基于HPLC指纹图谱的亳白芍不同炮制品标准汤剂7个成分含量测定

建立亳白芍不同炮制品标准汤剂HPLC指纹图谱,其中生白芍、炒白芍和酒白芍标准汤剂分别标定16、14和13个共有峰,同时测定亳白芍不同炮制品标准汤剂中7种化学成分(没食子酸、氧化芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、芍药苷、苯甲酸、1,2,3,4,6-五没食子酰葡萄糖和苯甲酰芍药苷)含量,经炒制后标准汤剂中芍药内酯苷和苯甲酸含量升高,氧化芍药苷、芍药苷含量降低,酒白芍标准汤剂中芍药苷含量升高,苯甲酸含量降低,并对含量测定结果进行聚类分析,同一批亳白芍及其炮制品可聚为一类,但聚类距离缩小后生品和炮制品各聚为一类。建立的HPLC指纹图谱和含量测定方法具有良好的重现性,且简便快速,二者结合可直观反映出亳白芍炒制、酒制后的变化差异。     

化学模式识别结合HPLC指纹图谱的僵蚕质量评价研究

建立HPLC指纹图谱结合化学模式识别技术对僵蚕药材进行质量评价。采用Insertsil ODS-3(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈-0.1%磷酸水溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,检测波长365 nm,流速0.8 mL/min,进样量10μL,柱温30℃。采用相似度评价、聚类分析、主成分分析等化学模式识别方法,对不同来源的20批僵蚕药材进行质量分析和评价。建立的指纹图谱标定了9个共有峰,指认了5个峰,1号峰为芦丁,2号峰为金丝桃苷,4号峰为紫云英苷,6号峰为槲皮素,7号峰为山奈酚,并将9个共有峰峰面积与其性状、总灰分、酸不溶性灰分、浸出物及白僵菌素含量进行相关性分析。结果表明本研究建立的僵蚕HPLC指纹图谱结合化学模式识别的方法可靠、易行,方法重复性好、专属性强,与药材性状、总灰分、浸出物及白僵菌素含量等质控指标均有一定的相关性,为后续僵蚕药材的质量控制提供依据和参考。     

不同产地野生与栽培伊贝母药材水溶性成分指纹图谱研究

目的:建立伊贝母药材水溶性成分高效液相色谱指纹图谱,为科学评价和有效控制其质量提供可靠的方法。方法:采用HPLC-DAD方法,以Kromasil C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇和水,梯度洗脱,流速0.5 mL·min-1,柱温25℃,检测波长:260 nm。采用药典委员会颁布的中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统2004 A版软件,对29批野生与栽培伊贝母药材进行指纹图谱分析。结果:29批伊贝母药材中有14个共有特征峰,建立了HPLC指纹图谱共有模式。各批次伊贝母药材相似度都在0.714以上,29批野生与栽培伊贝母药材可通过系统聚类分成5类,不同产地野生与栽培药材组成质量相似性较好,并定量测定了样品中的β-胸苷和腺苷。结论:所建立的HPLC指纹图谱及定量分析均具有良好的精密度、重复性、稳定性,可用于伊贝母药材的质量综合评价。     

基于HPLC指纹图谱和含量测定的不同产地半边莲药材质量评价研究CSCD

建立半边莲药材高效液相色谱(HPLC)指纹图谱,并对有效成分地奥司明和蒙花苷的含量进行测定,为不同产区半边莲药材的质量评价提供参考。HPLC指纹图谱的建立采用Thermo Acclaim C_(18)(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液,流速为1.0 mL/min,梯度洗脱,检测波长为340 nm,柱温为35℃,进样量为10μL;通过质谱分析结合对照品比对,对共有峰进行鉴定;借助中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2012.130723版本)对指纹图谱进行相似度评价,通过聚类分析(HCA)、主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘法-判别式分析(OPLS-DA)比较不同产区半边莲药材的质量差异;并对半边莲药材地奥司明和蒙花苷的含量进行测定。结果显示,18批半边莲药材指纹图谱具有11个共有峰,质谱分析和对照品比对,共确证4个共有峰,分别为木犀草素7-二葡萄糖苷酸、海常黄苷、地奥司明和蒙花苷;与mzCloud标准数据库比对,对另外4个共有峰进行了结构预测。相似度评价结果显示,河南、安徽两个产区的半边莲药材较为相似,另外4个产区的半边莲药材相似度较为一致。HCA和PCA均将不同产区的半边莲药材分为两类,其中河南、安徽两个产区的样品归为一类,湖北、贵州、江西和湖南产区的样品归为另一类,结果与相似度评价结果基本一致。OPLS-DA发现7个差异性标志物,根据VIP值排序,分别为峰2>峰1>峰10>峰11>峰3>峰8>峰5。含量测定结果显示,3批河南产区和安徽产区的半边莲药材地奥司明和蒙花苷的含量明显高于其他产区。该方法可以有效评价不同产区半边莲药材的质量差异性,为其质量控制和药材选购提供参考。     

