丙碳脱碳溶剂的改进研究

介绍一种由丙碳、叔胺和少量活化剂构成的复合溶剂的开发，并详细地测定了不同压力和操作工况下，这种复合溶剂对ＣＯ２的吸收和解吸性能，以及溶剂的缓蚀性能和抗氧化性能．实验证明这种复合溶剂与纯丙碳相比，具有吸收容量大、速率快、脱碳净化度高、对设备无腐蚀等特点，对改进现行的丙碳脱碳工艺具有应用价值．     

小合成氨厂碳丙脱碳综述

针对目前小合成氨厂碳丙脱碳存在的问题,详细分析了影响碳丙脱碳装置正常生产的因素,总结了90年代以来人们在解决生产实践中诸多问题的经验和方法,并碳丙脱碳工艺作了总结与评述。     

合成氨工艺脱碳方法评述

介绍了4种脱碳方法的发展现状,并对其性能优劣进行评述:碳酸丙烯酯(PC)法不仅溶剂损失大,净化气中CO2含量高,而且碳丙溶液对碳钢有腐蚀,生产效率低,能耗高;N-甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA)法溶液损耗小,净化度高,且对设备无腐蚀;聚乙二醇二甲醚(NHD)法不仅溶剂损耗低,净化度高,而且对设备腐蚀极小,能耗低,工艺流程简单,投资低。低温甲醇洗法工艺流程复杂,设备较多,投资高,但运行成本较低,而且溶液具有较好的热稳定性和化学稳定性,吸收选择性好,净化度高。脱碳方法的评述将会对合成氨工业生产中脱碳方法的选取起到一定的参考启示作用。     

碳丙脱碳小改小革

碳丙脱碳小改小革（湖北省浠水氮肥厂４３６２００）在碳铵改产尿素的技术路线中，碳酸丙烯脂（简称碳丙）脱碳被广泛应用：由于生产线置和控制要求不尽相同，脱碳效果有较大差异．我厂系小碳铵改产小尿素厂家之一，碳丙脱碳装置２．７ＭＰａ系化工部第四设计院设计，该装...     

关于丙碳泵断轴事故分析

<正> 丙碳泵为丙碳脱碳工艺中主要设备之一。最近,我国有几家采用丙碳脱碳工艺流程的新建小联碱厂在开车过程中,不同程度地存在着丙碳泵运行失常的问题。主要表现为:电机电流过大;泵的出口压力偏高;有的泵甚至出现了断轴事故。     

2.7MPa碳丙脱央φ3000吸收塔装置的运行小结

介绍２．７ＭＰａ碳丙脱碳新装置的流程、设备概况,生产运行情况以及如何解决硫堵问题。     

丙碳脱碳法碳铵生产系统的腐蚀试验及探讨

本文针对采用丙碳脱碳法后碳化塔腐蚀日趋严重的问题,通过调研及有关电化学测试,对 PC(丙碳)、Cl~-、S~(2-)等因素对腐蚀的影响进行了研究与探讨,指出 S~(2-)含量过低是腐蚀恶化的主要原因,气体分布不均,操作温度经常超高对腐蚀也有重大影响,并提出缓解碳化塔腐蚀的有关防护措施。     

苯菲尔脱碳系统设备腐蚀的分析及处理

针对苯菲尔脱碳系统在正常运行时发生的设备腐蚀问题,从工艺和设备角度分析了腐蚀原因,发现脱碳循环量、开车期间钒化时间、总钾含量、总钒含量以及脱碳设备损坏都有可能加剧设备腐蚀。通过优化工艺参数、修复损坏的脱碳设备,降低了脱碳系统铁离子含量,解决了设备腐蚀问题,保证装置正常运行。     

降低吸收温度提高碳丙脱碳装置能力

某厂年产8万吨合成氨装置通过改造,扩大到11万吨,碳酸丙烯脂脱碳系统(简称碳丙)为适应合成氨能力增加的要求,也需进行改造。有两种方案可供选择,一种方案是按原设计吸收操作条件,扩建脱碳设备;另一种方案是充分利用原设计碳丙脱碳装置,根据碳丙脱碳的物理吸收特性,增加单位碳丙液溶解 CO_2量。第一种方案仿效原设计,增加吸收塔等设备,投资多一些,技术     

