What is the role of apheresis technology in stem cell transplantation?

Since the demonstration that hematopoietic cells are present in circulating blood, peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) has become an area of interest. The invention of growth factors such as the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and the availability of apheresis techniques allowed the wide application of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) in both autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation settings. It has been since 1986 that clinically introduced, peripheral blood stem cells replaced bone marrow as a stem-cell source to nearly 100% in the autologous and to approximately 75% in the allogeneic transplantation setting. During this period of time, remarkable development occurred in both stem cell mobilizing agents (i.e. CXCR4 antagonists) and apheresis techniques. Currently, apheresis technology is being increasingly used in not only for collection of PBSC or blood product support, but also for treatment and/or prevention of several transplantations related complications. Apheresis technology also allows to manipulate stem cells and thus provides opportunity to curative treatment of certain diseases.     

High-thoracic ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block for acute herpes zoster pain management in emergency department

Herpes zoster is a painful, eruptive, viral condition occurring with reactivation in immunosuppressed individuals. The selection of an effective analgesic method in the acute phase of herpes zoster can decrease the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia by reducing neural sensitization. The erector spinae plane block has been reported to provide diffuse and effective analgesia in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions. We report an effective decrease in pain with the application of the high-thoracic erector spinae plane block in the emergency department in a patient with herpes zoster pain in the cervicothoracic and shoulder region.     

Analysis of the Concept of Quality of Life

ABSTRACT. Nurses provide the constant human care that can make the difference between a life that is valuable to the last and a life that ends in humiliation, deprivation and suffering. Nurses, therefore, more than other health professionals, need a deep and reflective view of patients' value and quality of life. In this paper the concept of quality of life is analysed from a philosophical and scientific perspective. Quality of life in connection with treatment of a disease has its roots in the philosophical conception of the value of human life in general. Characteristics such as happiness, physical activity and interpersonal relations are what give life value and meaning. From the scientific viewpoint, it seems difficult to define the concept, given its multidimensional characteristics. However, the analysis indicates a growing interest among health-professionals to develop scientific intersubjectivity of the concept in terms of measurable parameters.     

临床护士能力测评方法的研究

介绍了护士能力的定义、能力评价内容、能力进阶制度,从临床理论、实践技能、心理测试等方面阐述了临床护士能力评价方法。     

中老年有移位股骨颈骨折全髋关节置换术和骨折内固定术临床比较

目的比较全髋关节置换术与骨折内固定术治疗中老年股骨颈骨折的疗效。方法将1995~2001年作者收治的112例50~70岁有移位的股骨颈骨折患者分为2组,A组为内固定术治疗62例,B组为全髋关节置换术治疗50例。随访36~75个月,术后1、3、5年功能评估。结果全髋关节置换组在手术时间,术后早期下床活动等方面具有一定的优越性,2组在合并症的发生率、住院时间和伤后入院手术时间比较,差异不显著(P>0.05);而并发症发生率(A组35.5%,B组10%)、扶双拐下地活动时间(A组90 d,B组14~21 d)及功能评价(术后3~5年B组优于A组),有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论全髓关节置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折的优点为:减少股骨颈骨折不愈合及股骨头坏死问题;早期下床活动,短期内恢复患者的正常生活能力;但存在假体磨损,假体松动等远期并发症。     

下肢深静脉瓣膜缩窄术治疗深静脉倒流性病变52条分析

目的：评价下肢深静脉瓣膜缩窄术的临床应用价值。方法：自1999年7月～2003年10月，选用通过彩超静脉造影等特殊检查，确诊为原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全(PDVI)，倒流为Ⅲ～Ⅳ级，倒流程度为轻和中度的患肢52条，施行股浅静脉缩窄术。结果：术后近期疗效良好，症状和体征完全或基本消失。46条患肢术后随访16～28个月，疗效良好者占86．8％(40／46)；病情好转者13．2％(6／46)。结论：本手术操作简便，合理选择手术适应证，是取得理想效果的关键。     

癌性大中量胸腔积液X线平片诊断(附50例X线分析)

本文分析了50例癌性大中量胸腔积液。其中大量30例，X线显示气管，心脏呈非一致性移位20例，不移位5例，一致性移位5例。中等量20例，X线显示液面曲线呈内高外低或呈波浪状16例，曲线正常4例。从胸部平片上观察纵隔移位和液面曲线改变来判断中央型肺癌的存在具有实用价值。     

1例同种异体单肺移植并同期心内畸形矫治术术后并发症的观察及预防

目的：总结1例终末期先天性心脏病同种异体单肺移植并同期心内畸形矫治术术后并发症的观察及预防措施。方法：术后给予科学的护理管理，严密监测生命体征变化，严格执行各项护理制度，及时发现和处理并发症。结果：本例患者顺利康复，生存质量良好。结论：精心的术后护理和正确地处理术后并发症是手术成功的关键。     

1例同种异体单肺移植并同期心内畸形矫治术术后并发症的观察及预防

目的:总结1例终末期先天性心脏病同种异体单肺移植并同期心内畸形矫治术术后并发症的观察及预防措施。方法:术后给予科学的护理管理,严密监测生命体征变化,严格执行各项护理制度,及时发现和处理并发症。结果:本例患者顺利康复,生存质量良好。结论:精心的术后护理和正确地处理术后并发症是手术成功的关键。     

全程护理干预对高龄股骨颈骨折患者术后生活质量的影响

目的:探讨全程护理干预对高龄股骨颈骨折患者术后生活质量的影响。方法:将60例高龄股骨颈骨折患者随机分为实验组和对照组各30例,对照组给予常规护理,实验组由责任护士负责从入院到出院至术后随访的全程护理干预。结果:实验组生活质量满意度、患肢功能恢复、心理适应能力明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:全程护理干预能明显提高高龄股骨颈骨折患者术后生活质量。     