不同规格青皮药材UPLC特征图谱和多指标成分含量对比研究CSCD

建立个青皮、四花青皮超高效液相色谱(UPLC)特征图谱,结合多成分含量测定,为完善不同规格青皮药材的质量控制提供参考。采用Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm)色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-0.1%甲酸溶液,流速为每分钟0.30 mL,梯度洗脱,检测波长为275 nm,柱温为40℃,进样量为1μL;建立15批个青皮和15批四花青皮的特征图谱,通过对照品比对并结合光谱分析,对共有峰进行鉴定;借助中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统对15批个青皮和15批四花青皮的特征图谱进行相似度评价,通过聚类分析(HCA)、主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(OPLS-DA)比较两种规格青皮的差异,寻找差异性成分;并对两种规格青皮药材5种有效成分含量进行对比研究。结果显示,个青皮和四花青皮特征图谱均有7个共有峰,指认出其中5个峰,分别为辛弗林、芸香柚皮苷、橙皮苷、川陈皮素和橘皮素;HCA和PCA将青皮药材按规格不同大致分为两类,OPLS-DA发现3个差异性标志物,分别为峰1(辛弗林)、峰4和峰2(橙皮苷)。含量测定研究结果显示,个青皮中辛弗林和橙皮苷的含量高于四花青皮,四花青皮中川陈皮素的含量高于个青皮,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。该方法可以有效鉴别不同规格的青皮药材质量的差异性,为其质量控制提供参考。     

复方甘草片HPLC指纹图谱及7成分测定

本文建立了复方甘草片的HPLC指纹图谱及吗啡、磷酸可待因、芹糖甘草苷、甘草苷、苯甲酸钠、异甘草苷、甘草酸7成分测定方法。采用50%甲醇水溶液对复方甘草片提取后,用HPLC-UV法进行测定;色谱条件为:Welch Ultimate AQ-C_(18)色谱柱(5μm,4.6 mm×250 mm);乙腈-0.02 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液(pH4.0)为流动相,梯度洗脱;流速1.0 mL/min;检测波长220、254 nm;柱温35℃;进样量10μL。采用国家药典委员会"中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统"(2012年版)建立18批样品指纹图谱,并同时测定7成分含量。结果显示18批复方甘草片指纹图谱相似度均大于0.95,共有27个共有峰,通过与对照品对照保留时间鉴定了14个共有峰。吗啡、磷酸可待因、芹糖甘草苷、甘草苷、苯甲酸钠、异甘草苷、甘草酸在各自浓度范围内线性关系良好(r0.999 0),平均加样回收率94.73%～104.45%,RSD 0.68%～3.89%。本方法简便、快速、准确,可用于复方甘草片的质量控制。     

