压电器件用KNN基无铅压电陶瓷的研究进展

(K, Na)NbO₃(KNN)基无铅压电陶瓷作为一种环境友好型材料,兼具较高的居里温度和可调控的相界结构,在压电器件领域展示出潜在的应用前景,引起了广泛关注和大量研究。对其物相组成、制备工艺、性能调控等方面的研究进展进行了评述,并重点介绍了其在压电器件领域的实际应用,最后对KNN及其在器件应用方面未来的研究和发展方向进行了总结展望。     

铌酸钾钠基1-3型压电复合物的制备及其性能研究

采用传统固相法制备了在1 130 ℃下烧结而成的(K_0.45Na_0.55)_0.98Li_0.02(Nb_0.77Ta_0.18Sb_0.05)O₃(KNLNTS)无铅压电陶瓷。陶瓷致密度和电学性能较好,致密度达到98%,室温压电常数为308.7 pC/N,厚度振动机电耦合系数可达0.5,1 kHz时介电损耗为0.043。以上述KNLNTS基粉体为原料,利用切割填充法制备1-3型压电复合材料并研究了厚度对复合材料的性能影响。结果表明,复合材料的压电常数、厚度振动机电耦合系数均随厚度的增加而增加,介电损耗随厚度的增加而减少,而相对介电常数基本保持不变。     

铌酸钾钠基无铅压电陶瓷烧结及极化工艺优化

采用传统固相法在烧结温度1 110~1 150 ℃内成功制备了(K_0.5Na_0.5)_0.98Li_0.02Nb_0.77Ta_0.18Sb_0.05O₃(LTS-KNN)无铅压电陶瓷,所有样品结晶性良好,无第二相产生。在1 130 ℃下烧结的压电陶瓷致密度良好,陶瓷表现出较好的压电性能。通过调节极化电场与极化温度可改善陶瓷的极化程度,进而优化陶瓷的压电性能。实验结果表明,在烧结温度为1 130 ℃,极化电场为3 kV/mm,极化温度为60 ℃时,陶瓷的压电性能达到最佳,即压电常数d₃₃=310 pC/N,机电耦合系数k_p= 48%。     

无铅压电陶瓷研究开发进展

无铅压电陶瓷的研究和开发是当前压电铁电材料领域的研究热点之一。该文结合近期国内外有关无铅压电陶瓷论文．综述了无铅压电陶瓷研究开发的相关进展,着重介绍了BaTi03基无铅压电陶瓷、Bi1／2Na1／2TiO3(BNT)基无铅压电陶瓷、NaNbO3基无铅压电陶瓷、铋层状结构无铅压电陶瓷及钨青铜结构无铅压电陶瓷等不同陶瓷种类的相关体系、制备方法及压电铁电性能。     

关于无铅压电陶瓷及其应用的几个问题

综合分析无铅压电陶瓷在压电陶瓷材料中的地位,指出要想让无铅压电陶瓷完全取代铅基压电陶瓷在现阶段是不可能的,但对大量的压电中端应用和低端应用,无铅压电陶瓷材料与器件大有用武之地;给出了目前无铅压电陶瓷研究的主要体系,包括BaTiO3基无铅压电陶瓷、Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3(BNT)基无铅压电陶瓷和铌酸盐系无铅压电陶瓷;分析了当前无铅压电陶瓷研究开发应注意的问题,并对今后研究开发的相关方向,如提高机电耦合系数(k)、压电常数(d)和机械品质因数(Qm)等,提出了一些建议。     

无铅压电陶瓷的器件应用分析

随着社会可持续发展战略的实施和人们环保意识的加强,无铅压电陶瓷及其器件应用已成为当前铁电压电材料及其应用研究的热点之一。该文通过对近期铋层状结构和Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3基无铅压电陶瓷,以及研发的无铅压电陶瓷的相关压电参数的分析,对照传统PZT基压电陶瓷的器件应用,分析了无铅压电陶瓷相关性能参数对器件应用的影响。     

Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)0.2(Hf1-xTix)0.8O3陶瓷压电能量收集特性研究

