基于多尺度分析的遥感影像融合研究

本文对SPOT5的多光谱波段和全色波段在像素级的融合层次上运用多尺度分析的方法进行了融合试验,主要用了小波变换和Curvelet变换的方法,这两种变换方法都能把图像分解为低频的近似图像和高频的细节图像,采用一定的融合规则对分解后的图像进行融合,并进行反变换得到融合后的图像,并把基于多尺度分析的融合结果与传统的融合方法进行了对比分析。结果表明,基于多尺度分析的融合方法比传统的PCA、Brovey融合方法效果要好;而Curvelet变换融合在光谱保持度及空间信息提高方面都比小波变换融合有所提高。     

基于à trous小波变换的Landsat 7 ETM＋图像融合研究

 以胶州湾及周边海岸带为研究区，采用Landsat 7 ETM+数据，提出一种基于à trous小波变换的全色图像和多光谱图像融合改进算法。对全色图像和多光谱图像进行适当层数的小波分解，多光谱图像的低频部分采用全色图像和其低频分量的比来调制； 最高分解层外的其余分解层采用多光谱图像和全色图像在该层分解系数的加权和，加权系数由局部区域能量比来确定； 最高分解层则采用绝对值最大准则。实验表明，该方法得到的图像可提高空间分辨率，对多光谱图像的光谱信息扭曲也较小，为提高海岸带地物分类和信息提取精度奠定了基础。     

基于à trous小波变换的Landsat 7 ETM^＋图像融合研究

以胶州湾及周边海岸带为研究区，采用Landsat 7 ETM^＋数据，提出一种基于à trous小波变换的全色图像和多光谱图像融合改进算法。对全色图像和多光谱图像进行适当层数的小波分解，多光谱图像的低频部分采用全色图像和其低频分量的比来调制；最高分解层外的其余分解层采用多光谱图像和全色图像在该层分解系数的加权和，加权系数由局部区域能量比来确定；最高分解层则采用绝对值最大准则。实验表明，该方法得到的图像可提高空间分辨率，对多光谱图像的光谱信息扭曲也较小，为提高海岸带地物分类和信息提取精度奠定了基础。     

基于IHS变换的最优树分解在遥感图像融合中的应用

探讨了遥感多光谱与全色波段图像的融合问题，分析了基于IHS变换的小波包变换分解的遥感图像融合方法，提出了基于最优树分解的融合方法。此方法首先将多光谱图像进行IHS变换，然后对I分量和全色图像进行小波包分解和最优树分解，再进行融合，最后进行IHS 逆变换得到融合图像。此方法不仅得到较好的图像主观视觉效果，而且兼顾了客观上熵最大的原则。     

基于à trous小波变换的Landsat 7 ETM+图像融合研究

以胶州湾及周边海岸带为研究区,采用Landsat 7 ETM 数据,提出一种基于à trous小波变换的全色图像和多光谱图像融合改进算法.对全色图像和多光谱图像进行适当层数的小波分解,多光谱图像的低频部分采用全色图像和其低频分量的比来调制;最高分解层外的其余分解层采用多光谱图像和全色图像在该层分解系数的加权和,加权系数由局部区域能量比来确定;最高分解层则采用绝对值最大准则.实验表明,该方法得到的图像可提高空间分辨率,对多光谱图像的光谱信息扭曲也较小,为提高海岸带地物分类和信息提取精度奠定了基础.     

中巴资源卫星（CBERS-02B）遥感影像数据融合研究

在阐述和分析中巴资源卫星（CBERS-02B）数据特点的基础上,对像素级融合的方法进行分析,重点针对CBERS-02B星上的多光谱和全色数据进行融合算法的实验,分别采用主成分变换和小波变换融合,然后使用PCA与小波分解相结合的融合方法,最后对不同融合算法结果从均值、标准方差、信息熵、扭曲度等指标进行了比较分析与评价。     

