成都市城郊地区乳牙列错及其分布的横断面调查

目的　了解成都市城郊地区乳牙列错情况,为乳牙列期错的预防性及阻断性矫治提供依据。方法　 对成都市双流县华阳镇幼儿园的乳牙全萌且达到接触的1 279名乳牙列儿童进行调查,计算其错率。结果　 1 279名乳牙列儿童中,错491名,错率38·38%,排列在错前5位的依次是:深覆、前牙反、切、乳牙早 失、融合牙。结论　成都市城郊地区乳牙列错率较高,需进一步作好乳牙列错的预防性及阻断性矫治工作。     

成都市城郊地区乳牙列错(牙合)及其分布的横断面调查

目的了解成都市城郊地区乳牙列错情况,为乳牙列期错的预防性及阻断性矫治提供依据。方法对成都市双流县华阳镇幼儿园的乳牙全萌且达到接触的1279名乳牙列儿童进行调查,计算其错率。结果1279名乳牙列儿童中,错491名,错率38.38%,排列在错前5位的依次是:深覆、前牙反、切、乳牙早失、融合牙。结论成都市城郊地区乳牙列错率较高,需进一步作好乳牙列错的预防性及阻断性矫治工作。     

上海地区儿童乳牙列错牙合畸形流行病学调查分析

目的了解上海地区儿童乳牙列错牙合畸形流行情况,为儿童口腔卫生保健措施的制定提供理论依据。方法按照分层随机抽样的原则抽取上海市10个区20所幼儿园的2 744名3~6岁乳牙列儿童,对乳牙牙合发育情况进行检查。结果上海地区儿童乳牙牙合错牙合畸形患病率高达69.64%,男女无统计学差异;各类错牙合畸形患病率排序依次为:深覆牙合最高为55.39%,其次是深覆盖24.31%、牙列拥挤21.25%、反牙合12.03%和开牙合7.22%,其中35%的受检者同时患有两种及以上的错牙合畸形。结论上海地区乳牙牙合错牙合畸形无论是患病率还是临床类型排序较以往调查结果都发生了明显变化,需制定相应的预防保健措施,预防其发生、发展,提高儿童口腔健康水平。     

福州市3102名儿童乳牙列错畸形情况调查

<正> 笔者于1986年5、6、9、10,4个月在福州选择17所幼儿园,对3102名儿童进行乳牙(牙合)调查,现将乳牙列错(牙合)畸形的结果分析报道如下: 对象和方法 1.对象:检查3102名儿童,均为乳牙列。其中男1610名,女1492名,年龄2～7岁,分为6个年龄组。     

儿童常见牙病与错(牙合)畸形

龋病及其并发症、牙外伤、咬合紊乱、牙发育异常是儿童口腔科常见的就诊原因,儿童口腔临床工作不仅需要治疗儿童各种常见牙病,还需对其口腔健康进行管理,使其从第一颗乳牙萌出开始,顺利建立健康乳牙列、混合牙列,直至建立正常年轻恒牙列.儿童错(胎)畸形的发生不仅与遗传因素有关,儿童时期乳牙龋坏、牙髓根尖周疾病、牙外伤、不正确的喂养方式、不良饮食习惯等均可引起咬合紊乱与错(砑)畸形.本文从儿童龋病入手,讲述几种儿童常见牙病与错(验)畸形发生的关系,以期为儿童口腔专科医生及全科口腔医生进行系统化的儿童口腔健康管理提供依据.     

1083例乳牙反的临床分析

错畸形是较为普遍的一种疾病,并且严重地影响儿童颌、、面的生长发育、本文旨在加强对乳牙列期错?畸形防治问题的重视,对1083例乳牙反的病例从病因、分类、治疗年龄和治疗方法等方面作一初步的临床分析.     