碳酸乙烯酯和碳酸丙烯酯复合溶剂的工业脱碳性能研究

在碳酸乙烯酯（乙碳）和碳酸丙烯酯（丙碳）复合溶剂脱除合成气ＣＯ２中试实验的基础上,就乙碳和丙碳的分子结构特点对乙碳和丙碳及两者复合溶剂的ＣＯ２吸收性能进行了比较,讨论了乙碳－两碳－水复合溶剂的相行为及其对工业操作的影响,并验证了乙碳－丙碳复合溶剂应用于工业的可行性及其特点。     

SOLUBILITY OF CO2AND H2S IN A MIXED SOLVENT

Mixed solvents are a combination of chemical and physical solvents and have some advantages over traditional treating solvents for the removal of acid gases from gas streams. The solubility of H₂S and CO₂in a mixed solvent consisting of AMP (2-amino-2-methyl-l-propanol), sulfolane, and water has been measured at 40 and 100°C at partial pressures of the acid gas to 6000 kPa. The solubility in the mixed solvent was compared with the solubility in an aqueous solution of equivalent amine concentration. At solution loadings less than 1 mol acid gas/mol amine, the solubility of the acid gas is lower in the mixed solvent than in the corresponding amine solvent. At higher loadings, the trend is reversed and the solubility is greater in the mixed solvent. The results are rationalized in terms of the effect of the physical solvent component on the chemical reaction and physical vapor-liquid equilibria. The solubility model of Deshmukh and Mather was used to correlate the data.     

SOLUBILITY OF CO2AND H2S IN A MIXED SOLVENT

Mixed solvents are a combination of chemical and physical solvents and have some advantages over traditional treating solvents for the removal of acid gases from gas streams. The solubility of H₂S and CO₂in a mixed solvent consisting of AMP (2-amino-2-methyl-l-propanol), sulfolane, and water has been measured at 40 and 100°C at partial pressures of the acid gas to 6000 kPa. The solubility in the mixed solvent was compared with the solubility in an aqueous solution of equivalent amine concentration. At solution loadings less than 1 mol acid gas/mol amine, the solubility of the acid gas is lower in the mixed solvent than in the corresponding amine solvent. At higher loadings, the trend is reversed and the solubility is greater in the mixed solvent. The results are rationalized in terms of the effect of the physical solvent component on the chemical reaction and physical vapor-liquid equilibria. The solubility model of Deshmukh and Mather was used to correlate the data.     

SOLUBILITY OF CARBON DIOXIDE IN AQUEOUS AND ANHYDROUS MIXTURES OF METHYLDIETHANOLAMINE AND TRIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER

Mixed solvents are a combination of chemical and physical solvents and are used for the removal of acid gases from gas streams. The solubility of CO₂ in a mixed nonaqueous solution of methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) (50 wt.%) and triethylene glycol monomethj'l ether (TEGMME) (50 wt.%) has been measured at 40°C. The data are compared with solubility data of CO₂ in pure TEGMME. The solubility of CO₂ has been measured at 40°C and 100°C in an aqueous mixed solvent consisting of MDEA (40 wt.%) and TEGMME (40 wt. %) and water (20 wt.%) at partial pressures of CO₂ up to 12 MPa. The solubility results were compared with the solubility in the nonaqueous mixed solvent and previously reported data of aqueous MDEA. The solubility model of Deshmukh and Mather was used to correlate the data.     

MgSO_4和Li_2SO_4对乙醇-水体系互溶性的影响

测定了 Mg SO4- C2 H5 OH- H2 O三元系在 - 5℃ ,0℃ ,30℃ ,35℃及 5 0℃和 L i2 SO4- Mg SO4- C2 H5 OH- H2 O四元系在 2 5℃的互溶度和相关系。结果表明 :Mg SO4可使完全互溶的乙醇 -水体系分层 ,且 Mg SO4在两层液相中的含量明显不同。L i2 SO4和 Mg SO4作为混合盐在乙醇 -水体系中的行为表现出加和性。L i2 SO4本身在室温范围下不会使乙醇 -水体系分层 ,但适量的 L i2 SO4与 Mg SO4混合可使乙醇 -水体系的分层温度从33℃下降至 15℃以下。另一方面 ,乙醇的存在不仅可以降低 Mg SO4和 L i2 SO4的溶解度 ,而且可促成 Mg SO4· 7H2 O的脱水。该三元系中 Mg SO4的溶解度随温度升高而增大 ,在乙醇中几乎不能溶解。在 30℃ ,35℃和 5 0℃下体系的平衡固相为 Mg SO4· 6 H2 O,其他温度下是 Mg SO4· 7H2 O。提出一个经验公式对互溶性进行了关联 ,效果很好     