资源三号卫星影像融合方法的比较与评价

针对建筑物密集的城区、自然景观的农村和混合景观的城郊3种区域,采用HIS、Brovey、PCA、Gram-Schmidt和小波融合5种融合方法,将ZY-3多光谱和全色影像进行像素级融合,使融合后的图像在提高空间分辨率的同时尽量保留光谱信息。从空间信息和光谱信息的角度对融合结果进行定量评价,辅以定性分析,得到适合不同区域ZY-3影像的图像融合方法。     

改进的小波域多聚焦图像融合算法

小波变换和清晰度评价相结合是一种有效的多聚焦图像融合方法。首先,对源图像进行小波分解得到低频子带和高频子带,其次,引入多聚焦图像空域融合中的清晰度评价指标,用改进的梯度能量确定低频部分的清晰像素并进行融合;在高频子带上,先计算每个像素与其邻域像素灰度值之差的绝对值和,然后选取和值较大的像素系数作为高频子带的融合系数。两组实验仿真结果表明,该算法更有效,融合图像更清晰、细节更丰富,更好地继承了源图像的信息。     

基于像素和区域特征组合的小波变换图像融合

小波变换的图像融合是一种多尺度、多分辨率的图像融合方法。本文针对基于单像素和基于区域特征融合的不足,提出一种两者组合的方法,在小波分解的低频系数采用基于像素最大值选择规则,高频系数采用区域窗口内源图像的均值滤波掩膜叠加规则,并通过与其他方法定量和视觉比较,表明该方法能很好地提高影像的分辨率和保留原有多光谱影像的光谱信息,融合效果较好。     

基于特征的遥感图像信息融合模式研究

基于图像特征的遥感图像信息融合是在突出目标地物的空间结构和纹理特征情况下的信息融合。本文在数字图像小波多分辨率分析理论基础上,采用小波变换方法对高分辨率遥感图像的目标地物边缘进行信息增强,然后与多光谱遥感图像进行特征信息融合。在融合过程中,首先对多光谱图像中的R、G、B三个波段的图像进行小波分解,得到相应的低频图像,并对特征增强后的高分辨率图像进行小波分解,再将分解后的高频图像分别与低频图像进行融合,最后经RGB合成为彩色图像。该方法既改善了图像的清晰度和分辨率,同时也保留了原图像的光谱信息。本文最后通过融合实验验证了上述结论。     

A comparative analysis of pansharpening techniques on QuickBird and WorldView-3 images

Nowadays, different image pansharpening methods are available, which combine the strengths of different satellite images that have different spectral and spatial resolutions. These different image fusion methods, however, add spectral and spatial distortions to the resultant images depending on the required context. Therefore, a careful selection of the fusion method is required. Simultaneously, it is also essential that the fusion technique should be efficient to cope with the large data. In this paper, we investigated how different pansharpening algorithms perform, when applied to very high-resolution WorldView-3 and QuickBird satellite images effectively and efficiently. We compared these 27 pansharpening techniques in terms of quantitative analysis, visual inspection and computational complexity, which has not previously been formally tested. In addition, 12 different image quality metrics available in literature are used for quantitative analysis purpose.     

A novel image-fusion method based on the un-mixing of mixed MS sub-pixels regarding high-resolution DSM

A major reason for the spectral distortions of fused images generated by current image-fusion methods is that the fused versions of mixed multispectral (MS) sub-pixels (MSPs) corresponding to panchromatic (PAN) pure pixels remain mixed. The MSPs can be un-mixed spectrally to pure pixels having the same land cover classes in a fine classification map during the fusion process. Since it is difficult to produce such a land cover classification map using only MS and PAN images, a Digital Surface Model (DSM) derived from airborne Light Detection And Ranging data were employed in this study to facilitate the classification. In a novel fusion method proposed in this paper, MSPs near and across boundaries between vegetation and non-vegetation are identified using MS, PAN, and normalized Digital Surface Model (nDSM). The identified MSPs then are fused to pure pixels with respect to the corresponding land cover class in the classification map. In a test on WorldView-2 images over an urban area and the corresponding nDSM, the fused image generated by the proposed method was visually and quantitatively compared with fused images obtained using common image-fusion methods. The fused images generated by the proposed method yielded minimal spectral distortions and sharpened boundaries between vegetation and non-vegetation.     

