共查询到13条相似文献,搜索用时 21 毫秒
1.
Chandra Kant Pawe 《Geografisk tidskrift / udgivet af Bestyrelsen for Det Kongelige danske geografiske selskab》2018,118(1):88-100
Unplanned urban growth, particularly in developing countries has led to changes in land use/land cover (LULC). Numerous Indian cities face problems of unplanned LULC change due to nominal or non-existent planning efforts compounded by rapid urban population growth. The Guwahati Metropolitan Area (GMA) is one such urban centre. The present study assesses the trajectories of LULC change using Landsat imageries acquired in 1976, 1989, 2002 and 2015. Natural and semi natural vegetated area and artificial and natural water bodies decreased while built-up areas, cultivated and managed areas, and natural and semi natural non-vegetated areas increased. The built-up area increased from 23.9 in 1976 to 115.1 km2 in 2015 becoming the dominant land cover class accounting for 41.8% of the total geographical area. During this period, natural and semi natural vegetated land were reduced by 88.9 km2 at an annual rate of 2.2 km2. Over the years there was an increasing trend of built-up land and cultivated and managed areas in the peripheral areas of the city while natural and semi natural vegetated land diminished. Consequently, as in many other developing countries, there is an urgent need for the governmental authorities and other stakeholders to implement effective urban planning policies. 相似文献
2.
利用kernel密度估计方法考察了京津冀都市区1995-2007年经济分布演化过程,在此基础上,引入经济增长分布模拟模型进一步模拟研究了其经济增长驱动力的作用效应。研究发现:①京津冀都市区经济增长分布形态经历了"双峰状"→"单峰状"→"双峰状"的演化过程。②资本深化、技术效率、技术进步和空间依赖效应对京津冀都市区经济增长起显著作用。③资本深化和技术效率对京津冀都市区经济增长分布演化起重要作用,而技术进步、空间外溢效应和误差分布效应则没有显著的作用。④资本深化分布的变化和技术效率综合作用效应的变化是影响京津冀都市区经济分布演化的驱动力,并通过资本深化的分布效应和技术效率的综合作用效应这两个渠道对其经济分布演化产生影响。⑤对京津冀都市区经济增长起作用的因素不一定能够影响到其经济分布的演化,基于分解技术的经济增长分布模拟模型,并利用理论分布和实际分布差异性的统计检验可以识别真正影响其经济分布演化的因素及其作用渠道。 相似文献
3.
利用夜间灯光遥感数据和POI数据,采用断裂点分析法得出城市实体地域的范围大小。在此基础上引入交通便利系数和相对引力常量修正引力模型,分析广佛都市区内部各个城市实体地域间的引力强度和方向。结果表明:1)广佛都市区形成了以核心区为中心的“7+1”城镇体系结构;2)“七边形”正向城市体系结构围绕核心区域生成,“六边形”负向城市体系结构围绕西南区域生成,“西强东弱”格局明显;3)城市三角结构是广佛城市引力结构的基本单元,发展较好的城市组团为“核心区—顺德—南沙”“核心区—顺德—高明”“核心区—三水—花都”“核心区—花都—从化”,而“核心区—增城—南沙”和“核心区—高明—三水”组团则发展动能不足;4)广佛都市区引力势能大小及结构稳定与城市经济职能强度正相关。 相似文献
4.
提出一种基于FCD数据的城市有效路网密度的评价方法,主要是从城市路网的静态布局结构和动态交通流量两个方面对城市路网数据以及FCD数据进行核密度估计分析,得到城市有效路网密度等级的分布特征,继而通过理论与实际道路网密度等级差异对比分析,发现路网中差异区域,为城市路网规划提供可靠的依据。以广州市中心城区越秀、荔湾内的主要路网数据以及2010年五一期间中心城区内出租车的FCD数据为例,利用上述评价方法进行分析得出以下结论:区域内人民中路、人民南路、白云路、中山六路和中山七路路段的理论与实际密度等级差异性明显,表现为路段上密度核的数量与核影响范围差异大,其中尤为突出的是人民中路和人民南路,从理论有效路网密度的分析角度,两个路段都是高密度区域,与实际交通流量存在较大的密度分异。 相似文献
5.
