家用燃气灶常见故障及排除办法

家用燃气灶故障影响了居民的正常生活甚至威胁居民的生命财产安全。本文介绍了家用燃气灶的分类及工作原理,指出并分析了家用燃气灶常见的故障,并给出了解决的方法。     

环保节能电磁灶

与燃气灶相比，电磁灶具有独特的优势，它造型简洁、节能环保，并且省空间，是一种理想的家用灶具。     

燃气灶检测重点项目分析与质量改进

本文通过对家用燃气灶重点检测项目分析,提出了一些关于燃气灶检测的建议和提高燃气灶质量的改进方法。     

家用燃气灶的综合评价与发展方向

作为家用燃气灶的研究者与生产者,仅仅用技术指标来评价家用灶已不能适应商品经济条件下对产品的要求。本文定性地指出了其综合评价因素,并提出了家用燃气灶未来发展的三个方向。     

家用燃气灶的综合评价与发展方向

作为家用燃气灶的研究者与生产者，仅仅用技术指标来评价家用灶已不能适应商品经济条件下对产品的要求。本文定性地指出了其综合评价因素，并提出了家用燃气灶未来发展的三个方向。     

燃具用旋塞阀市场现状和市场规模预测

分析家用燃气灶、集成灶、燃具用旋塞阀市场现状,介绍灰预测模型GM(1,1)建模步骤和预测方法。基于2015-2019年家用燃气灶和集成灶市场规模数据,通过灰预测模型GM(1,1)计算,结合多方数据机构的预测数据,预测2020-2024年家用燃气灶和集成灶市场规模,借此对2020-2024年的燃具用旋塞阀市场规模进行预测。     

家用燃气灶重点检测项目分析

家用燃气灶的普及给千家万户的生活带来方便。但由于少数灶具质量问题引发事故，给人民生命财产造成损失。下面就质量重点检测项目分析并提出燃气灶检测的建议和提高家用燃气灶质量的改进措施和方法。     

家用燃气灶燃用掺氢天然气的实验研究

采用实验方法,研究掺氢比对家用燃气灶(采用大气式燃烧器)的燃烧工况、热负荷、热效率与污染物排放量等的影响。随着掺氢比增大,火焰内锥逐渐变短,火焰逐渐变硬,未出现脱火、离焰、黄焰等不正常燃烧现象。当掺氢比为0%、10%时,未检出熄火爆鸣。当掺氢比达到20%后,家用燃气灶出现轻微的熄火爆鸣。随着掺氢比继续增大,熄火爆鸣出现的次数与最大声压级也逐渐增大,但仍满足GB 16410—2020《家用燃气灶具》表2的熄火噪声等效声级小于等于85 dB的规定。随着掺氢比增加,实测折算热负荷逐渐降低。与掺氢前相比,掺氢比为20%、30%时,热负荷分别下降10.4%、11.4%。家用燃气灶实测热效率随掺氢比增大而降低。当掺氢比小于等于20%时,家用燃气灶实测热效率虽然随掺氢比的增大保持下降趋势,但幅度很小。当掺氢比大于20%后,家用燃气灶实测热效率的下降速率显著增大。烟气中一氧化碳的体积分数随掺氢比增大而减小,氮氧化物的体积分数变化不明显。家用燃气灶燃用掺氢天然气时,掺氢比宜低于30%。     

透过浓雾看节能——燃气灶节能问题探析

“新修订《家用燃气灶具》国家标准规定，燃气灶具热能利用率为≥55％，这表明实际上有近一半的热能被浪费而无法加以利用，也就是说节能还有着相当的空间。随着能源日益紧张、节能越发成为燃气灶市场上的宣传重点之一，不仅名目众多，[编按]     

提高家用大气式燃气灶热效率的方法

通过分析家用大气式燃气灶加热过程,根据能量守恒定律和燃烧及传热原理,从提高热吸收和减少热损失方面研究提高热效率的方法。经过试验验证,设计旋流火盖、设置二次空气独立流动通道、适当增大内圈火热功率等方法可显著提高家用燃气灶热效率。     

家用燃气灶具火焰长度的试验研究

搭建了家用燃气灶具火焰长度试验台,在不同的工况下测量了灶具的火焰长度。火焰长度随着燃气压力增加和燃气流量增加而增加。燃烧中一次空气量要与燃气量相匹配,一般情况下,一次空气量增加,火焰长度减小。但一次空气量过大,会使火焰长度增加,影响燃气燃烧和锅的吸热。一次空气量过小,会导致扩散燃烧过程延长,火焰长度增加,不利于燃气燃尽。在一次空气调节挡板全关时,火焰由预混燃烧火焰转变为扩散燃烧火焰,火焰长度陡然增加很多。     

民用燃具的运行特性

燃气成分的变化将引起燃气燃烧特性的改变,燃具热负荷、一次空气系数、火焰结构及燃烧稳定性发生变化。分析了当燃气成分发生变化时,配有大气式燃烧器的民用燃具在不加任何调整的情况下,其运行工况的变化规律,这对燃气互换性和燃具适应性的研究以及燃具的设计均有实际意义。     

上海地区燃烧火焰稳定性与燃气互换性研究

通过配制不同比例，华白数和燃烧势各异的人工燃气，利用家用燃气热水器和家用灶具得到家用燃具的回火曲线，离焰曲线和不完全燃烧曲线，从而确定上海地区燃烧火焰的稳定性和燃气互换性区域。     