基于Shearlet变换的SAR与多光谱遥感影像融合

针对合成孔径雷达（SAR）影像和多光谱遥感影像在融合时空间特征和光谱特征方面不能同时得到较大改善的问题,提出了一种基于成像特性的Shearlet变换域下的多源遥感影像融合方法。利用Shearlet变换的多方向和多尺度分解特性,将多光谱影像和SAR影像分别分解为高频和低频系数,从影像区域能量特征和区域相关性入手,设计了基于区域能量的低频系数融合规则和改进型的脉冲耦合神经网络的高频系数融合规则,使融合结果能够包含更多空间细节信息和光谱信息。利用TerraSAR-X、Landsat5-TM影像进行实验,结果表明该方法在提高影像空间细节表达能力的同时能够较好地融合更多的光谱信息。与小波变换、非下采样轮廓波变换（Nonsubsampled contourlet Transform,NSCT）等方法相比,该方法在空间信息保有量和光谱信息保有量方面都有明显的提升,其中交叉熵有接近100%的提升幅度,互相关系数有高于25%的提升幅度,光谱扭曲度有优于40%的提升幅度。     

多卫星传感器数据的Brovey融合改进方法

提出一种针对当前不同卫星传感器数据融合的新方法。该方法基于Brovey融合方法的思想,充分考虑了不同卫星传感器全色影像与多光谱影像的光谱范围差异以及光谱响应差异,通过公式推导建立了基于权重系数β和比例系数w两个因子的全色影像与多光谱影像的关系式,并根据这两个因子重新构建了Brovey融合过程中的乘积系数。改进后的方法有效地改善了传统Brovey融合方法的光谱畸变问题。将上述方法应用于北京1号、SPOT 4/5、Landsat5(TM)以及环境一号卫星数据之间的4例融合实验中,并与Brovey融合、Modified IHS融合方法进行定性和定量评价,结果表明其综合性能优于其他方法,在细节融入度高的基础上,仍能保持良好的光谱信息,而且保留了Brovey融合快速的优点,易于推广和应用。     

A GIHS-based spectral preservation fusion method for remote sensing images using edge restored spectral modulation

High spatial resolution and spectral fidelity are basic standards for evaluating an image fusion algorithm. Numerous fusion methods for remote sensing images have been developed. Some of these methods are based on the intensity–hue–saturation (IHS) transform and the generalized IHS (GIHS), which may cause serious spectral distortion. Spectral distortion in the GIHS is proven to result from changes in saturation during fusion. Therefore, reducing such changes can achieve high spectral fidelity. A GIHS-based spectral preservation fusion method that can theoretically reduce spectral distortion is proposed in this study. The proposed algorithm consists of two steps. The first step is spectral modulation (SM), which uses the Gaussian function to extract spatial details and conduct SM of multispectral (MS) images. This method yields a desirable visual effect without requiring histogram matching between the panchromatic image and the intensity of the MS image. The second step uses the Gaussian convolution function to restore lost edge details during SM. The proposed method is proven effective and shown to provide better results compared with other GIHS-based methods.     

多源信息融合中小波变换的应用研究

研究了小波变换在多源信息融合中的应用,主要涉及高分辨率全色影像与低分辨率多光谱影像融合问题及合成孔径雷达与光学影像的融合问题.主要方法是基于地物光谱信息特征的彩色融合与基于几何特征的融合.利用小波技术对整个融合过程加以改进.获得的融合结果表明基于光谱特征信息的融合方法,可以有效地提高多光谱影像的空间分辨率,而基于几何特征的融合方法,可以提高对遥感影像的目视解译效果.视觉效果上就是将高分辨率影像的细节加入到了低分辨率多光谱影像中,并同时保持原始影像的光谱特征.     