采用铌铁矿前驱体两步法制备了Pb(Zn_1/3Nb_2/3)_0.2(Hf_1-xTi_x)_0.8O₃(PZNH_1-xT_x)钙钛矿压电陶瓷,研究了铪钛比对陶瓷相结构、电学性能和能量收集特性的影响。结果表明,当x=0.52时,陶瓷样品位于准同型相界,具有最优综合压电性能：居里温度T_C=287 ℃,品质因数FOM≈14 753×10^-15 m²/N,压电电荷常数d₃₃=492 pC/N。由该组成材料构建的悬臂梁型压电能量收集器输出功率密度高达4.16 μW/mm³,所转化的电能可成功点亮138盏并联的LED灯。结果表明,PZNHT陶瓷在压电能量收集领域具有良好的应用潜力。     

从PZT体系看无铅压电陶瓷的可能应用

总结了主要以(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3和NaNbO3为基的无铅压电陶瓷的性能，以Pb(Ti，Zr)TiO3基二元系、三元系压电陶瓷的性能与应用为参考，分析了无铅压电陶瓷可能的器件应用。此外，还对拓宽无铅压电陶瓷应用需要改进的性能提出了建议。     

Sn-Ge改性BCZT无铅压电陶瓷的结构与性能

采用传统的固相反应法将Sn、Ge以不同质量比掺入(Ba_0.85Ca_0.15)(Zr_0.09Ti_0.91-_2xSn_xGe_x)O₃(x为质量比)无铅压电陶瓷中，研究其相结构、微观组织、介电性能和压电性能的影响。结果表明，Sn、Ge掺入晶体内部后仍为单一的钙钛矿结构，没有明显的第二相产生，但掺杂引起了晶体内部晶格的变化。随着Sn、Ge掺杂量的逐渐增加，其压电常数和机电耦合系数呈现先增大后减小的趋势。当Sn、Ge的掺杂量x-=0.032时，该体系的居里温度最高(为122 ℃)。     

铋基无铅压电敏感材料的性能调控研究进展

基于无铅压电陶瓷的高性能器件的应用日益广泛。铋基材料具有一定的综合性能,尤其在高温压电领域,是一种有潜力替代锆钛酸铅(PZT)基材料的候选体系。文章综述了与如何调控无铅压电材料性能这一关键问题相关的国内外研究进展,对调节相界、掺杂、调控制备工艺和畴工程等多方面进行了阐述,并尝试分析了无铅压电体系在实用化道路上存在的亟待解决的问题。     

High-Temperature Capacitor Based on Ca-Doped Bi<Subscript>0.5</Subscript>Na<Subscript>0.5</Subscript>TiO<Subscript>3</Subscript>-BaTiO<Subscript>3</Subscript> Ceramics

High-temperature capacitors were prepared by the conventional oxide method based on Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃-BaTiO₃-CaTiO₃ (BNT-BT-CT) lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. BNT-BT is one of the promising candidates as a high-temperature relaxor, and has a high Curie temperature and broadened dielectric constant. The addition of CT increases the dielectric constant at lower temperatures and decreases the dielectric constant at higher temperatures, so that the variation of capacitance is decreased. The effect of BT on the temperature characteristic of dielectric constant is contrary to that of CT. A single-phase rhombohedral perovskite and square grains were obtained in this study. With the proper amount of BT and CT additions, the high-temperature specification can be met: from −55°C to 200°C, the variation of capacitance is within ±15% of room-temperature capacitance.     