北京2-6岁儿童常见错(牙合)患病情况的研究

目的：研究近几年北京儿童错He的患病情况及特点，同时为预防和治疗儿童的错He提供参考和依据。方法：对2000年北京地区的2245名2．5－6．5岁儿童进行错He情况的调查，统计其反He、开He和牙列拥挤的患病率。使用SAS统计软件进行统计分析。结果：乳牙列和混合牙列早期错He的患病率以反He为最高，其次是牙列拥挤，开He患病率最低，所调查的儿童错He总患病率，乳牙列为9．74％，混合牙列为11．17％，He的类型以前牙He的患病率最高，效区高于市区，结论：各种错He中He的患病率最高，前牙区反He最常见，效区高于市区，所调查的其他各种错He患病率，乳牙列和混合牙列早期，市区和郊区差异均无显著性。     

邯郸市乳牙期错(牙合)韵流行病学调查

目的:对邯郸市乳牙期错(牙合)流行病学调查,为乳牙期错(牙合)的预防性矫治及阻断性矫治提供依据.方法:对邯郸市 1362 名乳牙期儿童进行调查,统计错(牙合)发病率.结果:1362名乳牙期儿童中,错(牙合)率 37.74%,排在前 5 位的错(牙合)类型是:前牙反(牙合),深覆(牙合),乳牙早失,对刃(牙合),前牙拥挤.结论:邯郸市乳牙错(牙合)发病率较高,应加强儿童错(牙合)的预防和早期矫治.     

邯郸市乳牙期错的流行病学调查

目的:对邯郸市乳牙期错流行病学调查,为乳牙期错的预防性矫治及阻断性矫治提供依据。方法:对邯郸市1362名乳牙期儿童进行调查,统计错发病率。结果:1362名乳牙期儿童中,错率37.74%,排在前5位的错类型是:前牙反,深覆,乳牙早失,对刃,前牙拥挤。结论:邯郸市乳牙错发病率较高,应加强儿童错的预防和早期矫治。     

邯郸市乳牙期错[牙合]的流行病学调查

目的：对邯郸市乳牙期错[牙合]流行病学调查,为乳牙期错[牙合]的预防性矫治及阻断性矫治提供依据。方法：对邯郸市1362名乳牙期儿童进行调查,统计错发病率。结果：1362名乳牙期儿童中,错[牙合]率37.74%,排在前5位的错[牙合]类型是：前牙反[牙合],深覆[牙合],乳牙早失,对刃,前牙拥挤。结论：邯郸市乳牙错发病率较高,应加强儿童错[牙合]的预防和早期矫治。     

Angle class I malocclusion in primary dentition and findings in permanent dentition--a follow-up study

The aim of the study was to examine stability and changes in Angle Class I malocclusion from deciduous to permanent dentition in 168 subjects. All the subjects had Class I malocclusion in deciduous dentition, and were examined by the same orthodontist on two occasions during deciduous and permanent dentition. None of the subjects had received orthodontic therapy in the meantime. The results showed considerable changes from primary to permanent dentition. Crowding in primary dentition was retained in permanent dentition in 45.2% cases. In 16.2% cases it changed into normocclusion and 38.6% subjects developed other types of malocclusion. Open bite was retained in permanent dentition in 17.8% cases and in 17.8% subjects transformed into normocclusion. 64.4% subjects developed other types of malocclusion. Cross bite was retained in permanent dentition in 21.4% cases and in 28.6% subjects changed to normocclusion. Other types of malocclusion in permanent dentition developed in 50% subjects. In 30.8% of cases finding of premature loss of deciduous teeth was accompanied by extraction of some permanent teeth. Normocclusion was retained in 19.2% cases while 50% of children developed some type of malocclusion. Crowding, which was retained in permanent dentition in 45.2% cases, showed the highest degree of stability. Children with this type of anomaly in primary dentition displayed the highest frequency of total malocclusions (83.3% subjects). Out of all anomalies in primary dentition, cross bite most frequently switched to normal occlusion in permanent dentition (in 28.6% cases).     

