印度尼西亚某红土镍矿还原焙烧-磁选试验

印度尼西亚某低品位红土镍矿含镍1.57%、含铁21.67%,其中镍主要以硅酸镍形式存在。为将该矿石的镍含量提高到6%以上以符合印度尼西亚政府对出口红土镍矿的规定,以硫酸钠和碳酸钠为助熔剂,进行了还原焙烧-弱磁选试验。试验结果表明,当煤用量为25%、硫酸钠+碳酸钠的配比和总用量分别为3∶1和20%、焙烧温度为1 200 ℃、焙烧时间为60 min、磨矿细度为-0.074 mm占85%、磁场强度为96 kA/m时,可获得产率为22.06%、镍品位为6.05%、镍回收率为85.03%、铁品位为65.74%、铁回收率为66.92%的镍铁精矿,其镍品位超过印度尼西亚出口红土镍矿的品位下限。     

煤种对红土镍矿直接还原焙烧—磁选的影响

以三种煤为还原剂,研究了不同煤种对镍红土矿还原焙烧—磁选的影响,结果表明,煤的种类对还原过程有较大影响,石煤为还原剂时,镍铁精矿中可获得较高的镍品位和回收率,而铁的品位和回收率较低,可以实现镍的选择性还原。确定的最佳工艺条件为石煤作还原剂,用量为5%,IN为助熔剂,用量为15%,焙烧温度为1250℃,焙烧时间为40min。在此条件下可以得到镍品位8.97%、镍回收率82.64%的镍铁精矿。     

腐殖型红土镍矿还原焙烧—磁选半工业试验

为进一步探究还原焙烧—弱磁选富集工艺处理红土镍矿的试验效果及可行性,在实验室小型试验基础上,在44 m推板烧结窑上进行了还原焙烧半工业试验。结果表明,焙烧温度为1 150℃左右,焙烧时间为90 min,煤配比为20%,助溶剂组分元明粉、苏打、硼砂配比为6∶2∶1、用量为22.5%,还原产品磨矿细度为-0.074 mm占85%,弱磁选磁场强度为80 kA/m情况下,可获得含Ni 6.39%、回收率73.84%,含Fe 77.72%、回收率64.24%的镍铁精矿。该镍铁精矿可作为产品直接出售,也可进一步精炼为高品位镍铁合金,实现了该腐殖型红土镍矿的有效利用。     

镁质红土镍矿焙烧—磁选的因素影响规律

还原焙烧—磁选是处理镁质红土镍矿的常用工艺,为考察还原焙烧—磁选过程中各因素对镍分选效果的影响规律,研究以青海某低品位镁质红土镍矿为原料,采用正交试验方法进行试验,并对正交试验结果进行了极差和方差分析。结果表明,料层厚度和磁场强度是影响还原焙烧—磁选镍粗精矿产率及回收率的显著因素,而焙烧温度、焙烧时间以及还原剂用量是影响还原焙烧—磁选镍粗精矿产率及回收率的不显著因素。还原焙烧—磁选分选镍的粗选作业最优条件为:还原剂用量为5%、还原温度为800℃、料层厚度为10mm、还原时间为30 min、磁场强度为200 k A/m,在此条件下,可获得产率22.88%、回收率38.99%的镍粗精矿。研究对镁质红土镍矿现场生产具有重要的参考意义。     

甲烷作用下硅镁型红土镍矿低温还原焙烧-磁选镍铁精矿

选自云南元江的硅镁型红土镍矿在不同条件下进行甲烷低温还原,并通过磁选得到镍铁精矿。结果表明,还原温度在600~900℃,对镍和铁的品位和回收率影响很小,镍和铁的回收率随温度的变化趋势是一致的;镍和铁的品位及回收率随着还原时间的延长逐渐增加;甲烷浓度的增加使得镍和铁的品位降低,回收率则增加;在还原温度为800℃、还原时间为90 min条件下,当硫酸钠的添加量从5%增加到20%时铁的品位和回收率逐渐减小,而镍的品位和回收率则逐渐增加。用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜及能谱(SEM-EDS)分析还原过程中硅镁型红土镍矿矿相和微观结构的变化,结果表明精矿主要是镍以及铁的氧化物,并且精矿中铁的品位远远高于镍的品位。     

