乳腺癌AgNOR计数与癌胚抗原的免疫组化研究

应用核仁组成区嗜银蛋白（ＡｇＮＯＲ）技术及癌胚抗原（ＣＥＡ）免疫组化染色对９８例乳腺良、恶性病变进行对比研究。结果表明：ＡｇＮＯＲ计数与肿瘤增殖活跃程度及生物学行为是一致的。乳腺癌中ＡｇＮＯＲ计数显著高于良性病变（Ｐ＜０．０１）。浸润癌ＡｇＮＯＲ计数比其他类型乳腺癌高。ＣＥＡ染色在乳腺良性病变中基本阴性,恶性病变中阳性率８０．８％。乳腺癌中ＡｇＮＯＲ计数与ＣＥＡ分布之间呈线性相关（ｒ＝０．８２,Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＣＥＡ阳性乳腺癌组与ＣＥＡ阴性组ＡｇＮＯＲ计数差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示：ＡｇＮＯＲ定量研究和ＣＥＡ分布在乳腺良、恶性病变的鉴别及肿瘤恶性程度的研究中具有相似的参考价值。     

细菌L型感染荷瘤小鼠肿瘤组织中癌基因蛋白的表达

本文探讨了金葡菌Ｌ型和结核菌Ｌ型感染荷瘤小鼠癌基因Ｐ２１、Ｐ５３及Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２产物的表达。结果发现感染小鼠上述癌基因产物水平较对照组小鼠明显升高（０．０１＜Ｐ＜０．０５）;实验组ＰＣＮＡ阳性细胞指数高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）;荷瘤感染小鼠存活期缩短,自发性肿瘤增多（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示细菌Ｌ型感染与肿瘤的发生、发展有关。     

脓毒血症大鼠心肌II型磷脂酶A_2活性变化及其调控

观察了脓毒血症大鼠心肌ＩＩ型ＰＬＡ２ 活性、蛋白质含量及其ｍ ＲＮＡ 的变化。结果发现, 脓毒血症早期与晚期心肌ＩＩ型ＰＬＡ２ 活性较对照组分别降低２５ ．０ ％ （Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０５）及增高４７．６ ％ （Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０１）,ＩＩ型ＰＬＡ２ 蛋白质含量分别降低２７．０％ 及增高４８ ．０ ％（ 均Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０１）; 心肌ＩＩ型ＰＬＡ２ ｍ ＲＮＡ合成率与含量呈现类似的双相变化, 在脓毒血症早、晚期ｍＲＮＡ 合成率分别降低４５．０％ 和升高７０．０ ％ （均Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０１）,ｍＲＮＡ含量分别降低３４．１ ％ 和增加１５７ ．０％ （均Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） 。脓毒血症早、晚期心脏ＩＩ型ＰＬＡ２ ｍ ＲＮＡ半衰期无显著变化（Ｐ ＞ ０．０５） 。实验结果表明大鼠脓毒血症发生过程中心肌ＩＩ型ＰＬＡ２ 活性呈现出先下降后升高的变化, 这一变化受其ｍＲＮＡ 转录水平的调节。     

微生态制剂4联活菌片治疗肠结核引起的腹泻的疗效观察

观察４联活菌片治疗肠结核引起的腹泻效果。结果治疗２周后治疗组有效率为９４．１％,对照组有效率为２９．０％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。治疗前与治疗２周后肠道内菌群变化：治疗前治疗组与对照组比较无差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）,两组与正常比较有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。治疗组治疗前、后比较有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。对照组治疗前、后比较无显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。治疗后治疗组与对照组比较有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。治疗后     

底物膜技术检测精子顶体酶活性的研究

应用底物膜技术检测１３０例正常精液,精子顶体酶活性百分率的正常值下限为５７％。４５９例不孕症病人精液分析,无精症２５例,其余４３４例中７５％精子顶体酶活性正常。实验表明精子密度对数值与顶体酶活性百分率之间有正相关,ｒ＝０．８４（Ｐ＜０．０１）,回归方程为顶体酶活性百分率ｙ＝４８．４３％＋（８．９％）（ｌｏｇ精子计数）。活动精子百分率与顶体酶活性之间有密切正相关,ｒ＝０．９６７,（Ｐ＜０．０１）,顶体酶活性ｙ＝３８．６％＋０、３６ｘ％。前向活跃直线运动精子百分率与顶体酶活性之间也有密切相关．ｒ＝０．９６,（Ｐ＜０．０１）,顶体酶活性ｙ＝３４．２１％＋０．６１ｘ％。     