广州市荔湾区替牙期儿童龋齿及错畸形综合防治效果分析

目的探讨广州市荔湾区替牙期儿童窝沟封闭防龋、前牙反和开防治的效果及影响因素。方法对广州市荔湾区2009年至2013年全区适龄儿童实施窝沟封闭防龋项目;同时于2012年对荔湾区9-11岁儿童错畸形进行调查,并对前牙反和开进行干预性治疗,收集的相关数据进行统计分析。结果在广州市荔湾区,实施儿童第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭最佳对象是二年级学生（7-8岁）;荔湾区窝沟封闭项目进展相对顺利,影响项目的主要因素包括民众的认知度以及医护人员规范化操作和责任心;替牙期前牙反矫治成功率高,复发率低;前牙开矫治成功率高,但复发率也高;前牙反和开儿童就诊治疗率低。结论广州市荔湾区二年级学生（7-8岁）应尽早实施窝沟封闭;政府加强宣传教育有助于提高窝沟封闭的普及率。替牙期前牙反的早期矫治疗效显著,值得推广;前牙开早期治疗对形态功能的恢复及矫治后的稳定性有事半功倍的效果;政府可考虑加大力度推广替牙期错畸形的防治工作。     

Modified Thurow appliance: a clinical alternative for correcting skeletal open bite.

Open bite malocclusion is frequently discussed in orthodontics; diagnosis, treatment, and retention can be difficult because this malocclusion has numerous correlated etiological factors. The earlier this malocclusion is corrected, the better the prognosis will be, especially when the problem is skeletal. This article presents a patient with skeletal open bite who was treated in the mixed dentition with an orthodontic appliance that included an acrylic occlusal splint and an expansion screw, based on the original Thurow appliance, to guide the vertical force against the posterior teeth and the alveolar process.     

Incisal and condylar paths during habitual mouth opening movement of children with anterior reverse bite in the primary dentition

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the path of habitual mouth opening was influenced by anterior reverse bite malocclusion in children. Two groups of children with the primary dentition were chosen: (i) 10 children with anterior reverse bite (reverse bite group) and (ii) 10 with normal occlusion (normal occlusion group). Their habitual mouth opening movements were measured by an opto-electronic movement-analysing system with 6 d.f. at a sampling rate of 100 Hz. These movements were projected on the sagittal plane at the incisal and condylar points. To characterize the path, we used the angles between the path and the horizontal plane. In the initial stage of opening, the incisal path of the reverse bite group was displaced more posteriorly from the intercuspal position than that of the normal occlusion group. However, as opening continued, the direction of the path of the reverse bite group was more anterior than those of the normal occlusion group. During the entire opening movement, the condylar path of the reverse bite group was flatter than those of the normal occlusion group. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that anterior reverse bite in the primary dentition clearly affects the paths of habitual opening movements.     

Influence of orthodontic treatment in the primary dentition upon development of the dentition and craniofacial growth

Thirty patients who underwent orthodontic treatment of the primary dentition were examined in this retrospective follow-up study. The mean age at the beginning of treatment was 4.4 (±1.1) years, and at follow-up 15.4 (±1.7) years. Different kinds of malocclusion were present.—Results: The early treatment lasted on average 12.3 (±7.2) months. Treatment time of Class III malocclusion and lateral crossbite was significantly shorter than that of Class II,1 malocclusion, functional Class II,2 malocclusion or anterior open bite (p<0.05). A Class I occlusion was achieved in 90% of the patients during treatment of the primary dentition. No patient treated successfully in the primary dentition showed any relapse to initial malocclusion.—Conclusion: These results suggest that changes in occlusion and mandibular position during treatment in the primary dentition are maintained in the mixed and permanent dentition. It can be concluded that a Class I occlusion following orthodontic treatment in the primary dentition serves as a basis for physiological development of the dentition and craniofacial growth.     

