Li含量对Al-Li合金在酸性NaCl水溶液中腐蚀行为的影响

真空熔炼制备1%和2%(质量分数)Li的Al-Li二元模型合金,研究Li含量对其在0.1mol/L NaCl+0.01mol/L酸性水溶液中电化学腐蚀行为的影响。采用自腐蚀电位和电化学阻抗(EIS)评价纯Al、Al-1Li和Al-2Li合金的耐蚀性能,结合X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和Mott-Schottky(M-S)曲线对3种试样表面腐蚀产物膜成分和半导体特征进行分析。结果表明:1%和2%Li使纯Al自腐蚀电位负移的同时,耐蚀性有所提高。合金元素Li参与腐蚀产物膜的形成,以Li_2O的形式掺杂于Al_2O_3为主要成分的腐蚀产物膜中,没有改变腐蚀产物膜的n型半导体特征;但Li_2O掺杂引起膜内氧空位浓度的降低,是Li提高纯Al耐蚀性的主要原因。     

Sc对Al-3Cu-1Li合金显微组织和电化学腐蚀行为的影响

用真空熔炼炉制备Al-3Cu-1Li-xSc(x=0、0.1%、0.3%和0.5%)合金,观察合金的显微组织,测量合金的维氏硬度。在0.1mol/L NaCl溶液中,用开路电位(OCP)、极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和Mott-Schottky曲线研究了Sc对Al-3Cu-1Li合金腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明:Sc细化了合金的显微组织,提高了合金硬度;Sc添加后未改变合金的电化学腐蚀机制,该合金热力学稳定性提高的同时耐蚀性有所降低;该合金的耐蚀性与其腐蚀产物膜的载流子密度高低具有相关性。     

Sc对Al-6Mg-Zr铝合金在模拟海水中耐蚀性能的影响研究

采用中性盐雾、周期浸润等人工加速腐蚀试验和电化学测试方法,研究了Al-6Mg-Zr和Al-6Mg-Zr-Sc 2种铝合金在模拟海水环境中的腐蚀行为.结果发现：在试验环境中2种铝合金都发生了点蚀;添加了Sc元素的Al-6Mg-Zr-Sc合金比Al-6Mg-Zr合金表现出更好的耐蚀性.自腐蚀电位和动电位阳极极化曲线研究也发现,添加Sc元素后铝合金的耐蚀性能增强.SEM/EDX分析表明,Al-6Mg-Zr-Sc合金中存在的Al3（Sc, Zr）复合相能细化晶粒、有效地抑制Al-6Mg-Zr合金中β相（Mg5Al8）的析出,使β相在合金基体中呈不连续分布,从而降低了合金的腐蚀敏感性.     

电弧喷涂Al-Zn-Si-RE合金涂层与Al-Zn伪合金涂层的耐蚀性能对比

为研究Al-Zn-Si-RE合金涂层和相同Al含量的Al-Zn伪合金涂层耐蚀性能的不同,采用电弧喷涂技术在Q235钢表面制备了此两种合金涂层。通过盐水全浸实验和电化学测试技术对比研究了两种涂层的耐腐蚀性能,并将两种涂层的极化曲线与纯Zn、纯Al、Zn-15Al合金涂层进行了对比分析。使用扫描电镜、金相显微镜和X-射线衍射仪等手段测试分析了两种合金涂层腐蚀前后的微观组织形貌和相组成。结果表明,Al-Zn-Si-RE合金涂层的自腐蚀电位和自腐蚀电流密度分别为-0.995V和3.319×10-6 A/cm2,腐蚀电位更正,腐蚀电流密度更低,耐蚀性更好,原因可能是致密的腐蚀产物膜抑制了腐蚀作用;Al-Zn-Si-RE合金涂层与伪合金涂层微观组织成分和相结构的不同引起腐蚀行为的差异,且Al-Zn-Si-RE合金涂层表现出更好的耐盐水腐蚀性能;稀土元素的存在有利于提高Al-Zn-Si-RE合金涂层的耐蚀性。     

