Collaborative materials research in power engineering: An overview of the COST initiative

The devolved, bottom-up, style of management organization of COST is described together with the close-knit, integrated type of research and development that is conducted in the materials programmes by international groups of collaborators representing industry, research institutes and universities. The closely targeted research programme of COST 501, Advanced Materials for Power Engineering, is described in greater detail to illustrate the approach that is followed. Examples of industrial developments are given.     

Applying educational research to design education

This paper is a brief review of recent trends in educational research, with some comments on applying research methods in the context of design education. The recent trends in educational research are identified as being linked with classroom practice, and include case studies, action research and phenomeno-logical methods. Some examples are given of these types of educational research. The paper concludes with suggestions for classroom-based research that teachers themselves can do.     

物流管理研究方法的应用现状与比较分析

研究物流管理问题离不开选用正确的研究方法,物流管理本身有跨学科、跨功能、体系结构松散的特征,使得许多研究者都是从本学科出发,用本学科惯用的研究方法来研究物流问题.通过分析目前物流学界使用的物流研究方法,可以发现一些趋势:多种研究方法并用,研究角度多样化,定性分析与定量分析相结合,人们更加注重使用调查、实验、观察等方法来解释分析问题.多角度研究,多方法配合使用,以及对研究方法的创新使用可以在物流研究领域中寻得更多研究机会.     

Conceptual Difficulties Experienced by Trained Engineers Learning Educational Research Methods

This paper describes conceptual difficulties that may be experienced by engineering faculty as they become engineering education researchers. Observation, survey, and assessment data collected at the 2005 NSF‐funded Rigorous Research in Engineering Education workshop were systematically analyzed to uncover the five difficulties encountered by engineering faculty learning to design rigorous education studies: (1) framing research questions with broad appeal, (2) grounding research in a theoretical framework, (3) fully considering operationalization and measurement of constructs, (4) appreciating qualitative or mixed‐methods approaches, and (5) pursuing interdisciplinary collaboration. The first four can be understood in terms of disciplinary consensus; they represent explicit steps in education research that are implicit in technical engineering research because there is greater consensus of methods and standards. This work better frames the issue of rigor in engineering education research by clarifying the fundamental differences that prevent application of traditional engineering standards of rigor directly to engineering education research.     

Does Faculty Research Improve Undergraduate Teaching? An Analysis of Existing and Potential Synergies

Academicians have been arguing for decades about whether or not faculty research supports undergraduate instruction. Those who say it does—a group that includes most administrators and faculty members—cite many ways in which research can enrich teaching, while those on the other side cite numerous studies that have consistently failed to show a measurable linkage between the two activities. This article proposes that the two sides are debating different propositions: whether research can support teaching in principle and whether it has been shown to do so in practice. The article reviews the literature on the current state of the research‐teaching nexus and then examines three specific strategies for integrating teaching and scholarship: bringing research into the classroom, involving undergraduates in research projects, and broadening the definition of scholarship beyond frontier disciplinary research. Finally, ways are suggested to better realize the potential synergies between faculty research and undergraduate education.     

参与式设计方法的分类研究及其可视化

目的 针对参与式设计概念模糊的现状,梳理定义,归纳主要研究点,以设计方法为基础,从方法特性的角度进行多维分析及可视化,探索参与式设计方法未来的走向。方法 以发展脉络为研究基点,对比各阶段高被引定义,明确参与式设计的研究点。将设计方法作为样本,通过行为模式、研究属性、设计流程和方法形式四个维度对设计方法进行单维度分析和多维度对比,以图谱的形式总结各个方法的共性和特性,以此探讨参与式设计未来的走向。结论 根据研究明确多种参与式设计方法在设计流程中的使用范式,并通过可视化的形式进行呈现,同时研究得出以下三个结论,即研究双方的信赖程度决定设计深度;多样化设计方法对研究起到推动作用;不同阶段需要选取适当的设计方法。     

固体界面间接触导热的机理和应用研究

固体界面间的接触导热在许多高技术应用场合具有重要的应用背景。从接触热阻的形成机理出发,概述了接触导热机理研究的发展过程,论述了应用研究的内容和现状,提出了几种增加和减小接触热阻的方法,并指出了进一步研究的方向。     