丽珠肠乐对老年腹泻者肠道厌氧菌群、T淋巴细胞亚群、血清SOD及LPO的影响

本文应用双歧杆菌活菌制剂──丽珠肠乐治疗３０例老年腹泻患者。腹泻老年组治疗后与治疗前相比,治疗后外周血ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４、ＣＤ８及ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８比值均回升,ＣＤ４升高显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）,ＣＤ３相对升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）,ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８比值回升到正常水平（Ｐ＜０．０１）;血清ＳＯＤ活性亦升高到正常水平（Ｐ＜０．０１）,血清ＬＰＯ含量明显减低（Ｐ＜０．０５）;粪便中双歧杆菌、拟杆菌、乳杆菌数量显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）,Ｂ／Ｅ比值也随之升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）,而葡萄球菌和肠球菌数量明显减少（Ｐ＜０．０１和０．０５）．结果提示,丽珠肠乐对老年腹泻患者具有明显调整Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群免疫功能,提高血清ＳＯＤ活性,降低血清ＬＰＯ含量,扶植肠道厌氧菌群生长,改善肠道菌群紊乱的作用。     

细胞外基质对毛细血管瘤内皮细胞增殖演变的影响

本文采用免疫组织化学方法,观察了纤维连接蛋白,层粘连蛋白及基底膜Ⅳ型胶原三种细胞外基质（ＥＣＭ）成分在颌面部不同分期毛细血管瘤组织中的表达变化。结果表明增殖期ＥＣＭ表达阳性率明显高于退化期及退化完成期,有非常显著的差异性（Ｐ＜００１）。由此认为ＥＣＭ成分的含量变化是影响毛细血管瘤增殖退化病理演变过程的重要因素     

ras基因和表皮生长因子受体在胃癌中的表达及其病理临床意义

应用免疫组化方法检测ｒａｓ基因蛋白和表皮生长因子受体（ＥＧＦＲ）在７５例胃癌组织中的表达,研究它们与胃癌病理特征及预后关系。７５例胃癌ｒａｓ基因表达阳性率为４６．７％,与胃癌的分化程度,生长方式,浸润深度和淋巴转移呈明显正相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）;ＥＧＦＲ表达阳性率６１．３％,癌旁组织及新生血管有阳性表达;ＥＧＦＲ表达与胃癌大体类型,分化程度,生长方式和淋巴结转移呈正相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）;ｒａｓ蛋白表达与ＥＧＦＲ表达有明显关系（Ｐ＜０．０５）;Ｋａｐｌａｎ－Ｍｅｉｅｒ生存分析ｒａｓ蛋白和ＥＧＦＲ表达与胃癌的预后有明显的关系（Ｐ＜０．０１）。两者表达的检测有助于判断胃癌的恶性程度和预后估计。     

鼻咽癌细菌L型感染与P^53基因突变的研究

用免疫组化和革兰染色等技术,对６９例鼻咽癌进行细菌Ｌ型和突变型Ｐ５３蛋白检测,并以２０例鼻咽粘膜慢性炎作为对照。结果发现,革兰染色鼻咽癌细菌Ｌ型检出率为７９．７％,与免疫组化Ｌ型抗原表达阳性率（６９．６％）具有一致性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。鼻咽癌Ｐ５３蛋白表达阳性率为６５．２％,与粘膜慢性炎的Ｐ５３蛋白表达（１／２０）有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．００５）,且Ｌ型阳性病人的Ｐ５３蛋白表达阳性率（７８．２％）明显高于Ｌ型阴性病人（１４．３％）,两者有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．００５）。结果表明,细菌Ｌ型感染与突变型Ｐ５３蛋白过度表达存在着明显相关性。提示,细菌Ｌ型感染参与了Ｐ５３抑癌基因的失活,基因突变可能是细菌Ｌ型致鼻咽癌作用的机制之一。     

缺氧—再给氧刺激培养的脑微血管内皮细胞表达细胞间粘附分子—1

在缺氧－再给氧条件下,观察了体外分离培养的大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞表面粘附分子ＩＣＡＭ－１的表达及中性粒细胞与内皮细胞粘附作用的改变。结果表明,单纯缺氧１０ｈ不引起内皮细胞ＩＣＡＭ－１的上调,再给氧６ｈＩ－ＣＡＭ－１的表达升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）,再给氧１２ｈ表达量增加了１００％（Ｐ＜０．０１）,此时中性粒细胞与内皮细胞的粘附作用也明显增强（Ｐ＜０．０１）。缺氧前用盐酸川芎嗪（２ｍｇ／ｍｌ）预处理内皮细胞可阻断ＩＣＡＭ－１的表达（Ｐ＜０．０１）,同时也可降低ＰＭＮ与内皮细胞的粘附（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结果提示,脑微血管内皮细胞在缺氧－再给氧刺激下可自身调节Ｉ－ＣＡＭ－１的表达,为中性粒细胞与内皮细胞的粘附提供特异的结合位点。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.