终末期肝病模型对肝硬化患者预后评估价值的研究进展

客观、准确地判断肝硬化患者的病情及预后有助于指导临床医生选择正确的治疗方案。终末期肝病模型（MELD）是目前被广泛认可的评估终末期肝病严重程度的评分体系。近年来各种基于MELD评分发展而来的新评分系统不断涌现。加入新的变量例如血清钠可进一步提高MELD的预测能力,此文就MELD的研究现状作一综述。     

终末期肝病模型评分对肝硬化和重型肝炎患者预后评估的临床意义

目的探讨终末期肝病模型(MELD)评分对肝病患者预后预测的准确性。方法肝硬化患者228例,重型肝炎患者156例,分别计算Child-Pugh及MELD评分,分析两种评分系统对肝病预后评估的优缺点。结果MELD评分与Child评分显著相关,相关系数为0.74,MELD评分的预测准确率显著优于Child-Pugh评分(Z=1.96,P<0.05)。结论MELD评分较好地预测肝病患者死亡发生的危险度,其评估效率优于Child-Pugh分级。     

终末期肝病发病机制与低钠血症的关系和对策

<正>近年来关于血浆钠与终末期肝病和终末期肝病模型(model for end-stage liver,MELD)的关系研究较多,并有人[1]发现越来越多的西方学者致力于研究MELD联合血浆钠判断终末期肝病的预后,说明对肝硬化腹水及终末期肝病患者的低钠血症问题在国内、外引起了广泛重视,并提出了含钠终末期肝病模型(MELD-Na)对终末期肝病判断的新概念。现研究认为肝硬化患者低钠血症与终末期肝病并发顽     

肝硬化腹水限钠治疗与终末期肝病低钠血症的关系和临床研究

<正>近年关于终末期肝病并发低钠血症的研究较多,均认为终末期肝病患者多存在低钠血症,且是判断预后的重要指标,但导致血清钠降低发病机制和治疗等问题存在很多争议。现就这些问题的研究现状报道如下,希望引起关注。一、终末期肝病患者低钠血症的发病原因2001年Kamath等[1]提出了终末期肝病模型(MELD),并认为能有效预测肝硬化患者预后。但MELD评分存在一些不足,因此有研究将血清钠与MELD结合,以提高MELD对终末     

终末期肝病模型的近期研究进展

自2000年美国Mayo Clinica的Malinchoc等[1]最初创立终末期肝病模型(MELD)评分以来,随后的研究证实其为不同的终末期肝病生存率准确的预测指标.2002年美国器官分配网络(UNOS)正式将MELD评分作为确定肝移植器官分配优先权的标准.     

终末期肝病模型及Child-Pugh分级对肝硬化患者的短期预后分析

评价终末期肝病模型(MELD)评分、Child-Pugh(CTP)及包含血肌酐值的CTP(CrCTP)分级对肝硬化患者的短期预后的意义.分别计算104例肝硬化患者的MELD、CTP及CrCTP分值,运用ROC曲线及曲线下面积(AUC)比较MELD评分、CTP及CrCTP分级判断肝硬化患者3个月生存率的准确性.在判断患者3个月生存率的ROC曲线AUC比较中,MELD评分＞CrCTP分级＞CTP分级(P＜0.05).提示在CTP中引入血肌酐值可以提高CTP分级对肝硬化患者短期预后的判断准确性;MELD评分在判断肝硬化患者的短期预后方面优于CTP及CrCTP.     

终末期肝病模型评估良性肝病患者肝移植预后

肝移植是治疗终末期肝病的有效手段,但供体短缺严重制约了其临床开展,因此建立公平、合理、有效的患者评估标准指导器官分配已成为移植领域的研究热点之一.本研究回顾性分析了终末期肝病模型(MELD)对良性终末期肝病患者接受肝移植术后生存的预测,并采用Cox比例风险模型筛选出影响移植受体存活的危险因素,初步构建了基于我中心良性终末期肝病肝移植受体的术前评估预测模型.     