Sc添加对铸造Al-3Cu-1Li合金在酸性NaCl溶液中腐蚀行为的影响

在2 mol/L NaCl酸性溶液中,研究少量Sc对铸态Al-3Cu-1Li合金腐蚀行为的影响。通过XRD对铸态Al-3Cu-1Li-xSc（质量分数）合金进行相分析,用FE-SEM/EDS和TEM观察了Al-3Cu-1Li合金和Al-3Cu-1Li-0.5Sc合金的显微组织;采用极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱（EIS）、电化学噪声（EN）和浸泡法对合金的腐蚀行为进行了研究,并探讨腐蚀机制。结果表明：含Sc的Al-3Cu-1Li合金晶内富Cu球形相减少,晶界析出W相。随Sc含量的增加,合金腐蚀反应的活化能降低,阴极析氢速率增加,自腐蚀电流密度增加,合金的耐蚀性降低。添加Sc后,合金在空气中形成的表面膜保护作用减弱至消失,使含Sc合金的阻抗谱低频感抗弧逐渐消失。在EN测量期间,不含Sc和含0.1%Sc的合金表面处于“膜破裂-再钝化”状态;含0.3%Sc和0.5%Sc的合金发生严重的局部腐蚀（晶间腐蚀）,且与W相有关。     

Hank‘s人工模拟体液中离子注氮对4种植入金属材料腐蚀行为的影响

采用电化学测试技术研究了离子注氮对SUS316L不锈钢，Co-Cr合金，工业纯钛和Ti-6Al-4V植入合金在Hank’s人工模拟体液中腐蚀行为的影响。腐蚀电位和极化曲线的测量结果表明，注氮使4种植入金属材料的腐蚀电位正移，钝化电位区间扩大，耐蚀性明显提高。注氮的工业纯钛和Ti-6Al-4V合金的耐蚀性最佳，其钝化区拓宽为4V以上。通过AES分析发现，离子注氮后钛及其合金表面形成的氮化钛膜层及弥散的氮化钛析出相的化学效应，使基体电化学性能得到提高。注氮的Co-Cr合金的耐蚀性略优于SUS316L不锈钢。Co-Cr合金表面形成的钴氮化合物相对基体起到保护作用，降低了腐蚀速率。SUS316L不锈钢表面形成铁和铬氮化合物膜，有效地阻止了Cr^3 的水解，且氮离子注入促进Fe3O4的产生，提高了耐腐蚀性能。     

In对Al-Mg-Ga-Sn-(In)铝合金阳极组织及电化学性能的影响

在Al基体中添加Mg、Ga、Sn、In合金元素,通过正交试验设计了9组铝-空气电池阳极材料。采用动电位极化试验、析氢试验和恒电流放电试验对铝合金阳极的电化学性能进行优化,通过扫描电镜和能谱测试仪观察了合金的显微组织及成分。结果表明,没有添加In元素的1号合金(Al-0.5Mg-0.05Sn-0.05Ga)、5号合金(Al-Mg-0.1Sn-0.2Ga)和9号合金(Al-2Mg-0.2Sn-0.1Ga)铝阳极具有较差的放电性能和较高的自腐蚀速率,而添加0.05wt% In元素的7号铝阳极(Al-2Mg-0.05Sn-0.2Ga-0.05In)具有最好的放电电压(平均电位-1.968 V)和抗腐蚀性能 (自腐蚀速率0.193 mL·cm^-2·min^-1)。对比去腐蚀产物后的合金表面形貌,发现5号合金的腐蚀表面布满较深的腐蚀坑,这增加了铝合金的自腐蚀,而7号合金的表面具有较浅的腐蚀坑,这减缓了电解液中离子传递和自腐蚀速率。 因此,7号铝合金适合用作铝-空气电池阳极材料。     