伊朗位于“丝绸之路经济带”与“海上丝绸之路”的交汇点,了解伊朗的发展格局有助于帮助“一带一路”倡议更好地执行和实施。而城市又是一国经济发展的载体,因此,研究伊朗城镇空间的时空变化能够从宏观上了解伊朗,进而为今后两国的合作提供参考依据。此研究基于2000—2015年伊朗影像数据,利用数学统计、核密度、标准差椭圆分析方法,对伊朗城镇空间演变进行时空分析。研究结果表明:1)伊朗城市扩张力度逐年增加,经济发展困境并未对城市扩张速度造成较大影响。2)伊朗西部49.35%的国土分布着81.62%的城镇建成区。全国城镇建成区呈现出形似“蟹钳”的集群-不规则轴线型分布,即“一片区、上钳线、中钳线、下钳线”的空间分布格局。3)伊朗城镇空间分布在整体方向即分布重心上向西北方迁移,但具体形态上东北方影响力度更大。4)伊朗城镇空间分布存在区域不均衡性,但是这种不均衡性在时间序列上逐渐弱化。 相似文献
6.
Guiming Zhang Qunying Huang 《International journal of geographical information science》2017,31(10):2068-2097
Kernel density estimation (KDE) is a classic approach for spatial point pattern analysis. In many applications, KDE with spatially adaptive bandwidths (adaptive KDE) is preferred over KDE with an invariant bandwidth (fixed KDE). However, bandwidths determination for adaptive KDE is extremely computationally intensive, particularly for point pattern analysis tasks of large problem sizes. This computational challenge impedes the application of adaptive KDE to analyze large point data sets, which are common in this big data era. This article presents a graphics processing units (GPUs)-accelerated adaptive KDE algorithm for efficient spatial point pattern analysis on spatial big data. First, optimizations were designed to reduce the algorithmic complexity of the bandwidth determination algorithm for adaptive KDE. The massively parallel computing resources on GPU were then exploited to further speed up the optimized algorithm. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed optimizations effectively improved the performance by a factor of tens. Compared to the sequential algorithm and an Open Multiprocessing (OpenMP)-based algorithm leveraging multiple central processing unit cores for adaptive KDE, the GPU-enabled algorithm accelerated point pattern analysis tasks by a factor of hundreds and tens, respectively. Additionally, the GPU-accelerated adaptive KDE algorithm scales reasonably well while increasing the size of data sets. Given the significant acceleration brought by the GPU-enabled adaptive KDE algorithm, point pattern analysis with the adaptive KDE approach on large point data sets can be performed efficiently. Point pattern analysis on spatial big data, computationally prohibitive with the sequential algorithm, can be conducted routinely with the GPU-accelerated algorithm. The GPU-accelerated adaptive KDE approach contributes to the geospatial computational toolbox that facilitates geographic knowledge discovery from spatial big data. 相似文献
7.
保险业在中国经济发展、转型和产业升级等方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。论文利用粤港澳大湾区2006—2019年的市级面板数据,运用熵权、核密度估计和空间计量等方法,研究粤港澳大湾区保险业发展水平时空特征及其对经济增长的影响,结果表明:① 保险业发展水平综合指数在波动中上升,11个城市保险业发展水平呈现香港、澳门和广州单核领跑大湾区东、中、西部的特征,珠三角9市呈现广州、深圳和珠海单核领跑广佛肇、深莞惠和珠中江三大经济圈的特征;② 11个城市保险业发展水平存在两极分化现象,但高值区与低值区的绝对差异有缩小趋势,低值区城市之间的差距有扩大趋势;③ 保险业发展对本地区经济增长产生了显著的正向影响,在其他影响因素保持不变的情况下,保险业发展水平每提升1%,本地区经济增长0.0538%。保险业发展具有负溢出效应,但未通过显著性检验。研究成果为粤港澳大湾区相关部门制定保险业与经济发展相互促进的产业政策提供了理论依据。 相似文献
8.
基于城市经济转型内涵,应用以综合赋权为基础的模糊物元模型和核密度估计模型等评价方法,对2000~2012年中国城市经济转型成效的时空格局演变进行分析。结果表明:① 2000~2012年中国经济转型低值地区发展速度提升较快,高值地区发展有减缓趋势,但整体呈现出较好的转型态势且区域间差距逐渐缩小。2005年特别是2008年金融危机以后取得成效并不显著。② 城市经济发展水平稳步提升,但空间格局变化甚微。经济规模扩张度、结构优化度、发展持续度在空间上呈现正向变化,转型成效明显;经济效益提升度却呈现出正反向回旋式变化,说明转型中政府政策的实施存在时滞效应且转型对就业产生了一定的挤出效应。③ 城市经济转型的时空格局演变是多种因素综合作用的结果。历史性基础因素奠定了城市经济转型的基础,提升性动力因素为其注入了活力,二者相互作用共同决定了当前经济转型现状,未来影响城市经济转型的主要因素包括内生发展能力和政策导向因素。 相似文献
9.