MELD联合血清钠水平评估肝硬化患者预后进展

终末期肝病模型(MELD)已被广泛用于评估各种肝病患者的预后,但存在一定的局限性,血清钠水平是肝硬化患者生存的独立预后因子,与MELD评分联合应用可以增加其预测的准确性。此文就MELD评分及其联合血清钠水平在肝硬化患者预后评估中的应用作一综述。     

终末期肝病模型对原发性肝癌患者预后的判断价值

终末期肝病模型（MELD）是2000年由Malinchoc等创建的一个用来判断终末期肝硬化患者预后的新模型.经过验证,MELD在判断短期（3个月）预后方面是一个较好的模型,本研究目的是验证MELD在判断原发性肝癌（PHC）患者预后方面的价值.     

MELD评分在终末期肝病中的应用

终末期肝病模型(MELD)是主要应用血清胆红素、国际标准化比值和血清肌酐指标来评价终末期肝病病情严重程度及预后的评分系统。其在预测终末期肝病短、中期死亡率及肝移植病例选择、移植器官的管理应用中已渐趋成熟,应用范围开始扩大到重型肝炎和原发性肝癌。部分学者针对腹水、血钠浓度等影响终末期肝病预后的因素也做了相关研究,对MELD评分系统进行了补充和完善。     

Implication of normal liver enzymes in liver disease

Summary.  Chronic liver disease is usually asymptomatic until its late stages and also significant hepatic necroinflammation and fibrosis may be present in persistently normal ALT levels HBV, HCV carriers or similarly, in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Given the large number of persons in the general population which may harbor a clinically significant liver disease behind the screen of normal alanine aminotransferase, more attention should be devoted to future research for alternative noninvasive markers of liver damage.     

Pulmonary aspects of liver disease and liver transplantation

This article has summarized the liver-lung relationships from a clinical perspective. The physiology, biochemistry, and molecular biology that link the two organs are of great importance in that many disorders described affect young patients. Indeed, pulmonary abnormalities in patients with hepatic disorders are frequent, and both the pulmonary and hepatic problems may be reversible in the current era of organ transplantation.     

Results of liver resection for primary liver cancer

At the Zhong Shan Hospital, Shanghai Medical University, between 1960 and 1991, liver resection was performed in 896 patients with primary liver cancer; local resection was performed in 552 patients (61.6%), left lateral segmentectomy in 114 (12.7%), left hemihepatectomy in 157 (17.5%), extended left hemihepatectomy in 19 (2.1%), right hemihepatectomy in 50 (5.6%), and extended right hemihepatectomy in 4 (0.4%). The overall operative mortality was 4.6%, but it was 22.0% in 1960–1970, 7.0% in 1971–1980, and 2.8% in 1981–1991. Encouraging changes in the prognostic pattern were observed when comparing the data for 1960–1970 (n=59), 1971–1980 (n=115), and 1981–1991 (n=722): the 5-year survival rate was 14.0%, 36.0%, and 50.8%, respectively, and the 10-year survival rate was 12.3%, 25.5%, and 40.8%, respectively. Significant differences in survival patterns were noted when these were analyzed on the basis of tumor size (≤5 vs >5cm), curative resection, tumor number, tumor capsule, and tumor emboli in the portal vein. In the entire series, 135 patients have survived for more than 5 years after resection, and 40 patients for more than 10 years after resection. One patient has survived for 32 years and is still alive, free of disease. The approaches to decreasing operative mortality and prolonging survival rate are discussed.     

Role of liver transplantation in acute liver failure

Orthotopic liver transplantation is employed as salvage therapy for individuals who are unable to recover from acute liver failure. Prognostic models are helpful but not entirely accurate in predicting those who will eventually require liver transplantation. There are specific criteria for United Network for Organ Sharing category 1a (urgent) listing of these patients. Unfortunately, clinical deterioration develops rapidly and many require removal from the waiting list prior to transplantation. With advances in critical care management and surgical technique, 1-year post-transplant survival rates have improved to 60 to 80%. Alternatives to conventional orthotopic liver transplantation include living donor liver transplantation, ABO-incompatible grafts, and auxiliary liver transplantation. There are many ethical and psychosocial issues inherent to transplanting these sick patients due to the urgent nature of acute liver failure. Fortunately, the long-term survival and quality of life in these transplant recipients is good.