Numerical Simulation on EGR for Diesel Engine Used in Fishery Boats

为了降低渔船用柴油机的NOx排放量,达到符合国际海事组织对船舶防止空气污染的规定中的NOx章程的规范.利用废气再循环原理设计了一套柴油机废气减排系统,以降低渔船用柴油机的NOx排放量.通过CFD数值模拟的方法对某柴油机的废气再循环系统进行了二维流场的数值模拟,以确定合理的废气回流比例.模拟过程使用不同的EGR阀门开度进行分析,得到了EGR阀门开度与EGR率之间的比例关系,为柴油机废气再循环系统的设计提供了理论依据.     

渔船用柴油机废气再循环系统的数值模拟

为了降低渔船用柴油机的NOx排放量,达到符合国际海事组织对船舶防止空气污染的规定中的NOx章程的规范。利用废气再循环原理设计了一套柴油机废气减排系统,以降低渔船用柴油机的NOx排放量。通过CFD数值模拟的方法对某柴油机的废气再循环系统进行了二维流场的数值模拟,以确定合理的废气回流比例。模拟过程使用不同的EGR阀门开度进行分析,得到了EGR阀门开度与EGR率之间的比例关系,为柴油机废气再循环系统的设计提供了理论依据。     

采用文曲利管降低柴油机NOx排放

废气再循环(EGR,Exhaust Gas Recirculation)是大幅降低整机排放污染物的有效办法,也是目前较为常用和有效的措施.废气再循环(EGR)就是通过将柴油机排出的废气重新引回到气缸内参与燃烧的装置,可更好地控制和减少其尾气中NOx的排放量.文中介绍了柴油机工作时产生NOx的机理和文曲利管降低柴油机NOx排放的原理,通过对安装有文曲利管的柴油机进行试验,分析废气再循环率对柴油机动力性能和NOx排放的影响.     

柴油机废气再循环系统控制器的设计研究

根据增压柴油机废气再循环(EGR)系统的要求,采用动态矩阵控制(DMC)算法设计EGR系统控制器.通过仿真系统试验证实了所设计的控制器可以应用于柴油机EGR系统,并能够使EGR系统有效降低柴油机氮氧化物(NOx)的排放.     

柴油机废气再循环系统控制器的设计研究

根据增压柴油机废气再循环(EGR)系统的要求,采用动态矩阵控制(DMC)算法设计EGR系统控制器.通过仿真系统试验证实了所设计的控制器可以应用于柴油机EGR系统,并能够使EGR系统有效降低柴油机氮氧化物(NOx)的排放.     

发动机废气再循环控制系统故障诊断

废气再循环(EGR)系统的作用是减少NOx的排放。其主要原理是将适量的废气(5%～16%)引入气缸参加燃烧,降低气缸内燃烧的温度,从而减少NOx的排放量。但是为了保证发动机能够正常工作,必须根据发动机工况变化来控制废气再循环量。本田雅阁4L发动机废气再循环系统采用的是闭环控制技术,下面介绍其故障诊断方法。废气再循环系统原理本田雅阁4L发动机废气再循环系统如图1所示。发动机ECM根据各传感器传输的信号,通过EGR电磁阀     

柴油机的废气再循环系统

1.废气再循环系统的工作原理 废气再循环(EGR)系统,是将柴油机排出废气的一小部分送回气缸.具有惰性的再循环废气会延缓燃烧过程,使氮氧化物减少,提高废气再循环率,废气排放中的污染物输出量将会相对减少.废气再循环系统如附图所示.引入中冷器之后,称为高压废气反向.     

EGR冷却器中的螺纹冷却管设计研究

废气再循环冷却器的冷却效率对降低汽车NOx排放至关重要,管式冷却器中采用螺纹管作为冷却管能有效地提高冷却效率.从EGR冷却器的换热效率以及废气通过冷却器后的压降两方面进行了冷却器中螺纹管的设计因素研究,通过CFD软件模拟分析了各设计元素对废气再循环效率和压降的影响.     

柴油发动机废气再循环技术(EGR)的应用与工程优化设计研究

随着我国逐步进入十三五规划下的社会经济改革,废气再循环(EGR)技术逐步得到更为广泛的应用,这一技术可以有效降低柴油机主要排放物NO_x的排放,而冷EGR技术可以使这一效果明显增强,EGR冷却器性能对降低NO_x排放起着重要作用。优化冷却器结构是提高发动机冷却效率,降低NO_x的重要手段。本文在综述前人的研究成果的基础上,提出了对典型结构冷却器进行改进的方案。     

船用柴油机废气再循环技术研究现状概述

本文概述了涉及船舶柴油机NOx排放的相关国际公约的最新要求,并就废气再循环技术降低船舶柴油机NOx的排放的研究进行了综述,详细介绍了船用柴油机常见的两种废气再循环方式,即低压EGR系统和高压EGR系统,并就两种系统的元件构成做出了合理的构建。     

