the static roll moment, for high wave frequencies, and is in phase opposition in relation to the roll motion.     

Using data assimilation in laboratory experiments of geophysical flows

Data assimilation is used in numerical simulations of laboratory experiments in a stratified, rotating fluid. The experiments are performed on the large Coriolis turntable (Grenoble, France), which achieves a high degree of similarity with the ocean, and the simulations are performed with a two-layer shallow water model, using the SEEK method for data assimilation. Since the flow is measured with a high level of precision and resolution, a detailed analysis of a forecasting system is feasible. The procedure is tested for the baroclinic instability of a two-layer vortex. It is shown that the method of data assimilation properly captures the details of the initial flow perturbation. Then it is shown by sensitivity studies that an error of the model, attributed to small non-hydrostatic effects, can be distinguished from the error growth associated with the intrinsic instability of the system. Finally, it is experimentally demonstrated that the velocity field in the lower layer can be well controlled by data assimilation limited to the top layer.     

“海筝Ⅱ型”遥控自治水下机器人的运动控制研究

论文以＂海筝Ⅱ型＂遥控自治水下机器人为研究对象,简要介绍了该型水下机器人的总体性能和运动模型,着重对其运动控制展开研究。利用模糊PID算法来实现该型水下机器人的运动控制。并通过仿真和一系列的试验来验证其控制性能。     

超深水钻井立管总体性能分析

本文基于API相关规范,系统梳理了钻井立管总体性能分析的主要内容,形成了超深水钻井立管分析的总体流程,并分析了超深水钻井立管中张紧器及伸缩节等关键位置的模拟方法。在此基础上选择作业水深12000尺超深水钻井立管,在DeepC软件中建立了包括作业平台、张紧器、伸缩节及柔性节点等在内的系统模型,选择合适的海况进行立管总体性能分析,给出了钻井立管总体性能参数的分析方法和结果,为超深水钻井立管的设计和分析提供参照。     

Inter-comparing five forecast operational systems in the North Atlantic and Mediterranean basins: The MERSEA-strand1 methodology

The methodology to achieve a real time inter-comparison of five state-of-the-art operational forecast systems for the North Atlantic and Mediterranean basins is presented. All systems provide analysis and near real-time prediction of the three-dimensional ocean through Opendap servers. A standard set of diagnostics called metrics, is described. Definition and examples of metrics are given. An inter-comparison of the five systems is conducted over a 1 year period using those metrics. It is shown that the methodology developed allows a successful inter-comparison. It has been adopted by the GODAE community. It is also shown that the systems are consistent with the current knowledge of the ocean circulation and climatologies. Systems are deficient in the representation of specific water masses characteristics as Mode waters. Data assimilation of vertical profiles of temperature and salinity solve such deficiencies. Metrics also allow a monitoring of the system's North Atlantic overturning stream function and will allow detecting any changes in the coming year system's thermohaline circulation.     

现场总线技术在现代舰船控制系统中应用

本文介绍了现场总线技术在现代舰船控制系统中的应用,该控制系统采用了三层总线结构,同时给出了结构图,介绍了各层所需的设备及其功能,并提出了舰船对现场总线控制系统的特殊性要求.