应力作用下2B96K Al-Li合金的腐蚀行为研究

通过测量动电位极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱（EIS）,并结合SEM研究恒应力作用下2896K Al—Li合金在3．5％NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,应力增加,材料腐蚀加剧;合金主要腐蚀类型为点蚀发展形成的均匀腐蚀,是由于合金的主要强化相为T1（Al2CuLi）和。相,晶界平衡相为T2（Al6CuLi3）相,微量Zn的添加有利于合金基体点蚀或均匀腐蚀形成和发展,从而抑制晶间腐蚀的发展。与2195Al-Li合金在不同应力下的腐蚀行为相比较,应力对2896K Al—Li合金腐蚀的影响较小。     

Al-Ga-Mg-Sn-xZn阳极合金组织和腐蚀电化学性能

对不同Zn含量的Al-Ga-Mg-Sn-xZn系列阳极合金的组织及腐蚀形貌进行观察和分析,并测试了该系列合金在4 mol/L NaOH溶液中的析氢速率、开路电位、极化曲线等腐蚀电化学性能指标,研究了Zn对Al-Ga-Mg-Sn合金组织和腐蚀电化学性能的影响。结果表明:Al-0.1Ga-1Mg-0.1Sn-xZn合金中的析出相主要为富Sn相,合金元素Zn主要固溶于Al基体中,添加0.5%和1%(mass%)的Zn后,合金的耐蚀性提高,开路电位和恒电流放电工作电位均有所负移,Al-0.1Ga-1Mg-0.1Sn-1Zn合金的综合腐蚀电化学性能较好,在4 mol/L NaOH溶液中,稳定开路电位约-1.72 V(vs.Hg/HgO),析氢速率为0.202 mL·cm-2·min-1,100 mA·cm-2放电时工作电位达-1.41 V(vs.Hg/HgO),腐蚀形貌均匀。     

铝空气电池Al-5Zn-0.02In-1Mg-0.05Ti阳极材料性能研究

研究了基于Al-5Zn-0.02In-1Mg-0.05Ti为阳极材料的铝空气电池在0.6 mol/L NaCl溶液中的放电性能,测试了纯Al、纯Zn及Al-5Zn-0.02In-1Mg-0.05Ti阳极材料的自腐蚀速率、动电位极化曲线及电化学阻抗谱(EIS),利用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了3种材料放电后的腐蚀形貌。结果表明,作为空气电池阳极材料,与纯Al、纯Zn相比,Al-5Zn-0.02In-1Mg-0.05Ti阳极合金能提供更高的工作电势、阳极利用率和电容量。3种材料的自腐蚀速率依次为:AlAl-5Zn-0.02In-1Mg-0.05TiZn。SEM和EIS结果表明,Al-5Zn-0.02In-1Mg-0.05Ti合金放电后的表面均匀分布着小而浅的腐蚀坑,使合金在放电过程中保持高的活性。     

Electrochemical corrosion behaviour of Pb-free Sn-8.5Zn-0.05Al-XGa and Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu alloys in chloride containing aqueous solution

The electrochemical corrosion behaviour of Pb-free Sn-8.5Zn-0.05Al-XGa and Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu alloys was investigated in 3.5% NaCl solution by using potentiodynamic polarization techniques. The results obtained from polarization studies revealed that there was a negative shift in the corrosion potential with increase in Ga content from 0.02 to 0.2 wt% in the Sn-8.5Zn-0.05Al-XGa alloy. These changes were also reflected in the corrosion current density (I_corr) value, corrosion rate and linear polarization resistance (LPR) of the four element alloy. However, for Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu alloy a significant increase in the corrosion rate and corrosion current density was observed as compared to the four element alloys. SIMS depth profile results established that ZnO present on the outer surface of Sn-8.5Zn-0.05Al-0.05Ga alloy played a major role in the formation of the oxide film. Oxides of Sn, Al and Ga contributed a little towards the formation of film on the outer surface of the alloy. On the other hand, Ag₂O was primarily responsible for the formation of the oxide film on the outer surface of Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu alloy.     