基于知识图谱的我国智慧公共文化服务研究现状、热点及趋势分析

目的 系统呈现并分析我国近10年来智慧公共文化服务研究进展。方法 以中国知网(CNKI)全文数据库收录的2011—2021年度智慧公共文化服务研究文献为数据来源,采用文献计量方法,运用Citespace软件对智慧公共文化服务研究文献进行计量分析与可视化呈现。结果 结合文献综述分析发文特点及时间分布、合作网络、研究热点和知识演进脉络。结论 对发文量进行函数拟合,预测得到智慧公共文化服务领域论文数量在未来一段时间范围内将不断增多;智慧图书馆领域学者们合作意识较强,但整体来看,智慧公共文化服务领域研究学者和研究机构仍需加强交流合作;该领域的研究热点内容可归类为三个方向:智慧化技术、公共文化基础设施、智慧公共文化服务发展路径;依据该领域的知识演进脉络“多元化—数字技术及文化载体—用户主体—细分人群”提出相关研究趋势展望。     

Past,present and future of Industry 4.0 - a systematic literature review and research agenda proposal

Over the last few years, the fourth industrial revolution has attracted more and more attentions all around the world. In the current literature, there is still a lack of efforts to systematically review the state of the art of this new industrial revolution wave. The aim of this study is to address this gap by investigating the academic progresses in Industry 4.0. A systematic literature review was carried out to analyse the academic articles within the Industry 4.0 topic that were published online until the end of June 2016. In this paper, the obtained results from both the general data analysis of included papers (e.g. relevant journals, their subject areas and categories, conferences, keywords) and the specific data analysis corresponding to four research sub-questions are illustrated and discussed. These results not only summarise the current research activities (e.g. main research directions, applied standards, employed software and hardware), but also indicate existing deficiencies and potential research directions through proposing a research agenda. Findings of this review can be used as the basis for future research in Industry 4.0 and related topics.     

我国瓦楞辊的研究现状

综述了我国瓦楞辊在运动学和动力学方面的研究现状，提出了单面瓦楞机在我国还需要进一步研究等问题。     

A dynamic programming-based heuristic for the variable sized two-dimensional bin packing problem

This paper addresses a variable sized two-dimensional bin packing problem. We propose two heuristics, H1 and H2, stemming from the dynamic programming idea by aggregating states to avoid the explosion in the number of states. These algorithms are elaborated for different purposes: H1 builds a general packing plan for items, while H2 can provide solutions by considering a variety of customer demands, such as guillotine cutting style and rotation of items. The performance of both algorithms is evaluated based on randomly generated instances reported in the literature by comparing them with the lower bounds and optimal solutions for identical bins. Computational results show that the average gaps are 8.97% and 13.41%, respectively, for H1 and H2 compared with lower bounds, and 5.26% and 6.26% compared with optimal solutions for identical bins. We also found that we can save 6.67% of space, on average, by considering variable sized bins instead of a bin packing problem with identical bins.     

文献计量与知识图谱视角下中外家具设计的比较研究

目的 回顾国内外关于家具设计研究的进展与热点前沿。方法 基于文献计量与知识图谱方法,运用CiteSpace和Bibexcel软件,梳理总结3 156篇知网中文文献和341篇Web of Science核心合集英文文献。结果 国内外家具设计领域在学科基础、研究力量、前沿趋势之间存在差异。结论 国外家具设计研究文献数量稳定,国内则发展迅速且在数量上有一定的优势。国内发文高产期刊集中在轻工业手工业领域,而国外则主要聚焦建筑领域。国内外研究团队均趋于分散,机构间相互联系较少。国外家具设计研究具有较强的现实导向性,体现在人的因素和仿生生态等方面。国内研究则较为注重家具设计理论,以及产业、学科专业建构的系统性。期望未来我国家具设计研究的发展能进一步突出核心期刊和高产机构的先锋作用,加强国内和国外的合作交流,继续立足国家战略,服务人民需求。     

工作研究在流水线平整中的应用

以某企业激光头基座准备(又称H-S准备)生产线为研究对象，运用模特法及秒表测时法测定了流水线各工位的作业时间，找出了影响流水线生产能力的瓶颈工位和能力过剩工位；运用“5W1H”提问技术，分析流水线在设备能力、定员、任务分配、工艺内容及流水线布局等方面存在的问题；根据ECRS(取消、合并、重排、简化)原则及流水线平整理论设计了流水线平整方案，包括对现有设备的改进、相关工位作业内容的重新分配、调整部分工位的设备和人员、减少个别工位的机器作业时间、对生产线重新布局及实行分段管理等。新方案的实施使生产线生产能力提高61．4％，定员减少111人，年人工成本降低92．24万元，生产现场的环境得到了较大改善。