上海城市燃气燃烧稳定性研究

以民用燃具燃烧器燃烧稳定性实验为基础，对上海市掺混天然气后的城市煤气与原人工煤气的火焰稳定性进行比较，提出了不稳定工况产生的原因和解决的办法。     

空气槽孔燃烧器的研究开发

以理论和实验相结合的方法,对空气槽孔燃烧器进行了开发研究,较好地解决了家用燃气快速热水器烟气中CO含量不稳定,小负荷时黄焰、回火,熄火噪音大,表面过热等问题,并以实验样机对燃烧器和热水器整机进行了验证。     

Effect of oxygen on flame heat flux in horizontal and vertical orientations

A systematic empirical and analytical study was conducted to directly quantify the effect of enhanced ambient oxygen concentration on flame heat flux at bench scale and its ability to represent large-scale flame heat flux of well-ventilated fires. The Advanced Flammability Measurements Apparatus was used to conduct bench scale horizontal and single wall vertical orientation experiments for black polymethylmethacrylate, propylene gas and black polyoxymethylene. The key aspect of this study was direct experimental measurements of flame heat flux back to the burning surface for 20.9–40% ambient oxygen concentrations over a range of applied heat flux. The total flame heat flux, as well as the radiative and convective components, was experimentally measured with various gages. To gain more insight into the effects of oxygen, the flame emissivity, flame height and flame temperature were measured and used to calculate the radiative and convective components of the flame heat flux. Gas burner experiments were conducted to decouple the solid and gas phase effects of the ambient oxygen. Large scale tests of black polymethylmethacrylate were conducted in a horizontal orientation and literature data was used for single wall vertical orientations for comparison to the bench scale, enhanced oxygen results. The main conclusion is that the flame heat flux in enhanced ambient oxygen bench scale does not simulate large-scale flame heat flux in horizontal orientations but simulates a more severe large-scale geometry (parallel wall) in vertical orientations and is useful for evaluation of materials’ vertical flame spread potential.     

惰性气体抑制丙酮蒸气爆炸实验对比研究

以丙酮为研究对象,利用HY-12474型爆炸极限测试装置,测试丙酮蒸气的爆炸极限以及氮气、二氧化碳、七氟丙烷对丙酮蒸气爆炸的抑制效果.相比较而言,丙酮蒸气退出可爆范围,氮气、二氧化碳和七氟丙烷的浓度分别为32％、26％、13％.随着惰性气体的加入,氮气和二氧化碳使丙酮蒸气的火焰传播速度逐步降低.七氟丙烷的加入,在贫燃浓...     

Evolving fire retardant material issues: A cable manufacturer's perspective

Material compositions for both copper and optical fiber building cables are currently being reevaluated in view of increasing domestic and international concerns regarding combustion with respect to smoke emission, corrosive combustion gases, and material chemical composition. The rationale and driving force behind an increasing desire for data and telecommunications cables with unique chemical or combustion characteristics vary among the global community. Several specific differences between the domestic and international emphasis with respect to fire hazard assessment testing procedures are discussed. For applications which are suitable for particular combustion characteristics, a balance of a multitude of combustion and cable performance parameters is suggested as being the most beneficial.A study designed and coordinated by AT&T Bell Laboratories was conducted to investigate the combustion properties of a wide range of highly flame retardant cable materials. A total of 39 commercial and developmental materials were tested. There were 24 materials classified as nonhalogen and 15 materials containing halogens beyond contamination levels. The cone calorimeter and a combustion gas exposure system were used to examine combustion parameters such as heat release and smoke release while also exploring the corrosivity of combustion gases. Copper metal loss corrosion was determined by resistance changes in circuit probes exposed to combustion gases of each material.The data indicated that a significant distribution overlap exists between the halogenated and the nonhalogenated classifications with respect to both heat release and smoke release. Several halogenated compounds produced significantly less total heat and smoke at the end of the test duration than nonhalogenated materials. In general, the combustion of halogenated materials resulted in significantly more corrosion than the combustion of most nonhalogenated materials. Evidence for some degree of overlap, however, was obtained. In addition, there was a considerable range of metal loss results within both the halogenated and the nonhalogenated classifications.Based on the data presented, assessment of fire hazard parameters such as heat release, smoke release, or combustion gas corrosivity should be built on performance-based tests rather than assumed relationships for broad material classifications.     

LNG与管输天然气互换性的实验研究

利用管输天然气掺混乙烷形成配制气模拟LNG的方法,测试了3种不同结构型式的家用燃气灶在不同的管输气与配制气掺混比例下燃烧性能的变化情况。随着配制气掺混比例的提高,燃气灶的热负荷增大,热效率降低,CO排放量的变化规律随灶具结构型式而异。天然气互换性问题的解决需要同时从气源和燃具两方面进行。     

基于CiteSpace 的纳米阻燃技术研究的可视化分析

为了对国内纳米阻燃技术研究领域的知识基础、研究热点、研究前沿及发展趋势等方面进行知识图谱可视化分析,以2000-2019 年中国知网（CNKI）数据库收录的1 156 篇国内纳米阻燃技术研究文献为研究样本,采用文献计量学的方法并借助CiteSpace 软件进行知识图谱研究,绘制关键词共现网络图谱及突现词分布表,同时挖掘出该领域未来可能的新研究方向。实验结果表明：我国纳米阻燃技术研究在历经“早期前沿”“中期前沿”“最新前沿”3 个发展前沿阶段过后,纳米阻燃领域将继续以清洁高效的阻燃新技术引领未来。