武汉市城市空间集聚要素的分布特征与模式 总被引:12,自引:3,他引:9
不同城市要素的集聚现象具有不同的空间模式,定量化研究城市要素集聚模式的差异和联系对于理解城市发展机理、合理制定城市规划具有重要意义。本文以武汉市为例,获取不透水表面、商业服务业网点(POI)、人口、容积率、城市道路等城市要素数据;采用核密度估计法识别城市主次中心,从城市要素的分布形态、集聚程度、集聚模式等来研究城市要素的空间分布格局特征。研究发现,武汉市呈现“一主七副”的多中心结构,各城市要素从城市中心向外呈反S型的圈层递减。采用集聚度指数衡量城市要素的集聚水平,结果显示商业POI、人口密度的集聚程度最大,其次是容积率、道路密度、不透水表面占比。高度集聚的商业POI、人口密度呈现出点状模式与带状模式相结合的分布模式,中度集聚的道路密度、容积率呈现点状模式、环状模式与轴状模式相结合的分布模式,低度集聚的不透水表面密度主要表现为环状模式。城市中心的吸引、立体空间开发等促进了城市要素的向心集聚,交通干线、稀缺景观资源的廊道效应等重塑了城市要素的空间分布形态。 相似文献
10.
以青岛为实证研究区域,从理论角度探讨了道路全局和局部邻近中心性的地理含义及其各自优缺点,认为全局邻近中心性(GCC)反映的是网络上各点到网络“质心”的距离,可从全局角度反映区位重要性;局部邻近中心性(LCC)反映小范围空间区域的重心,与局部路网密度相关。进一步根据核密度估计(KDE)的机理证明,在城市地理空间结构的实际应用案例中适宜采用KDE法来进行空间分析。本文以手机话务量数据反映的城市居民活动空间结构为例讨论了邻近中心性核密度估计(CC-KDE)的应用,发现与居民活动相关性最高的是核密度全局邻近中心性(GCC-KDE),因为全局邻近中心性核密度估计(GCC-KDE)综合了到网络“质心”距离与道路网络局部密度双重因素,故反映城市人口等与道路密度相关的社会经济现象更有效。 相似文献
11.
随着旅游业的快速发展,旅游城市在法定节假日出现了交通需求的大幅增长,导致不同程度的交通问题。本文利用厦门市的浮动车数据(FCD),分别选取2014年10月1日与10月14日作为节假日与工作日的样本进行研究,首先通过OD点核密度估计判断节假日与工作日出行在时空上的差异,确定研究的时空范围;其次,通过对FCD数据进行核密度估计分析旅游景点周边的车流量变化,并与路段的等级、车道数等道路设施属性进行对比,推测路网的容量;最后进一步通过计算路网中路段行程车速验证方法的可行性。结果显示:节假日期间的旅游交通与工作日的通勤交通在时空分布上存在差异,同时基于FCD数据研究旅游景点周边的路网容量是有效的,厦大—南普陀景点周边路网在节假日期间无法满足车流量的需求。本文对旅游景点周边路网容量的评估结果可为旅游旺季旅游路网的合理规划与管控提供依据。 相似文献
12.
