Performance appraisal for groups: Models and methods for assessing group processes and outcomes for development and evaluation.

This paper guides consulting psychologists in how to help managers and group leaders assess group members' reactions, behaviors, and performance. The results may be used for development in improving group performance and for evaluation in making decisions about group members' pay and assignments. Individual and group-level measures of conditions (pressures and opportunities), input, process, and outcomes are considered. The paper discusses who seeks group assessment, the multiple purposes of assessment, models of group process to guide assessment, what is assessed and when, methods for assessment, and who contributes to the assessment process. Implications for inculcating a culture of assessment and continuous learning within groups and organizations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Casual attributions for success and failure for psychiatric rehabilitees and college students

College students and psychiatric rehabilitees performed a manual dexterity task in which consistent success or failure was maipulated over four consecutive task trials. Contrasting predictions for the use of casual attributions (luck, task difficulty, effort, and ability) following Trial 1 and Trial 4 for the two populations were derived from Heider's balance theory and "naive theory of action". Consistent with native theory, students who succeeded and rehabilitees who succeeded used unstable attributions only college students who failed used stable attributions to account for these trial outcomes, whereas students who failed and rehabilitees who failed made significant changes in their attributional patterns from Trial 1 to Trial 4. Results are discussed regarding intervention with psychiatric rehabilitees and other groups with severe achievement difficulties.     

Framework for Competency and Capability Assessment for Resource Allocation

This paper proposes a decision process that engineering organizations can use to make human resource allocation decisions. This type of systematic approach will assist organizations in determining accurate predictions of their strengths and weaknesses and enable them to determine optimum resource allocations. In addition, identifying strategic core competencies followed by identification of organizational and individual capabilities necessary to fulfill the needs of these core competencies will optimize human resource allocations. The proposed framework can complement and improve on available methods for identifying sourcing strategies with a goal of “rightsizing” organizations. Assessment of organizational competencies and capabilities can provide the necessary rationale behind human resource allocation and outsourcing decisions. Using the proposed framework presented in this paper would, therefore, assist companies in optimizing human resource allocation decisions.     

Scales for sex experience for males and females.

Tested 83 male and 101 female unmarried undergraduates on scales containing a range of heterosexual experiences. 2 12-item scales, one for males and one for females, were developed. Coefficients of reproducibility were .97 for both males and females, and the rank-order correlation between the ordering of items in male and female scales was .95. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

阳极精炼及浇铸的作业方式与金隆扩产方案的选择

结合世界上主要铜冶炼厂回转式阳极炉和圆盘浇铸的作业方式,分析了不同作业方式在金隆扩产改造中应用的可行性。根据金隆扩产的产量规模、目前的作业水平、将来操作改善的可能,对各种改造方案进行了论证,提出了优化的改造方案。根据阳极精炼和圆盘浇铸作业技术发展趋势的分析,提出了未来金隆阳极精炼和圆盘浇铸的优化作业方式,并指出了达到优化作业目标需要解决的主要问题。     

卷取机转动惯量测量计算的新方法

在铝带（ 箔） 冷轧机等设备的卷取机张力控制系统中,动态补偿环节需要准确的转动惯量,本文介绍一种采用最小二乘方法计算卷取或开卷机转动惯量的新方法。这种方法能在很大程度上消除因手工绘制曲线和电机空载电流偏小等因素引起的转动惯量测量计算误差。     

Adrenocortical carcinoma: surgery and mitotane for treatment and steroid profiles for follow-up

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare disease with a poor prognosis. It has been difficult to establish a strict treatment program for ACC, and better treatment alternatives and diagnostic tools must be sought. Even though surgery is the treatment of choice, the role of surgery in advanced disease has been questioned. Eighteen consecutive patients were treated at our unit over a 22-year period (1975-1997). All patients underwent surgery and were followed by our protocol, which includes urinary steroid profiles, clinical examinations, analysis of steroid hormones, and radiologic investigations. Twelve patients received mitotane with drug concentration measurements to deliver an effective, nontoxic dose. The median duration of mitotane treatment was 12 months. Few side effects were observed. Four patients with low-stage tumors underwent second-look operations with no pathologic findings. Five patients were subjected to repeat operations, and the mean duration of the disease-free interval before repeat surgery for these patients was 59 months. There was a significant positive correlation between the disease-free interval and the observed survival after repeat surgery. Eleven patients with intentionally curative surgery had their urinary steroid profiles tested several times postoperatively. For five patients preoperative urine samples were also available. Steroid profiles indicated recurrent disease despite normal radiologic findings in two of these five patients. The follow-up ranged from 6 weeks to 24 years. The predicted 5-year survival was 58% according to the Kaplan-Meier method. We conclude that monitoring serum concentrations of mitotane makes long-term treatment possible with few side effects; steroid profile analysis can be used for early detection of tumor recurrence; and repeat surgery for recurrence is of value for patients with long disease-free intervals.     

Rationale for cigarette smoking and for mentholation preference in cocaine- and nicotine-dependent outpatients

The effects of sauna exposure on sperm movement characteristics and other semen parameters were evaluated using computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA). A significant (p < 0.01) decrease in average path velocity (VAP), curvilinear velocity (VCL) and amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH) was found after exposure to sauna for 2 weeks. The altered parameters returned to their original values within 1 week after cessation of sauna exposure. Mean values for semen volume, sperm count, percentage motility, sperm morphology and sperm penetration assay (SPA) were not statistically different during and after sauna, when compared to the corresponding control values. The results suggest that increasing scrotal temperature by sauna causes a reversible decrease in sperm movement parameters.     