成人骨性安氏Ⅱ类1分类错(牙合)的正颌-正畸联合治疗

目的采用正畸-正颌手术联合治疗骨性安氏Ⅱ类Ⅰ分类错(牙合)患者,介绍手术前后正畸及术前的准备工作.方法11例成人骨性安氏Ⅱ类Ⅰ分类错(牙合)患者,均经术前正畸-正颌手术-术后正畸的治疗过程.手术前后正畸目的是矫正上下颌前牙前突,排齐牙列,协调上下牙弓,平整牙(牙合)曲线,建立正颌术后良好的咬合关系.术前准备包括术前电脑模拟手术、模型外科、(牙合)板制作.结果11例患者建立了良好的咬合关系及协调的上下颌骨关系,面容美观改善.结论骨性错(牙合)畸形患者采用正畸-正颌联合治疗,能获得功能和美观的满意效果,术前正畸、电脑模拟手术、模型外科、(牙合)板制作及术后正畸,每一操作步骤的精确到位均十分重要.     

Malocclusion in the primary dentition

In this paper we analyze the type and frequency of malocclusions in a group of 100 health children with complete primary dentition. Bjork's method for epidemiological registration was taken as a basis. Of the examined children, 78% had some malocclusion type. The most frequent was the increased horizontal overbite. In vertical overbite relation we find anterior open bite, increased overbite, anterior open bite, increased overbite.     

Orthodontic Findings in the Deciduous and Early Mixed Dentition—Inferences for a Preventive Strategy

AIM AND METHOD: The aim of the present epidemiologic study was to obtain representative basic data on the frequency, extent and age-dependence of malocclusions in the deciduous and early mixed dentition. The developmental tendencies of specific malocclusions were investigated from the aspect of orthodontic prevention. The collective comprised 8,864 preschool and school-aged children, of whom 1,225 were in the deciduous dentition (mean age 4.5 years) and 7,639 in the mixed dentition (mean age 8.9 years). The orthodontic data were clinically assessed as sagittal, transversal, or vertical single-arch and occlusal findings. In addition, the malocclusions were classified according to their primary symptoms. Early infantile habits, tongue dysfunctions, speech defects and incompetent lip closure were registered separately. RESULTS: 57% of the children were found to have malocclusions, with the frequency rising statistically significantly in dependence on age from the deciduous to the mixed dentition (p < or = 0.001). The mean extent of excessive overjet increased significantly from the deciduous to the mixed dentition. Crossbite with mandibular midline discrepancies were observed significantly more frequently in the deciduous dentition. Although the frequency of anterior open bite underwent a significant decline from the deciduous to the mixed dentition, open bite was the malocclusion most frequently associated with dysfunction in both groups. The significant increase in traumatic deep bite in the mixed dentition indicates an unfavorable developmental tendency in this anomaly until after the eruption of the permanent incisors. CONCLUSION: The need for preventive orthodontic therapy and for the intensified application of interceptive and early treatment measures is stressed in view of the high number of malalignments and malocclusions in the deciduous and mixed dentition and the tendency for some forms of malocclusion to deteriorate as the dentition develops.     

青岛市崂山区8~9岁儿童错畸形调查分析

目的 调查青岛市崂山区替牙期儿童错畸形的发病率及其与龋病的关系,为早期矫治提供科学依据。方法 参照WHO推荐的《口腔健康检查基本方法》中的方法与标准,并使用SPSS17.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果 1803名小学生中,错畸形1322例,总发病率为73.32%。安氏Ⅰ类错畸形519例（39.26%）,安氏Ⅱ类错畸形374例（28.29%）,安氏Ⅲ类错畸形357例（27.00%）,不对称畸形72例（5.45%）。在各类错畸形中,常见的临床表现包括深覆、深覆盖、轻度拥挤、反,分别占错畸形人数的37.67%、29.19%、16.94%和16.03%,总发病率为73.32%。患龋病1158例,总患病率为64.23%。其中,男625例（34.66%）,女532例（29.51%）。结论 青岛市崂山区8~9岁儿童错畸形的发病率偏高,错畸形的发生和龋病关系密切。