Investigation of Structural and Electrical Properties of B-Site Complex Ion (Mg1/3Nb2/3)4+-Modified High-Curie-Temperature BiFeO3-BaTiO3 Ceramics

B-site complex ion (Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)-modified high-temperature ceramics 0.71BiFeO₃-0.29BaTi_1?x (Mg_1/3Nb_2/3) _x O₃ (BF-BTMNx) have been fabricated by the conventional solid-state reaction method. The compositional dependence of the?phase structure, electrical properties, and depolarization temperature of the ceramics was studied. The main phase structure of BF-BTMNx ceramics is perovskite phase with pseudocubic symmetry. The experimental results show that the dielectric and piezoelectric properties, and temperature stability strongly depend on the (Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)⁴⁺ content. The optimum (Mg_1/3Nb_2/3) content enhances the piezoelectric properties, Curie temperature, and depolarization temperature. The ceramic with x = 1% exhibited enhanced electrical properties of d ₃₃ = 158 pC/N and k _p = 0.322, combined with high-temperature stability with Curie temperature of T _c = 453°C and depolarization temperature of T _d = 400°C. These results show that the ceramic with x = 1% is a promising lead-free high-temperature piezoelectric material.     

Bi0.5(Na0.8K0.2)0.5TiO3-(Bi1-yLay)FeO3压电陶瓷的制备和性能

采用传统固相法制备了新型(1-x)Bi0.5(Na0.8K0.2)0.5TiO3-x(Bi1-yLay)FeO3无铅压电陶瓷,利用了XRD、SEM等测试技术表征了该陶瓷的晶体结构、表面形貌、介电和压电性能.研究结果表明,在所研究的组成范围内陶瓷材料均能形成纯的钙钛矿结构固溶体,陶瓷晶粒尺寸随x、y的增加而增加.压电性能随x的增加先增加后减少,随y的增加先减小后增大,在x=0.005,y=0.9时,压电常数及机电耦合系数达到最大值(d33=149 pC/N,kp=0.27).     

MBi_4Ti_4O_(15)基陶瓷的研究现状与发展趋势

铋层状结构无铅铁电陶瓷具有良好的抗疲劳性能和较高的居里温度,在铁电存储以及高温压电器件方面具有广阔的应用前景。介绍了MBi4Ti4O15基铋层状陶瓷的结构特点,综述了微量元素掺杂、粉体制备方法和晶粒定向技术对该陶瓷铁电压电性能的影响。并展望了MBi4Ti4O15基铋层状无铅铁电陶瓷未来的发展趋势。     

[Bi0.5(Nal-x-yKxAgy )0.5]1-zBazTiO3系压电陶瓷研究

采用传统固相法制备了一类新型的A位多重复合钛酸铋钠(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3,BNT)基无铅压电陶瓷[Bi05(Na1-x-yKxAgy)0.s]1-xBazTiO3(BNKABT-x-y-z).研究了K+、Ag+、Ba2含量对陶瓷微观结构和电学性能的影响.结果表明,在所研究的组成范围内,陶瓷样品均形成了单一的钙...     

Enhanced Piezoelectric Properties and Tunability of Lead-Free Ceramics Prepared by High-Energy Ball Milling

Zirconium-doped barium titanate Ba(Zr_0.15Ti_0.85)O₃ lead-free ceramics (hereinafter referred to as BZT) were synthesized using the solid-state reaction method by adopting the high-energy ball milling technique. Nanosized BZT powders resulted from high-energy ball milling, which in turn enhanced the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of the ceramics. A single-phase perovskite structure free from secondary phase peaks was observed for sintered BZT samples, and a relative density of ～94% of the theoretical density was achieved. The electric-field-induced polarization-current data indicate the ferroelectric nature of the samples. Unipolar strain as high as 0.12% was realized for the ceramics sintered at 1350°C, indicating their potential for use in actuator applications. Very high tunability of >70% for these ceramics is also reported.     

新型无铅压电陶瓷的研制

针对钛酸铋钠(Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3)基复合钙钛矿压电铁电材料,提出了多种新的ABO3型A位多重复合无铅压电陶瓷体系,利用传统陶瓷工艺制备了这些压电陶瓷,报道了其常温铁电压电性能和铁电压电性能的温度依存关系。对比迄今为止国际上专利和文章报道的无铅压电陶瓷体系可知,这些新的无铅压电陶瓷具有压电铁电性能优良,铁电电滞回线矩形度高,压电铁电性能的温度特性好等特点。所测得的一个体系的d33可达230 pC/N,同时其kp可达0.40, Pr可达40106C/cm2;而且,该体系在温度到达近200℃时还具有很好的铁电电滞回线。