Precise instrumentation of a diesel single-cylinder research engine

The accuracy of any empirical result is a direct consequence of the quality of experimental setup and the strict control over testing conditions. For internal combustion engines, a large number of parameters that also exhibit complex interdependence may significantly affect the engine performance. Therefore, this work describes the essentials required to establish a high-quality diesel engine research laboratory. A single-cylinder diesel engine is taken as the fundamental building block and the requirements for all essential sub-systems including fuel, intake, exhaust, coolant and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) are laid out. The measurement and analysis of cylinder pressure, and exhaust gas sampling/conditioning requirements for emission measurement are discussed in detail. The independent control of EGR and intake boost is also highlighted. The measurement and analysis techniques are supported with empirical data from a single-cylinder diesel engine setup. The emphasis is on providing the necessary guidelines for setting up a fully-instrumented diesel engine test laboratory.     

计算机辅助工程技术在废气再循环系统开发中的应用研究

针对柴油机废气再循环(Exhaust gas recirculation, EGR)系统传统开发流程中的计算机辅助工程(Computer aided engineering, CAE)技术应用的有效性、系统性和完整性等问题,以提升企业产品开发能力为目的,对CAE技术在柴油机EGR系统开发过程中的应用进行研究,在重新定义发动机CAE技术内容的基础上,以“整机-子系统-零部件”为开发模式,建立基于CAE技术的EGR系统开发流程。研究结果表明,仿真优化计算确定的EGR系统方案切实可行,在不明显影响柴油机动力性、经济性的情况下,NOx排放降低了20%左右,满足了EGR系统的开发目标;应用基于CAE技术的柴油机EGR系统开发流程,能够缩短开发周期,降低开发成本,提高开发质量,实现EGR系统开发过程的系统性、整体性和完整性,为EGR系统的有效开发提供一种新方法。     

文丘里管废气再循环系统对涡轮增压柴油机性能影响的研究

加装文丘里管的高压废气再循环(Exhaust gas re-circulation,EGR)进气系统,在兼顾柴油机经济性、动力性的前提下,研究该进气系统对NO_x排放的影响。根据一款柴油机的基本结构建立柴油机一维仿真计算模型和燃烧室的三维仿真计算模型。在对模型进行标定和对柴油机原机性能仿真计算的基础上,为进气系统引入文丘里管装置并对其结构参数进行优化设计。应用所建立的一维和三维柴油机模型,对文丘里管EGR系统柴油机的经济性、NO_x和Soot排放特性进行仿真计算研究,并对计算结果进行试验验证。研究结果表明,优化设计的文丘里管EGR系统可使柴油机在欧洲稳态循环(European steady state cycle,ESC)各工况下实现较为理想的EGR率,并在不明显影响柴油机燃油经济性的前提下,使NO_x排放量下降了约28.4%。文丘里管进气系统可以实现较为理想的高压EGR循环,在柴油机ESC工况下(怠速除外)能够达到较为理想的EGR率。     

A study of the fouling characteristics of EGR coolers in diesel engines

Diesel emission regulations have recently become more severe. An important goal in diesel engine research is the development of methods to reduce the emissions of NOx and PM (particulate matter). Cooled EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) system has been widely used to reduce the NOx and PM emissions of light-duty diesel engines. In this study, numerical analyses, rig tests and engine tests were performed to assess how changes in internal shape characteristics can improve the heat exchange efficiencies of EGR coolers. The heat exchange efficiencies of EGR coolers have been numerically and experimentally measured during a fouling process. The results show that the second type of oval EGR cooler tested (oval #2) exhibited better heat exchange efficiency than either the first type of oval EGR cooler was tested (oval #1) or the shell and tube cooler examined. The turbulence generated in exhaust gas flows by the wavy-finned design of the oval EGR coolers facilitated PM desorption that allows these coolers to self-purify. With respect to the two similar oval EGR coolers, the cooler with fin pitch 4 mm has better efficiency than the cooler with fin pitch 6 mm due to differences in the heat transfer areas of these coolers. Both CFD analyses involving extreme conditions of engine operation and engine fouling tests involving conditions experienced during vehicular operation indicate that the two oval coolers differed by less than 4% with respect to both initial heat transfer efficiency and heat transfer efficiency after a 78-hour fouling test.     