Improvement of corrosion resistance of AZ91D magnesium alloy by holmium addition

The corrosion behaviour of two Mg–9Al–Ho alloys (Mg–9Al–0.24Ho and Mg–9Al–0.44Ho) was evaluated by general corrosion measurements and electrochemical methods in 3.5% NaCl solution saturated with Mg(OH)₂. The experimental results were compared with that of Mg–9Al alloy without Ho addition. Various corrosion rate tests showed that the addition of Ho obviously enhanced corrosion resistance of Mg–9Al alloy. The microstructure of the three magnesium alloys and the morphology of their corrosion product film were examined by Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA) and Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy (EDS). The alloys with Ho addition showed a microstructure characterized by α phase solid solution, which was surrounded by some β phase and grain-like Ho-containing phase. The improvement of corrosion resistance of the Mg–9Al–Ho alloys could be explained by the fact that the deposited Ho-containing phases were less cathodic. Moreover, the corrosion product films on the Ho-containing alloy surface demonstrated their ability to restrain further corrosion.     

熔盐中添稀加土氯化物对HK40钢腐蚀行为的影响

采用电化学方法,研究了在800℃,(Na,K)_2SO_4+NaCl混合熔盐中,添加Nd、La、Ce的氯化物对HK4O合金腐蚀性能的影响。进行了自腐蚀电位的测试,极化阻力和腐蚀电流密度的计算,不同恒电位下的极化试验以及腐蚀产物的检测与分析。所得结果表明:CeCl_3能以含铈氧化物形式沉淀在合金表面,促进形成相对稳定的富铬氧化膜,降低合金的腐蚀速度。     

Microstructure and Corrosion Properties of Duplex-Structured Extruded Mg-6Li-4Zn-xMn Alloys

The extruded Mg-6Li-4Zn-xMn (x = 0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2 wt%) alloys were prepared, and the microstructure of the test alloys was investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The corrosion properties were determined by electrochemical measurements and immersion measurements in 3.5% NaCl solution. The results indicate that the extruded Mg-6Li-4Zn-xMn alloys are mainly composed of α-Mg phase, β-Li phase, Mn precipitates and some intermetallic compounds (MgLi₂Zn). With the addition of Mn, stable corrosion products were formed on the surface of the test alloy, which can effectively inhibit further corrosion progress and improve the corrosion resistance. Mg-6Li-4Zn-1.2Mn alloy exhibits the best corrosion resistance, attributed to grain refinement, the improvement of the stability of corrosion product film and uniform distribution of fine second phases.     

Corrosion resistance of anodized AZ31 Mg alloy in borate solution containing titania sol

Anodic films were prepared on the AZ31 magnesium alloy in alkaline borate solution with or without addition of titania sol under the constant potential of 50 V (dc) for 10 min at room temperature. The morphology of the anodic films was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The corrosion resistance of the anodic films was evaluated in 3.5% NaCl solution using fast anti-acid test, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The anodic film formed in borate solution with addition of 4% titania sol has superior uniform surface and higher corrosion resistance than in other conditions.     

Effect of α-Al/Al3Ni microstructure on the corrosion behaviour of Al-5.4 wt% Ni alloy fabricated by equal-channel angular pressing

The effect of microstructure on corrosion behaviour of an Al-5.4 wt% Ni alloy fabricated by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) was investigated by means of potentiodynamic polarization test. The Al-5.4 wt% Ni alloy samples were severely deformed by ECAP with two strain introduction methods of route A and route B_C and the ECAP process was repetitively carried out up to 6 passes (strain 6). The anodic polarization measurements indicated that pitting potential of the ECAPed Al-Ni alloy samples in chloride containing neutral buffer solution increased with ECAP passes. The pitting corrosion resistance of Al-Ni alloy after ECAP by route B_C was better than that by route A. It is attributable to that the size of α-Al crystal region was reduced with ECAP passes and route B_C was able to obtain more homogeneous α-Al/Al₃Ni structure than route A. On the other hand, pitting corrosion resistance of pure Al samples showed an obvious declining with increasing ECAP passes. It was indicated that more homogeneous and finer α-Al/Al₃Ni structure obtained by ECAP played a vital role on improving the corrosion resistance of Al-5.4 wt% Ni alloy.     