基于HPLC指纹图谱结合化学计量学的甘草微波制与传统炮制的差异研究

分别建立生甘草、蜜炙甘草、清炒甘草及微波制甘草的HPLC指纹图谱,生甘草和蜜炙甘草均标定了17个共有峰,炒甘草和微波制甘草均标定了14个共有峰,4、5、11号峰为生甘草和蜜炙甘草的特有峰;不同炮制品相对应成分峰面积大小有所不同;混合对照品指认出的5个峰分别为:2号峰芹糖甘草苷,3号峰甘草苷,8号峰异甘草苷,10号峰甘草素,16号峰甘草酸;指纹图谱相似度除样品S5、C1、C5的相似度在0.883～0.900之间外,其余均大于0.914,说明甘草样品经不同方法炮制后总体相对稳定。聚类分析(CA)结果显示,生甘草、蜜炙甘草能够各自聚类,能够明确判别;炒甘草和微波制甘草聚为一类,无法明确判别。主成分分析(PCA)结果显示甘草四种炮制品基本各自聚类,有明显差异,主要差异成分峰为8号峰,是异甘草苷。偏最小二乘-判别分析(PLS-DA)结果显示甘草四种炮制品各自聚类效果良好,但清炒甘草和微波制甘草二者比较集中,结果和CA一致。因此,分别对微波制甘草及清炒甘草、微波制甘草和生甘草、微波制甘草和蜜炙甘草建立正交偏最小二乘-判别分析(OPLS-DA)模型,均具有良好的预测能力。OPLS-DA的差异成分分析变量重要性投影(VIP)结果显示,微波制甘草和生甘草的主要差异色谱峰为2、1、8号色谱峰,微波制甘草和清炒甘草的差异成分峰为7、2、9、15、6、13、17、16、14号色谱峰,微波制甘草和蜜炙甘草的主要差异色谱峰为8、13、7、16号色谱峰。以上研究确定出了甘草经微波加热炮制后与生品、蜜炙品、清炒品的差异成分,实验方法准确度高,重复性好,为现代微波加热炮制方法的可行性提供参考。     

芦荟的HPLC指纹图谱建立、化学模式识别分析及其含量测定

采用Phenomenex C₁₈色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇-乙腈-0.3%磷酸水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,建立芦荟的指纹图谱。运用化学模式识别方法对不同产地芦荟药材质量控制方法进行评价。结果表明:12批芦荟HPLC指纹图谱共标定23个共有峰,并通过对照品指认其中6个成分;除了广西的3批药材之外,其他药材相似度都在0.93以上;聚类分析和主成分分析将12批芦荟分为3类;利用正交偏最小二乘判别法筛选出芦荟药材差异的5个色谱峰,并以相同HPLC法对其进行含量测定。本文将HPLC指纹图谱与化学模式识别相结合的方法简便准确,为芦荟药材的质量控制和品质评价提供依据。     

鲜鱼腥草UPLC特征图谱及5种指标成分含量测定研究

为建立鲜鱼腥草药材UPLC特征图谱及5种指标成分含量同时测定的方法,本研究采用UPLC技术,以乙腈∶0.1%磷酸水溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,流速0.3 mL/min,检测波长分别为254和326 nm,同时测定不同产地16批鲜鱼腥草药材中新绿原酸、绿原酸、隐绿原酸、金丝桃苷、槲皮苷含量及特征图谱,采用超高效液相色谱-质谱(UPLC-MS)对共有峰进行了指认。实验结果显示,本研究建立的特征图谱及含量测定方法符合方法学要求,5种指标成分的含量均有不同程度的差异;特征图谱共标定了7个共有峰,指认了其中5个峰;不同产地鲜鱼腥草药材与对照特征图谱的相似度在0.890～0.999之间;聚类分析和主成分分析均可将16批鲜鱼腥草分为3类,不同类别间质量存在差异;主成分综合得分结果表明浙江金华种植的鲜鱼腥草质量最优,其次是四川彭州、广汉、绵阳等地。结果表明本研究建立的UPLC特征图谱及5种指标成分含量同时测定方法可用于鲜鱼腥草药材质量的综合评价。     

基于HPLC指纹图谱和多成分定量评价不同品种百合鲜品质量

目的：建立3种不同品种百合鲜品HPLC指纹图谱，并同时测定其中5种成分。利用聚类（CLA）、主成分分析（PCA）等方法考察不同来源百合质量，为其质量控制评价提供参考。方法：HPLC梯度洗脱法建立了20批百合鲜品的指纹图谱，通过中药指纹图谱相似度评价软件进行相似度评价，采用聚类、主成分分析等进行分析。并同时测定5种成分的含量。结果：标定15个色谱共有峰，20批药材共有峰相似度为0.930～0.997；通过聚类分析分为2类；PCA筛出累积方差贡献率达86.70%的2个主成分；偏最小二乘法-判别分析（OPLS-DA）结果表明不同来源百合药材存在明显差异，对样品有显著影响的色谱峰分别为3号、6号（王百合苷C）和10号。三种分析方法所得结果基本一致。结论：所建立的HPLC指纹图谱和多指标成分定量方法可行，可为系统评价不同品种百合提供一些参考。     