低品质红土镍矿选择性还原-磁选制备镍铁合金

以TFe品位21.70%、Ni品位1.92%的低品位红土镍矿为原料,采用回转窑选择性还原-磁选工艺制备镍铁合金,研究了还原温度、磨矿方式以及磁场强度对镍铁回收率的影响。结果表明,适宜的工艺参数为: 还原温度1150 ℃、细磨(磨矿时间3 min)、磁场强度150 mT,此条件下所得镍铁合金中镍品位7.26%、镍回收率96.06%、铁品位85.15%、铁回收率89.23%,实现了低品位红土镍矿中铁、镍高效回收利用,并且镍铁中碳、磷和硫含量均在要求范围内。     

润磨对红土镍矿选择性还原的影响及其机理

红土镍矿石中镍铁的回收通常采用还原焙烧—弱磁选工艺,为了强化对红土镍矿石中镍的选择性还原,研究了红土镍矿石、还原煤和添加剂硫酸钠的混合物料润磨对镍选择性还原的影响,并分析了其强化机理。研究结果表明:(1)在研究润磨细度范围内,润磨对试样的选择性还原有强化作用,当混合物料细度从-0.074 mm占52.00%提高至-0.074 mm占75.49%,镍铁产品镍品位由6.58%提高至9.27%,镍精矿品级由三级升至特极,而且镍回收率也由91.56%提高至95.57%,镍、铁回收率之差从54.30%提高至68.52%。(2)润磨能够使试样的粒度减小、充分暴露镍矿物的新鲜表面,使试样、褐煤和硫酸钠充分混匀,从而提高试样中目标矿物与褐煤和硫酸钠接触反应的概率,强化镍的选择性还原。(3)润磨基本不影响焙烧产品的矿物组成,主要影响焙烧产物的微观结构,使细小的镍铁合金颗粒聚集长大,这有利于镍铁合金颗粒在后续磨矿中实现单体解离。(4)润磨细度为-0.074 mm占75.49%时,镍铁产品镍铁品位之和仅为80.33%,主要是由于镍铁产品中存在连生体和脉石的机械夹杂,其次也与镍铁颗粒存在渗碳有关。连生体的存在和脉石的机械夹杂可通过二段磨矿—弱磁精选工艺进行降杂,镍铁颗粒的渗碳则难以避免。     

还原剂对低品位红土镍矿直接还原焙烧-磁选的影响

以褐煤、烟煤、无烟煤和兰炭作为还原剂, 对低品位红土镍矿进行了直接还原焙烧-磁选实验研究。结果表明, 还原剂种类、粒度和用量对还原过程有较大影响, 其中褐煤作为还原剂时还原效果最好。最佳实验条件为: 红土镍矿原料粒度-0.075 mm, 还原剂(褐煤)粒度为-0.25 mm、用量4%, 焙烧温度1 200 ℃, 焙烧时间90 min, 焙烧后焙砂磨细至-0.05 mm, 在磁场强度0.3 T下粗选再在0.1 T下精选, 可得到镍品位3.2%、镍回收率82%、铁品位65%、铁回收率69%的镍铁精矿。     

煤种类及添加剂对红土镍矿选择性直接还原的影响规律

以含Ni 1.49%, Fe 34.69%的红土镍矿为研究对象, 采用煤基直接还原法选择性还原镍铁矿物, 研究并分析了焙烧过程中还原剂和添加剂种类及用量、焙烧温度以及焙烧时间对镍铁选择性还原的影响规律。结果表明: 以宁夏烟煤为还原剂, NCS为添加剂, 1 200 ℃焙烧50 min, 磁选得到镍铁产品中含镍9.51%, 镍的回收率为84.04%, 镍铁回收率差为54.49%。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)及X射线能谱分析(EDS)等测试手段分析了磁选镍铁产品中镍铁的存在形式, 结果表明: 红土镍矿直接还原过程中铁矿物大部分被还原成浮士体, 仅有少部分铁矿物被还原成金属铁, 并与镍矿物还原金属镍形成铁纹石和镍纹石, 实现了红土镍矿中镍铁的选择性还原。     