连铸机结晶器振动装置及扇形段安装调整技术

连铸机的结晶器与扇形段的安装为整个连铸机的关键,在安装过程中通过采用液压扳手控制技术、精密仪器及专用卡规综合测量技术、对弧样规、垫片调整技术、阶梯式调整等技术,保证了整个铸机的安装质量符合外方标准和生产工艺要求。     

Media ratings for violence and sex: Implications for policymakers and parents.

This article reviews research on the implementation of media-rating systems, parents' use and evaluation of them, and the impact of ratings on children. Although half or more of parents report using media-rating systems, understanding of various components of the systems is low, particularly for television ratings. A meta-analysis of national polls shows that parents overwhelmingly prefer that ratings specify content, rather than giving age recommendations. A second meta-analysis, of experiments testing the effects of ratings on children's interest in programs, shows that ratings indicating restricted or controversial content have a deterrent effect for children under age 8 but that, by age 11 and especially for boys, the ratings show a small enticement effect. This effect occurs for both age-based and content-based ratings. Implications for policymakers and parents are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

科技进步促发展节能减排增效益

云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司是一家采、选、冶联合企业，成立于2000年7月18日，是云南冶金集团总公司控股的A股上市公司。公司主要从事铅、锌、锗、金、银、铋、硫酸的生产。是国家第一批循环经济试点单位，是国家“千家企业节能行动”和云南省25家节能企业之一。     

大型设备经济运行的计算及控制方法

提出了大型设备组合在运行中的弹性节能思想及其存在的巨大潜力，对于变压器、冷轧机的硬件参数、负荷率的影响和损伤控制等给出优化的计算方法及改造措施。     

Methods for estimating and predicting the demand for stomatologic personnel

Analysis of the WHO Global Data Bank and Monitoring of Dental Diseases Prevention (tendencies of dental caries incidence in the world and in all regions of the former USSR) helped the author derive a formula for estimating the need in dentists. The number of dentists needed may be predicted for up to 15 years by assessing the tendencies in caries intensity in the population of a region.     

Evidence for separate pathways for color and luminance detection mechanisms

We measure threshold versus contrast (TvC) functions for chromatic (red-green) and luminance sine-wave-grating stimuli for (1) the detection of luminance in the presence of color contrast and (2) the detection of color in the presence of luminance contrast. We find that, although these crossed TvC functions both display a dipperlike shape, their facilitation differs from that found for standard uncrossed dipper functions (luminance on luminance or color on color contrast). Their facilitation disappears (cross condition 1) or is reduced (cross condition 2) by randomized presentation of the phase of the test and the mask, and the remaining facilitation (cross condition 2) displays no spatial tuning. We argue that these crossed facilitatory interactions cannot be explained by detection mechanisms with common inputs from color and luminance contrast (a nonindependence of transduction), and we present evidence that instead they reflect the use of local cues in the stimuli. We also measure the luminance-luminance TvC function in the presence of a fixed suprathreshold color contrast. The results demonstrate that, even when the color contrast produces a masking of the luminance thresholds, luminance-luminance facilitation still occurs. Thus the opposing effects of masking and facilitation can occur simultaneously. Furthermore, while luminance-luminance facilitation occurs independently of color contrast, masking can be produced by either contrast. This suggests that masking and facilitation have different underlying origins. Similar results are found for the color detection thresholds in the presence of a luminance pedestal. We conclude that there are separate pathways for the detection of color and luminance contrast, each with no input from the other contrast. We suggest that the cross masking reflects divisive interactions between these pathways that is restricted to high contrasts.     

Utilization of energy for maintenance and for fat and lean gains by mice selected for rapid postweaning growth rate

The metabolizable energy intake (MEI) required for maintenance and the efficiency of utilization of metabolizable energy available for gain (MEA) were determined for a line of mice (rapid growth) selected for 41 generations for rapid postweaning weight gain and for a contemporarily mated line (control) that had been randomly selected. Feed intake of individually housed rapid growth and control males was restricted above maintenance or was ad libitum from 21 to 42 days of age. Regressions of change in body energy per unity metabolic body size on MEI per unit metablic body size showed that the maintenance requirement for each line of mice was 176 kcal per unit metabolic body size per day and that the rapid growth line was more efficient than the control line in utilizing MEA (50% vs. 23%) to promote an increase in body energy. Although the proportions of MEA used for fat (PF) and lean (PL) gains and the net efficiencies with which those proportions were utilized for fat (NF) and lean (NL) gains were unknown, the products of proportion and efficiency for fat gain (PF X NF or fat energy deposition coefficient) and for lean gain (PL X NL or lean energy deposition coefficient) were determined. The results demonstrate that 41 generations of selection for rapid postweaning weight gain did not change the lean energy deposition coefficient, but did alter the fat energy deposition coefficient. These data suggest that the two lines of mice use different proportions of MEA for fat gain and/or utilize MEA for fat gain at different efficiencies.     

Model for Dynamic Shear Modulus and Damping for Granular Soils

This paper presents a simple four-parameter model that can represent the shear modulus factors and damping coefficients for a granular soil subjected to horizontal shear stresses imposed by vertically propagating shear waves. The input parameters are functions of the confining pressure and density and have been derived from a generalized effective stress soil model referred to as MIT-S1. The predicted shear moduli and damping factors are in excellent agreement with high quality resonant column test data on remolded sands and confining pressures ranging from 30 kPa to 1.8 MPa. The proposed model has been implemented in a frequency domain computer code. By simulating the variations in stiffness and damping with confining pressure, the proposed model provides a more realistic simulation of ground amplification that does not filter out high frequency components of the base excitation.