Comparative chemical profiling of three TCM drugs in the Paeoniaceae family by UPLC-MS/MS combined with chemometric methods

Paeoniae Radix Rubra (Chi-Shao in Chinese) and Paeoniae Radix Alba (Bai-Shao in Chinese) are two valuable traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) drugs, usually indicated for menstrual disorders and viral infections. Paeonia anomala subsp. anomala (Xinjiang-Shaoyao in Chinese) is taken as Chi-Shao substitute in Xinjiang, China. Due to the diverse growing conditions, there are some differences in chemical compositions of three TCM drugs. An UPLC fingerprint analysis with chemometric methods, including similarity analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis, was applied in the study. By virtue of UPLC-QTOF-MS, 29 components including 18 monoterpene glycosides, 5 galloyl glucoses and 6 phenolic compounds were simultaneously identified. It could be concluded that the UPLC-QTOF-MS combined with chemometric methods could efficiently identify the three TCM drugs, and was a powerful approach for the chemical profiling of three TCM drugs. The developed method provide an available approach for quality control of three TCM drugs.     

高速逆流色谱法从白芍中分离纯化五没食子酰基葡萄糖

本文建立高速逆流色谱(HSCCC)方法,从白芍粗提物中分离纯化五没食子酰基葡萄糖.分别采用正己烷-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-水体积比0.5∶5∶1∶5及0.5∶5∶0.5∶5混合溶剂作为两相溶剂体系,上相为固定相,下相为流动相,转速为800 rpm,流速为2.0 mL/min,用HPLC检测及ESI-MS进行验证.经过两次HSCCC分离纯化,得到五没食子酰基葡萄糖纯度为95.7％.     

赤芍和白芍新鲜花瓣正己烷提取成分GC-MS分析

目的:赤芍和白芍新鲜花瓣正己烷提取成分比较分析。方法:正己烷浸出法提取新鲜花瓣挥发性物质,GC-MS分析、鉴定其化学成分。结果:从赤芍新鲜花瓣挥发性物质中鉴定出33种化学成分;白芍新鲜花瓣挥发性物质中鉴定出35种化学成分。二者中的主要成分为棕榈酸,二十三烷,二十五烷,二十七烷,二十九烷等。赤芍花瓣含有更多小分子芳香类成分,如苯乙醇、法尼醇类等;白芍缺少这些成分,其芳香类成分有β-沉香醇、反式-橙花椒醇等。结论:赤芍(野生芍药)与白芍(栽培芍药)花瓣芳香气成分有差异。     

Determination of paeoniflorin in rat hippocampus by high-performance liquid chromatography after intravenous administration of Paeoniae Radix extract

A rapid and simple high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay for the determination of paeoniflorin in rat hippocampus was developed in this study. The chromatographic analysis was carried out using reversed-phase isocratic elution with a Zorbax SB-C(18) column, a mobile phase of methanol-water (32:68, v/v), and detection by ultraviolet (UV) absorption at 233 nm. The lower limits of quantitation (LLQ) were 1 microg/ml for paeoniflorin. The calibration curve for paeoniflorin was linear (r = 0.9999) over the concentration range of 1-50 microg/ml. The coefficients of variation of intra- and inter-day assays were 7.00, 0.58, 1.46% and 5.48, 1.79, 1.70% at concentrations of 1, 10, 50 microg/ml, respectively. The recoveries of paeoniflorin from rat hippocampus were 98.28 +/- 2.14, 98.96 +/- 1.48, and 95.34 +/- 0.92 at concentrations of 1, 10 and 50 microg/ml, respectively. Stability studies showed that paeoniflorin was stable at temperatures of 2-8 degrees C in methanol for at least 20 days. The method was applied to determine the time course of paeoniflorin in rat hippocampus, following the administration of a 60 mg/kg i.v. dose of paeoniflorin in Paeoniae Radix extract to a male Wistar rat.     