红土镍矿深度还原-磁选试验研究

采用深度还原-弱磁-强磁工艺对低品位红土镍矿进行了开发利用研究,重点研究了深度还原合适的温度、还原时间、配碳系数、料层厚度、强磁精矿返回量等参数。研究表明,适宜的深度还原条件为：还原温度1 275 ℃、还原时间50 min、配碳系数2.5、料层厚度25 mm、强磁精矿返回量占原矿量的25%,还原产物经弱磁选（场强为130 kA/m）,可获得镍、铁品位分别为6.96%、34.74%,镍、铁总回收率分别为94.06%、80.44%的优质镍铁精矿产品;同时富含大量细小镍铁颗粒的强磁精矿是红土镍矿深度还原的优质成核剂。     

Market and recycling of NiMH battery

<正>Market status and future trend of NiMH battery1.Global market of small NiMH battery Global market size of small NiMH batteries declined year on year since 2011.The trend will continue to 2018,at the rate of 5%to 10%annually.Demand for small NiMH batteries will be stable gradually.Many electrical apparatuses are powered by the built-in lithium battery today,which is the main reason for the shrunk market of small NiMH batteries.But,for some products,small NiMH     

China rare earth market review

正September 1-10,2014 Affected by the National Day holiday,rare earth transaction was stagnant and the market showed a weak steady state.As there was no good news for downstream market,some products with flat demand would likely rally slightly for some time to     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent materialindustry(continued)

<正>Developing ecological lighting source The world is facing the big problem of energy shortage today and the contradiction between economy development and environmental protection is worsened.Therefore,people are more likely to choose an ecological light source that is more energy efficient and environmental friendly.The choice provides great opportunity for the development of rare earth optical material industry in China.The concept of green lighting positions rare earth luminescent material as a leading player in illumination market.The light source of both rare earth luminescent lamp and LED lamp is ecological and energy saving.This is why     

Galaxy Magnets achieved the net profit of 34.02 million yuan in the first six months of 2014

正Galaxy Magnet announced its financial results for the first half of 2014 on August 14.For the first six months ended on 30 June 2014,Galaxy Magnet achieved operation income of RMB 182.3 million,up8.40% over the same period of 2013,and the net profit attributable to the shareholders of the listed company of 34.02 million yuan,increasing 35.49% over the same period of last year.Stable performance increase was led by development of new customers and application market of magnets.     

Rare Earth Application in Steel in China

<正>China has rich rare earth resources.Output of rare earth and steel in China ranks the top first in the world.However,there is still certain distance between the steel produced in China and developed countries from the point of varieties and quality.China still has to import some types of steel.Improving the quality should be emphasiZed in future development of steel industry in China.Rare earth can be used to upgrade traditional steel     

China rare earth market review

正November 21~30,2014Due to weak demand from downstream industries,transactions of rare earth in Chinese domestic market were inactive.It was difficult to sell any rare earth products except for dysprosium oxide and terbium oxide.Suppliers lost confidence in recent market.Demand for rare earth products was soft.Consumers continued to take a wait-and-see attitude.Rare earth export market remained slow.     

稀散金属产业的观察与思考

分析了近年来国内外稀散金属产业的生产、应用、资源与市场状况.铟锡氧化物靶材、砷化镓晶片、锗红外材料、铼高温合金和硒在电解锰及玻璃的应用等已成为稀散金属的主要应用领域.稀散金属的产量快速增长达到历史高位而导致了市场的失衡.以GaInP_2/GaAs/Ge,CIGS和CdTe为代表的非硅系太阳能电池是稀散金属的新兴应用领域,将给稀散金属带来日益增长的需求.     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent material industry

<正>Rare earth luminescent material is one of the most important application sectors of rare earths.China enjoys the exceptional advantage to develop rare earth luminescent material for its abundant rare earth resources.After several decades'endeavor,China's rare earth luminescent material industry,headed by rare earth phosphor for lamp and LED and high efficient rare earth energy-saving light source,has been gradually developed into a scale industry.China has become a major production base of rare earth phosphor for lamps and rare earth     

China rare earth market review

正June 1~10,2014Rare earth market remained weak.Quoted price of rare earth products was similar to that in May.There was no sign of recovery in downstream market.The market of NdFeB magnetic materials and phosphor was depressed.Catalyst,polishing powder and ceramic industries remained inactive.Demand from downstream industry was soft.Consumers purchased on their needs.Suppliers had strong intention to sell.Prices of rare earth products     

2014 second batch of rare earth quota released

正~~