肿瘤干细胞与肿瘤转移

肿瘤干细胞具有不断自我更新、抗凋亡和耐药等特性,随着肿瘤干细胞（或干细胞样肿瘤细胞）研究的不断深入,它在肿瘤发生发展中的作用及其临床治疗价值日益显现。本文就肿瘤干细胞发现的历史、调节机制及其在肿瘤转移中的作用作一综述。     

Rural Dwellers' Cancer Fears and Perceptions of Cancer Treatment

Abstract The purpose of this study was to explore differences in cancer fears and perceptions of cancer treatment among four rural groups: men with cancer, men caregivers, women with cancer, and women caregivers ( N = 590). The four groups differed in their cancer fears. About half or less feared pain, nausea, body disfigurement, and sexual problems from cancer. Over two-thirds were worried about finances and decreases in quality of life. More worried about separation from loved ones than worried about death. The four groups differed only slightly in perceptions of treatment. The majority thought chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation were important treatments. A larger percentage saw nutritional interventions and biologicals as unimportant in cancer prevention or treatment. Nurses need to address fears and perceptions of cancer treatment with persons experiencing cancer and their families. In addition, these persons and their families need support for decisions regarding cancer treatment.     

无瘤技术观念在乳腺癌手术配合中的应用

目的探讨无瘤技术在乳腺手术配合中的应用。方法术中严格执行无瘤技术操作，重点保护好手术创面和切缘、合理使用和放置手术器械、肿瘤切除后器械和术野的处理。结果回顾性的总结836例乳腺癌病人，术后局部复发转移病例102例，占12．2％，其中胸壁复发者11例，占复发转移病例的10．8％，低于其他文献报导的14％。结论手术室护士强化无瘤技术观念，术中严格执行无瘤技术，可以减少肿瘤细胞种植，降低局部复发率。