共查询到14条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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采用间接加热的热解析技术对海上油田含油钻屑进行处理,考察了热解析处理的效果和影响因素。实验结果表明:在热解析主温度为410.0 ℃下对含油率为14.00%~23.60%(w)的钻屑进行热解析处理,处理后钻屑的石油烃含量低至0.07%;为达到处理后钻屑含油率低于1%的要求,处理速率最高可达2.47 t/h;回收油的主要烃类化合物组成与岩屑油一致,可用于泥浆复配;冷凝回收水的COD及石油类物质超标,处理后可作为循环冷却水的补充水;外排气体的污染物指标达到国家排放标准;该套实验装置处理含油率为14.00%~23.60%的钻屑,柴油消耗量小于15 L/t、电能消耗量小于9 kW·h/t。 相似文献
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将超声波与pH敏感型表面活性剂(P(MMA-MAA-CS))联合使用,利用声-化联合法清洗含油钻屑。研究了不同因素对清洗效果的影响,并利用界面张力和三相接触角实验探讨了清洗机理。实验获得的最佳清洗条件为:固液质量比1∶5,P(MMA-MAA-CS)加入量0.5%(w),NaOH加入量2%(w),超声时间20 min,超声功率200 W。在此条件下清洗2次后,钻屑含油量可降低至0.82%,达到GB18599—2001《一般工业固体废物存、处置场污染控制标准》的要求。 相似文献
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超声波处理剩余活性污泥促进厌氧消化 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
用超声波处理剩余活性污泥(简称污泥),考察了污泥絮体结构、污泥中溶解性化学需氧量(SCOD)的变化规律及超声波处理对污泥厌氧消化的影响。实验结果表明,声强大于1 040W/m2时,用超声波处理污泥30m in以上,污泥絮体被打碎,污泥絮体结构遭到严重破坏,污泥中SCOD迅速增加,加速了污泥中有机质的水解反应;声强为2 000W/m2时,用超声波处理污泥60m in,中温((37±1)℃)厌氧消化10d,COD去除率为41%;厌氧消化25d的总产气量比未经超声波处理的污泥总产气量提高了53%;将发酵罐容积放大10倍,经超声波处理的污泥25d累积的总产气量比未经超声波处理的污泥总产气量提高了约25%。 相似文献
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为解决含油污泥处置达标难的问题,塔河油田采用异位热解技术对含油污泥进行无害化处理,考察了不同条件下含油污泥中石油烃的去除效果.实验结果表明:当含油污泥初始含油率为10.00%、初始含水率为20%时,最佳热解温度为500℃、热解时间为90 min,处理后含油污泥中石油烃的去除率可达到92.6%,含油率可降低至0.74%;... 相似文献
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采用自制的油泥分离剂通过热化学分离法处理聚驱油田现场产生的含聚油泥。采用正交实验得到的最佳工艺参数为:剂泥比2.0 m L/g,反应温度80℃,反应时间30 min,搅拌转速500 r/min,在此工艺条件下原油回收率为92.08%。利用支持向量机运算法(SVM)建立模型,分析了各工艺参数之间的交互作用,得出优化后的含聚油泥处理工艺参数为:剂泥比2.5 m L/g,反应温度80℃,反应时间34 min,搅拌转速530 r/min,理论上的最高原油回收率为94.76%。对于模型优选出的工艺参数进行了5组验证实验,平均原油回收率达94.50%。采用优选工艺参数处理3种不同来源的含聚油泥,原油回收率均高于90%。 相似文献
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对比分析了我国部分地区油气开采钻井固体废物的污染特征,对普通钻井固体废物和含油钻井固体废物的无害化处理与资源化利用技术分别进行梳理和分析,主要包括固化处理技术、生物处理技术、不落地处理技术、资源化利用技术、萃取技术、热解析技术和组合处理技术等。结合当前存在的主要问题针对性地提出了4条对策建议:加强源头控制,减少钻井固体废物产生量;对钻井固体废物进行分质分级区别处理和利用;开发高效、低成本、低能耗的钻井固体废物处理技术,发展联合处理工艺;制定相关政策和标准,加强油气田污染治理的事中事后监管。 相似文献
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采用Fenton氧化—好氧活性污泥法处理邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)废水,优化了Fenton氧化反应的工艺条件。实验结果表明:在H2O2加入量4 g/L、Fe2+加入量200 mg/L、反应温度60 ℃、废水pH 4、反应时间60 min的最佳工艺条件下,Fenton氧化出水COD为200~250 mg/L,DBP质量浓度约为0.10 mg/L;在污泥质量浓度2 000 mg/L、DO 2~3 mg/L、水力停留时间8 h的条件下,好氧活性污泥法处理出水的COD基本低于50 mg/L,DBP质量浓度约为0.05 mg/L,均满足GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》,可达标排放。 相似文献
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D. F. Gilmore R. C. Fuller B. Schneider R. W. Lenz N. Lotti M. Scandola 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》1994,2(1):49-57
Blends of the bacterially produced polyester poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) with cellulose acetate esters (CAE) further substituted with propionyl or butyryl groups (degree of substitution: 2.60 propionyl and 0.36 acetyl or 2.59 butyryl and 0.36 acetyl, respectively) were exposed for 4 months to activated sludge to determine their biodegradability. Samples of such blends made by solution-mixing and solvent-casting had complex morphologies in which both individual components as well