EFFECTS OF COOLED EXTERNAL EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION ON DIESEL HOMOGENEOUS CHARGE COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE

The effects of cooled external exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on the combustion and emission performance of diesel fuel homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) are studied. Homogeneous mixture is formed by injecting fuel in-cylinder in the negative valve overlap (NVO) period. So, the HCCI combustion which has low NOx and smoke emission is achieved. Cooled external EGR can delay the start of combustion effectively, which is very useful for high cetane fuel (diesel) HCCI, because these fuels can easily self-ignition, which makes the start of combustion more early. External EGR can avoid the knock combustion of HCCI at high load which means that the EGR can expand the high load limit. HCCI maintains low smoke emission at various EGR rate and various load compared with conventional diesel engine because there is no fuel-rich area in cylinder..     

基于 EGR 耦合米勒循环的柴油机排放控制技术

为了提升柴油机应用过程有害废气排放控制的效果,提出基于 EGR 耦合米勒循环的柴油机排放控制技术。以燃油燃烧各阶段为基础,构建柴油机燃烧模型,分别深入分析 EGR 技术与米勒循环技术对废气排放的影响,衡量指标为 EGR 率与米勒度。以废气排放影响分析结果为依据,以排放控制效果最佳为目标,确定 EGR 技术与米勒循环技术的最佳耦合方案,实现柴油机废气排放的最佳控制。实验数据表明,应用 EGR 耦合米勒循环技术后,废气排放量低于实际废气排放量,并低于 EGR 技术与米勒循环技术对应排放量,充分证实了该技术具备较好的排放控制效果,为大气环境保护提供帮助。     

柴油机电动EGR控制执行机构运动仿真分析

在汽车排放出的几种污染物中,氮氧化物(NOx)是较难控制的一种.采用废气再循环技术(EGR)降低氮氧化物(NOx)排放已被证实是较有效的措施,而且技术改动小,设计自由度大,因而日益受到了人们的重视.EGR系统的作用是将部分废气引出排气系统再送人进气系统,并对废气量进行最佳的控制与调节,以降低NOx排放.使用Pro/E对...     

Emission characteristics of exhaust gases and nanoparticles from a diesel engine with biodiesel-diesel blended fuel (BD20)

This experimental study sought to investigate the characteristics of the exhaust emissions, and nanoparticle size distribution of particulate matter (PM) emitted from diesel engines fueled with 20% biodiesel-diesel blended fuel (BD20). The study also investigated the conversion efficiency of the warm-up catalytic converter (WCC). The emission characteristics of HC, CO, NOx and nano-sized PM were also observed according to engine operating conditions with and without exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). The study revealed that the maximum torque achievable with the biodieseldiesel blended fuel was slightly lower than that achievable with neat diesel fuel at high-load conditions. Smoke was decreased by more than 20% in all 13 modes. While the CO and THC emissions of BD20 slightly decreased, the NOx emission of BD20 increased by 3.7%. Measured using the scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS), the total number and total mass of the nanoparticles in the size range between 10.6nm and 385nm were reduced by about 10% and 25%, respectively, when going from D100 to BD20. The particle number and mass for both fuels were reduced by about 43% when going from with EGR to without EGR. When EGR was applied in the engine system, the particle number and mass were reduced by 24%, and 16%, respectively, when going from D100 to BD20.     

The experimental investigations of recirculated exhaust gas on exhaust emissions in a diesel engine

The effects of recirculated exhaust gas on the characteristics of NOx and soot emissions under a wide range of engine loads were experimentally investigated by using a four-cycle, four-cylinder, swirl chamber type, water-cooled diesel engine operating at three engine speeds. The purpose of this study was to develop the EGR-control system for reducing NOx and soot emissions simultaneously in diesel engines. The EGR system is used to reduce NOx emissions, and a novel diesel soot removal device with a cylinder-type scrubber for the experiment system was specially designed and manufactured to reduce soot contents in the recirculated exhaust gas to the intake system of the engine. The experiments were performed at the fixed fuel injection timing of 4° ATDC regardless of experimental conditions. It was found that soot emissions in exhaust gases were reduced by 20 to 70% when the scrubber was applied in the range of the experimental conditions, and that NOx emissions decreased markedly, especially at higher loads, while soot emissions increased owing to the decrease in intake and exhaust oxygen concentrations, and the increase in equivalence ratio as the EGR rate is elevated.     

柴油机EGR瞬态参数采集处理与诊断系统

基于PCL-818HG型总线数据采集卡和S3C2410型高性能低功耗微处理器,开发了一种便携式柴油机废气再循环(exhaust gas recycle,简称EGR)瞬态参数的采集与诊断系统.运用DASYLab和Linux软件编写接口、标定与诊断程序,实现了对柴油机EGR系统的位移、压力、温度和转速等信号实时采集、处理与诊断等功能.依据柴油机瞬态测试循环法进行增压柴油机废气再循环系统的EGR阀自诊断、EGR率过大诊断和瞬态响应特性等试验.结果表明,该系统性能可靠、处理能力强、诊断精度高,能满足增压柴油机EGR性能瞬态参数的采集与诊断要求.