Immunoregulation and antioxidant activities of a novel acidic polysaccharide from Radix Paeoniae Alba

Radix Paeoniae Alba is widely used in Chinese traditional medicine to treat various diseases such as gastrointestinal disorders, immunomodulatory, cancer, and other diseases. In this paper, a novel acidic polysaccharide RPAPS purified from Radix Paeoniae Alba was evaluated for its structural features and potential of immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities. RPAPS (molecular weight: 1.0× 105 Da) was mainly composed of α-(1 → 4)-Glcp, α-Arap, α-Galp, α-Rhap, β-D-Glcp, α-(1 → 6)-linked Glcp and GalA. Immunological tests indicated that RPAPS could improve RAW264.7 phagocytic activity and LPS-induced splenocyte proliferation. For antioxidant activities, RPAPS showed reducing power and DPPH scavenging activity in dose dependent. Moreover, RPAPS could significantly protect the PC12 cells from H2O2 damage. These data implied polysaccharides RPAPS had the potential to be novel natural antioxidative and immunopotentiating agents for using in functional foods or medicine.     

金线莲HPLC指纹图谱研究

以14批不同来源金线莲药材为原料,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC),乙腈-甲酸水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,建立栽培及野生金线莲(Anoectochilus roxburgii)的指纹图谱,结合相似度分析,探讨金线莲与银线莲(Goodyera hachijoensis)的差异。结果表明,金线莲HPLC指纹图谱标定了24个共有峰,并指认了金线莲苷和葫芦巴碱、鼠李素-3-O-芸香糖苷、槲皮素、山柰酚、异鼠李素、Batatasin-Ⅲ等6个共有峰。除3批药材外,其余11批相似度均高于0.910,相似度总体较好。银线莲图谱相似度仅达0.529、0.721、0.698,均低于14批金线莲样品间的相似度。根据相似度评价,认为金线莲与银线莲存在差异,该结果可为分析评价金线莲与银线莲差异提供参考。     

Batch-to-Batch Quality Consistency Evaluation of Botanical Drug Products Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis of the Chromatographic Fingerprint

Botanical drug products have batch-to-batch quality variability due to botanical raw materials and the current manufacturing process. The rational evaluation and control of product quality consistency are essential to ensure the efficacy and safety. Chromatographic fingerprinting is an important and widely used tool to characterize the chemical composition of botanical drug products. Multivariate statistical analysis has showed its efficacy and applicability in the quality evaluation of many kinds of industrial products. In this paper, the combined use of multivariate statistical analysis and chromatographic fingerprinting is presented here to evaluate batch-to-batch quality consistency of botanical drug products. A typical botanical drug product in China, Shenmai injection, was selected as the example to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach. The high-performance liquid chromatographic fingerprint data of historical batches were collected from a traditional Chinese medicine manufacturing factory. Characteristic peaks were weighted by their variability among production batches. A principal component analysis model was established after outliers were modified or removed. Multivariate (Hotelling T ² and DModX) control charts were finally successfully applied to evaluate the quality consistency. The results suggest useful applications for a combination of multivariate statistical analysis with chromatographic fingerprinting in batch-to-batch quality consistency evaluation for the manufacture of botanical drug products.     

Identification and quantification of C21 steroidal saponins from Radix Cynanchi Atrati by high-performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection and electrospray mass spectrometric detection

High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI/MS) and evaporative light scattering detection (HPLC-ELSD), respectively, has been performed for the simultaneous identification and quantification of six C(21) steroid saponins, including cynanversicoside A, B, D, G, glaucoside C and glaucogenin C-3-O-beta-d-thevetopyranoside in Radix Cynanchi Atrati. The extraction of the C(21) steroidal saponins was performed using a B-811 Buchi Universal Extraction System in Warm Solvent Mode, and the analyte was concentrated by column chromatography before HPLC analysis. The chromatographic separation was performed on an Agilent Zorbax Extend C(18) analytical column efficiently using gradient elution with acetonitrile and water. The method was validated with acceptable linearities (r > 0.9991) and recoveries (98.2-101.3%). The limits of detection of the C(21) steroid saponins were from 0.2 microg for glaucogenin C-3-O-beta-d-thevetopyranoside to 0.5 microg for cynanversicoside B. The intra- and inter-day precisions of the method were evaluated and were less than 5.0%. The method was successfully used to analyse 20 batches of Radix Cynanchi Atrati. The content of C(21) steroid saponins in the plant material varied significantly from habitat to habitat, confirming the necessity to control the quality of Radix Cynanchi Atrati during its preparation and application in the clinic.