Fusion of multispectral and panchromatic Satellite images using the curvelet transform

A useful technique in various applications of remote sensing involves the fusion of different types of satellite images, namely multispectral (MS) satellite images with a high spectral and low spatial resolution and panchromatic (Pan) satellite image with a low spectral and high spatial resolution. Recent studies show that wavelet-based image fusion provides high-quality spectral content in fused images. However, the results of most wavelet-based methods of image fusion have a spatial resolution that is less than that obtained via the Brovey, intensity-hue-saturation, and principal components analysis methods of image fusion. We introduce an improved method of image fusion which is based on the amelioration de la resolution spatiale par injection de structures (ARSIS) concept using the curvelet transform, because the curvelet transform represents edges better than wavelets. Because edges are fundamental in image representation, enhancing the edges is an effective means of enhancing spatial resolution. Curvelet-based image fusion has been used to merge a Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus Pan and MS image. The proposed method simultaneously provides richer information in the spatial and spectral domains.     

基于稀疏表示和字典学习的全色与多光谱影像融合

Pansharpening方法通过融合多光谱影像的光谱信息和全色影像的空间细节信息来得到高分辨多光谱影像。然而传统的Pansharpening方法易导致产生光谱扭曲和空间信息丢失现象。受到影像稀疏表示超分重建理论启发,本文提出了一种新的基于稀疏表示和字典学习的Pansharpening方法。该方法以影像的高频特征作为训练样本,通过字典学习的方法来获取高低分辨率影像字典,使用正交匹配追踪算法求解出影像的稀疏表示系数,最终通过高分辨影像字典与稀疏系数相乘得到融合影像。实验结果表明:本文提出的方法能很好地保持遥感影像的光谱信息和空间细节信息。     

Improved IHS Algorithm for Fusing High Resolution Satellite Images of Urban Areas

The intensity-hue-saturation method is used frequently in image fusion due to its efficiency and high spatial quality. The main shortage is its spectral distortion stemmed from replacement of intensity band with higher resolution image. In this study, a new method is introduced to improve the spectral quality of the Intensity-Hue-Saturation (IHS) algorithm. The goal of this study is to produce the fused image that has a better spectral and spatial quality with respect to the original images in term of visual comparison and the classification result. In this regard, an improved statistical approach is developed to combine an intensity band from IHS algorithm and an input high resolution image such as SAR or Panchromatic image. Then the intensity image is replaced by the combined image band. Final fused images are attained using the inverse IHS algorithm. The proposed fusion algorithm is tested on two data sets of: a) panchromatic and multi spectral bands of IKONOS image with the same acquisition date, and b) multi spectral and HH bands of IKONOS and TerraSAR-X images respectively with different acquisition dates. Moreover, the obtained results are compared with other fusion methods like IHS, Gungor, Brovey and synthetic variable ratio. The results show less spectral discrepancy of the proposed method comparing to other methods. Finally, the outcome of proposed method is classified and classification overall accuracy is improved by 5.6 and 2 percentage for data set ‘a’ and ‘b’ respectively.     

高光谱影像光谱-空间多特征加权概率融合分类

提出了一种基于光谱-空间多特征加权概率融合的高光谱影像分类方法。首先,利用最小噪声分离(minimum noise fraction,MNF)方法对高光谱影像进行降维和特征提取,并以得到的MNF特征影像作为光谱特征,联合灰度共生矩阵(gray level co-occurrence matrix,GLCM)提取的纹理特征、基于OFC算子建立的多尺度形态学特征以及采用连续最大角凸锥(sequential maximum angle convex cone,SMACC)提取的端元组分特征,组成3组光谱-空间特征;然后利用支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)对每一组光谱-空间特征进行分类,得到每组特征的概率输出结果;最后,建立多特征加权概率融合模型,应用该模型将不同特征的概率输出结果进行加权融合,得到最终分类结果。为了验证该方法的有效性,利用ROSIS和 AVIRIS影像进行试验,总体分类精度分别达到97.65%和96.62%。结果表明本文的方法不但较好地克服了传统基于单一特征高光谱影像分类的局限性,而且其分类效果也优于常规矢量叠加(vector stacking,VS)和概率融合的多特征分类方法,有效地改善了高光谱影像的分类结果。