as a miscible blend phase were present. Additionally, the two opposite surfaces of solvent-cast films showed both physical and chemical differences. After 2 months, samples of pure PHBV had degraded by more than 98% (15 mg/cm2 of surface area), whereas a pure CAE sample had degraded less than 1% (<0.2 mg/cm2). Samples containing 25% CAE lost less than 40% of their initial weights (6 mg/cm2) over the total 4-month period. Samples with 50% CAE lost up to 16% weight (2 mg/cm2), whereas those containing 75% CAE lost only slightly more weight than corresponding sterile control samples (1 mg/cm2). NMR results confirm that weight loss from samples containing 25% CAE resulted only from degradation of PHBV and that the surface of samples became enriched in CAE. Solvent-cast film samples containing equal amounts of PHBV and CAE degraded preferentially on the surface which formed at the polymer-air interface. Scanning electron microscopy and attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy revealed this surface to have a rougher texture and a greater PHBV content. 相似文献
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城市污泥制备水中重金属吸附剂及其吸附特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本实验利用城市污水厂的脱水污泥,通过化学活化法制备活性炭.研究活化温度、活化时间、固液比和活化剂浓度等因素对制备污泥活性炭的影响,确定氯化锌法制备污泥活性炭的最佳工艺为活化温度550 ℃、活化时间30 min、固液比1∶2、氯化剂浓度45%.将制备的污泥活性炭吸附Cu2+,Cr6+,Cd2+3种重金属离子模拟废水,研究pH值、吸附时间、污泥投加量、温度等因素对吸附过程的影响.实验结果表明,剩余污泥对Cu2+,Cr6+,Cd2+3种重金属离子都具有良好的吸附效果,在优化条件下,3种重金属离子去除率分别达到94%,76%,81%,吸附能力大小顺序为Cu2+>Cd2+>+Cr6+. 相似文献
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M. Torrijos P. Sousbie M. Rouez M. Lemunier Y. Lessard L. Galtier A. Simao J.P. Steyer 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2014,34(3):669-675
The results presented in this paper are part of a project aimed at designing an original solution for the treatment of used disposable diapers permitting the recycling of materials and the recovery of energy. Diapers must be collected separately at source and transported to an industrial facility to undergo special treatment which makes it possible to separate plastics and to recover a biodegradable fraction (BFD) made up mainly of cellulose. The methane yield of BFD was measured and found to be 280 ml CH4/g VSfed on average. 150 kg of dry BFD can be retrieved from the treatment of one ton of used disposable diapers, representing an energy potential of about 400 kW h of total energy or 130 kW h of electricity. As the treatment process for used diapers requires very high volumes of water, the setting up of the diaper treatment facility at a wastewater treatment plant already equipped with an anaerobic digester offers the advantages of optimizing water use as well as its further treatment and, also, the anaerobic digestion of BFD. The lab-scale experiments in a SBR showed that BFD co-digestion with sewage sludge (38% BFD and 62% waste activated sludge on volatile solids basis) was feasible. However, special attention should be paid to problems that might arise from the addition of BFD to a digester treating WAS such as insufficient mixing or floating particles leading to the accumulation of untreated solids in the digester. 相似文献