Solubility of argon in acetone + water mixed solvent at 288.15, 298.15 and 308.15 K

Solubilities of argon were determined in acetone + water mixed solvent over the full range of composition using a static method. The gas solubilities were measured at three temperatures of 288.15, 298.15 and 308.15 K. The solubility dependence on the temperature in the mixed solvent was measured and discussed, and the similarity between excess quantities of mixed solvent and those of gas solubilities was examined. The order of gas solubility of argon in acetone + water mixed solvent at the three different temperatures was 288. 15 > 298.15 > 308.15 K in the composition range of 0 ≤ x₂2 ≤ 0.15. However, the reverse relationship with temperature was observed in the range of composition of 0.15 < x₂ ≤ 1.0. For all solubility curves, maximum and minimum values of solubility were observed at lower temperatures, but not at higher temperatures. Furthermore, the excess Ostwald coefficients on the basis of volume fraction which express the non-ideality of gas solubility in non-ideal solutions were defined, and they were expressed by a polynomial equation of the Redlich-Kister (1948) type.     

一氧化碳在苯酚+乙醇中的溶解度测量和关联

The solubility of carbon monoxide in phenol＋ethanol mixed solvents at elevated pressures is reported in this article. The experimental results revealed the influence of pressure on the solubility of CO in phenol＋ethanol mixtures. These mixtures are a poorer solvent for carbon monoxide. The solubility of CO is a linear function of pressure, and the extended Henry＇s constants were presented at different concentrations of phenol. The cubic Soave-Redlich-Kwong equation of state was used to correlate the experimental gas liquid equilibrium data and to predict the solubility of CO. At the same time, the binary interaction parameters, kO, for CO-phenol, CO-ethanol and phenol-ethanol systems were estimated by fitting experimental GLE data at 303.15 K and at 2.0-9.0 MPa. Hence, a model was suggested for the solubility of CO in phenol＋ethanol mixed solvents. The agreement between experimental and calculated solubilities with the proposed model was rather satisfactory.     

CO《,2》在碳酸二甲酯混合溶剂中的溶解度

为改善碳酸二甲酯(DMC),对CO<,2>气体的吸收性能,降低溶剂成本,在DMC中添加一定量的氨水、助溶剂形成拟均相混合CO<,2>吸收剂.用恒定容积法考察了不同条件下(助溶剂的类型、二乙二醇乙醚的比例、氨水的质量分数、氨水的比例和温度)混合溶剂(DMC+质量分数10%氨水+二乙二醇乙醚)的CO<,2>吸收性能.结果表...     

Solubilities of Isophthalic Acid in Acetic Acid + Water Solvent Mixtures

The solubilities of isophthalic acid (1) in binary acetic acid (2)+water (3) solvent mixtures were determined in a pressurized vessel. The temperature range was from 373.2 to 473.2K and the range of the mole fraction of acetic acid in the solvent mixtures was from x₂ 0 to 1. A new method to measure the solubility was developed, which solved the problem of sampling at high temperature. The experimental results indicated that within the temperature range studied, the solubilities of isophthalic acid in all mixtures showed an increasing trend with increasing temperature. The experimental solubilities were correlated by the Buchowski equation, and the calculate results showed good agreement with the experimental solubilities. Furthermore, the mixed solvent systems were found to exhibit a maximum solubility effect on the solubility, which may be attributed to the intermolecular association between the solute and the solvent mixture. The maximum solubility effect was well modeled by the modified Wilson equation.     

碳酸丙烯酯复合溶剂研究

对碳酸丙烯酯复合溶剂脱碳进行了研究,开发出新型的复合溶剂：碳酸丙烯酯十二乙氨基乙醇。这种复合溶剂吸收二氧化碳的能力是纯碳酸丙烯酯的１．７２倍。实验选出其中两种最佳配比的复合溶剂进行动力学研究,获得其传质系数关联式,并考察了流体力学和温度对传质系数ＫＬ的影响。     

超低分压下CO_2在NaOH和Na_2CO_3水溶液中的溶解度

在 1 0℃、 2 5℃、 35℃下分别测定了超低分压下CO2 在NaOH和Na2 CO3水溶液中的溶解度 ,并建立了该过程基于化学平衡和相平衡的数学模型。建立了一套CO2 在碱性水溶液中吸收的相平衡实验装置 ,并进行了实验测试和结果分析