Corrosion resistance of Mg-5Al-xSr alloys

Four types of Mg-5Al alloy with various weight percentages of Sr ranging from 0 to 1.5 wt% were examined using electrochemical techniques and surface analyses. The electrochemical results indicated that the Mg-5Al alloy containing Sr to have a higher pitting potential and impedance than the Mg-5Al specimen with highest value being observed in the Mg-5Al-1Sr specimen. Sr addition induced the continuous precipitation of Al-Sr phases along with grain refinement and increased the formation of an Al(OH)₃ film on the surface.     

Effects of La on Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of AlSi5Cu1Mg Alloy

The microstructures and corrosion behavior of AlSi5 CulMg alloy modified with different contents of La were investigated.Optical microscopy observations showed that the microstructures of AlSi5 Cu1 Mg-xLa(x = 0, 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 wt%) alloy transformed from coarse cellular to fine cellular as the content of La increased from 0 to 0.9 wt%. The results of electrochemical measurement and immersion test in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution showed that the corrosion resistance of AlSi5 CulMg-xLa alloy strongly depended on its microstructures. The AlSi5 Cu1 Mg-0.6 La sample exhibited the highest corrosion resistance due to its fine cellular structure and the cathode phases coated by the La element. The covering film of La hindered the corrosion electron flowing between the cathode and the anode. As a result, the corrosion current density of the AlSi5 CulMg-0.6 La alloy was only about 40% that of the matrix alloy in the electrochemical measurement.     

The effects of spark anodizing treatment of pure titanium metals and titanium alloys on corrosion characteristics

This study evaluated the surface characteristics of oxide films on commercially pure titanium metals (CP-Ti; Grade 2 and Grade 3) and titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V and Ti6Al7Nb) samples formed by an anodic oxidation treatment, and investigated the effects of anodization on the corrosion characteristics. FE-SEM, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy were used to evaluate the micromorphology and crystalline structure of the oxide films. The corrosion resistance of the sample groups was evaluated using open-circuit potential and cyclic polarization tests. After anodic oxidation up to dielectric breakdown with the same electric current, 150-200 nm-sized pores were distributed homogeneously on pure titanium metal samples, partially occluded pores were observed on the Ti6Al4V alloy, and there was an inhomogeneous size and distribution of pores on the Ti6Al7Nb alloy. The titanium dioxide films formed through anodic oxidation contained a phase mixture of anatase and rutile. The cyclic polarization tests showed that all the tested sample groups were not susceptible to localized corrosion. The as-received and anodically oxidized CP-Ti grade 3 groups showed a higher corrosion resistance than the other groups. The mean E_corr values of the anodically oxidized sample groups, except for the anodized Ti6Al7Nb alloy, showed higher values than those of the respective as-received sample groups. In particular, the Ti6AL7Nb alloy showed a statistically higher E_corr value in the anodized group than in the as-received group (p < 0.05).     

Al-Mn中间合金对Mg-Al-Pb-Mn合金组织和电化学性能的影响(英文)

Mg-Al-Pb合金是一种新开发的海水激活电池材料。采用熔炼浇注法制备Mg-6Al-5Pb-0.5Mn系列合金和Mg-6Al-5Pb合金。其中,Mg-6Al-5Pb-0.5Mn系列合金是以Al-15%Mn、Al-30%Mn和Al-50%Mn中间合金为添加剂制备的。采用金相显微镜和扫描电子显微镜表征其组织,采用电化学方法、析氢法和失重法研究其性能。结果表明:以Al-50%Mn中间合金为添加剂制备的Mg-6Al-5Pb-0.5Mn合金具有最负的放电电位(-1.66 V),最小的腐蚀电流密度(7μm/cm2)和自腐蚀速率(0.51 mg·h-1·cm-2)。这可能是因为Al11Mn4相的存在,不仅有利于腐蚀产物的脱落和增大电化学反应面积,而且也提高电化学活性。