全身核素骨显像对食管癌骨转移的诊断

目的：探讨食管癌患核素骨显象表现及胸部术后放疗后局部骨骼变化的鉴别诊断,方法：收集经病理实证的72例管食癌全身骨显像病例,经静脉注射^99mTc亚甲基二磷酸盐（MDP）555－925MBq后3－6h进行全身骨显像检查,结果,骨放射性异常浓聚40例,其中多骨性,多灶性浓聚25例,单骨性浓聚15例,病灶以胸椎,肋骨,骨盆多见,结论,放射性核素骨显像对食管癌患除可显示病骨浓聚转移灶外,还应注意手术及放疗后,对胸部相应骨骼所造成的影响。     

电员针—运动疗法治疗肩凝症生物力学初探

Objective To introduce the treatment for periarthritis of shoulder by detachment of impulse electrotherapeutic equipment and kinesiatrics,and discuss the principles of biomechanics.Method 76 cases with periarthritis of shoulder had been treated with electrotherapeutic equipment and tri dimensional movement,and mean treatment times were 8.2.Results 65 cases were fully recover,9 cases were effective,2 cases took a favorable turn and 0 case were non effective.Conclusion The therapeutic method is effective and aim directly at periarthritis of shoulder.We have explored the direction,strength and position of the force.     

改进护理质量评价方法对增强管理效应的作用

通过改进护理质量评价方法，即增加评价项目，调整分值，采取合格率乘以相应分值的方法评价护理质量，既注重达标，又强调达标以上的比较。做到了科学、客观地评价，充分发挥了护士长的主观能动性，提高了管理效应，调动了护理人员的积极性，提高了护理工作质量。     

胃肠内容物声学特性测定及其对HIFU治疗深腹部肿瘤时的影响

目的：探索胃肠内容物的声学特性及超声波经过胃肠内容物的衰减规律。方法：以胃内食物团块,小肠乳糜及四种类型粪便各10份样本为介质,测定超声波通过介质产生的延迟及衰减,求得声速,声阻抗及衰减系数。结果：胃肠内容物对超声波的传导具有很大的影响,结论：在进行腹腔内肿瘤HIFU治疗前必须进行充分的清理胃肠内容物准备。     

556例胰腺癌外科治疗总结

目的：回顾总结上海第二医科大学附属瑞金医院外科20世纪90年代以来收治的556例胰腺癌患者外科治疗的情况，探讨如何逐步提高胰腺癌外科手术治疗的安全性和疗效。方法：1990年1月～2000年12月间普外科收治的胰腺恶性肿瘤556例，其中胰头癌．403例，胰体尾部癌153例，将本组病例分成1990年1月～1995年12月及1996年1月～2000年12月两个阶段来对比分析。结果：行手术治疗367例，胰头癌与胰体尾部癌手术切除率分别为14．6％与14．4％，总手术切除率为14．6％。根治性手术死亡率分别为5％与4．6％；手术并发症发生率分别为37．5％与22．7％。根治性手术并发症主要是：胰瘘、胆瘘、出血、腹腔积液、感染、吻合口梗阻等。90年代后期，胰头癌组在手术切除率有了提高。同时根治性手术并发症发生率及手术死亡率也降低。胰体尾部癌组，手术切除率虽无提高，但根治性手术并发症发生率及手术死亡率均较前阶段明显降低。结论：最大限度地提高手术切除率和长期生存率，降低手术死亡率、并发症发生率的关键在于提高早期诊断率和建立一支专业手术组医师梯队。     

Biodynamic investigation on electr ic acupuncture-kinesiatrics in therapy of periarth ritis of shoulder

Periarthritisofshoulderisacommondiseaseinmiddle－agedoragedpeople，thetreatingmethodsaremanybutusuallyslowwithlongcourse．Weadoptedelectricacupuncture，combinedpulseelectrictherapy，maneuverdetachmentandkinesiatricsandgotsatisfyingeffect．１Subjectsandmethods１．１SubjectsIn７６cases，３４malesand４２females，withmeanageof５３（３０～７３）．Thewoundlocatedinleftshouldersin３３cases，rightshouldersin３９casesandbothshouldersin４cas－es．Thecoursesvariedfrom３weeksto１０years，meancourseof１０…     

Nurses' burnout and unmet nursing care needs of patients' relatives in a Turkish State Hospital

One of the biggest problems of work life today is burnout. With burnout, satisfaction of clients and service givers reduces. In this study, burnout levels of nurses working in the internal, surgical and intensive care units of a university hospital and the unmet needs of the patients' relatives related to nursing care were investigated. In the study, 225 nurses and 222 relatives of patients constituted the sample group of this study. Three separate forms were used in the study, namely, Nurse and Patient Relative Identification Form, the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Nursing Services Satisfaction Inventory. In the study, burnout levels of the nurses were found to be high. Conditions like younger ages, scarcity of experience in the profession, lower levels of education, having chosen the profession and the unit they work in not willingly and working in environments like intensive care increase the burnout and as a result, expectations of the relatives of patients from nursing care are not fully met. Some suggestions have been made to make some regulations to prevent the burnout of nurses and to increase the satisfaction of relatives.     

医院在加强管理前后细菌污染的比较

1988～1997年,对济宁市5所医院物体表面与工作人员手。消毒液、室内空气细菌污染情况进行了检测。以细菌总数未超标且未检出致病菌者为合格。加强管理后的1993～1997年与未加强管理时的1988～1992年相比，前两项的合格率有明显上升，而空气的合格率改善却不明显。