《The Professional geographer》1982,34(3):352-379
Books reviewed in this article: Aerial Photography and Remote Sensing Aerial photography and image interpretation for Resource Management . DAVID P. PAINE . Analytical Models and Techniques Spatial Processes Models and Applications A. D. CLIFF AND J. K. ORD Quantitative and Statistical Approaches to Geography: A Practical Manual JOHN A. MATTHEWS . Cartography and Maps Map Data Processing . HERBERT FREEMAN AND GOFFREDO G. PIERONI , eds. Computer-assisted Cartography: Principles and Prospects, 1982 . MARK S. MONMONIER . Cultural Navajo Architecture: Forms, History, Distributions . STEPHEN C. JETT AND VIRGINIA E . SPENCER . Rational Landscapes and Humanistic Geography . EDWARD RELPH . Economic The Structure and Control of a State Economy . W. L. L'ESPERANCE . Economic Geography . JAMES O. WHEELER AND PETER O. MULLER . The Myth of the Family Farm: Agribusiness Dominance of U.S. Agriculture . INGOLF VOCELER . Libya: The Experience of Oil . J. A. ALLEN . Geography of Public Finance, Welfare Under Fiscal Federalism and local Government Finance . ROBERT BENNETT . Environmental Management, Resources, and Systems Mountains and Man . LARRY W. PRICE . Environmental Geology . DONALD R. COATES . An Introduction to Environmental Systems . G. H. DURY . The Environment: Chinese and American Views . Edited by LAURENCE J. C. MA AND ALLEN G. NOBLE . Land Use in America . RICHARD H. JACKSON . Medical Conceptual and Methodological Issues in Medical Geography . MELINDA S. MEADE (ed.). Philosophy and Geographic Thought Birds in Egg/Eggs in Bird . GUNNAR OLSSON . PhysicaI Climatology: Selected Applications . J. E. OLIVER . Geomorphological Techniques . ANDREW GOUDIE (ed.). Political Politics, Geography and Behaviour . RICHARD MUIR AND RONAN PADDISON . The State of the World Atlas . MICHAEL KIDRON AND RONALD SECAL . Population The Population of the South . DUDLEY L. POSTON , JR . AND ROBERT H. WELLER , eds. Regional Latin America: Economic Development and Regional Differentiation . ARTHUR MORRIS . Developing the Amazon . EMILIO F. MORAN . Western Europe: A Systematic Human Geography . BRIAN W. ILBERY . Settlement Systems in Sparsely Settled Regions: The United States and Australia . RICHARD E. LONSDALEAND JOHN H. HOLMES , eds. African Perspectives: The Economic Geography of Nine African States . HARM DE BUJ AND ESMOND MARTIN , eds. Rural Nonmetropolitan America in Transition . AMOS H. HAWLEY AND SARA MILLS MAZIE , eds. Social Crime and Environment . R. NORMAN DAVIDSON . The Ghetto: Readings with Interpretations . JOE T. DARDEN , ed. Urban Urban Problems and Planning in the Developed World . MICHAEL PACIONE (ed.) Problems and Planning in Third World Cities . Edited by MICHAEL PACIONE . The City in West Europe . D. BURTENSHAW , M. BATEMAN , AND C. J. ASHWORTH . 相似文献
13.
《The Professional geographer》1988,40(3):347-378
Books reviewed in this article: The Mexican Colonial Copper Industry. Elinore M. Barrett . The Control Revolution: Technological and Economic Origins of the Information Society . James R. Beniger . Land Degradation and Society . Piers M. Blaikie And Harold C. Brookfield , Eds . La carte, mode d'emploi. Roger Brunet . France: les dynamiques du territoire . Roger Brunet AND Jacques Sallois , EDS. At the Crossroads—The Mineral Problems of the United States . Eugene N. Cameron . A Census of One Billion People , Papers for International Seminar on China's 1982 Population Census. Li Chengrui , ED. Les Milieux “Naturels” du Globe . Jean Demangeot . The Geophysiology of Amazonia: Vegetation and Climate Interactions : Robert E. Dickinson , ED. Tenn-Tom Country . James F. Doster And David C. Weaver . Family Farming in Europe and America . Boguslaw Galeski And Eugene Wilkening , EDS. The Geography of Urban Transportation . Susan Hanson , Ed. Combating Desertification in Developing Countries . J. K. Jain , ED. Cartography in France—1660–1848. Science, Engineering and Statecraft . Josef W. Konvitz . Distribution of Distances in Pregeographical Space . Hans Kuiper . Physical Geography Lab Manual: A New Experimental Approach . Neal G. Lineback And John M. Harlin . Physical Geography: A Landscape Appreciation , 2nd ed. Tom L. Mc Knight . The Desert Is No Lady: Southwestern Landscapes in Women's Writing and Art . Vera Norwood And Janice Monk , EDS. France: A Geographical, Social, and Economic Survey . Philippe Pinchemel , translated, by D. Elkins and T. H. Elkins. Gene Banks and the World's Food . Donald L. Plucknett , Nigel J. H. Smith , J. T. Williams , And N. Murthi Anishetty . Latin American Development: Geographical Perspectives . David Preston , Ed. Making Sense of Development: An Introduction to Classical and Contemporary Theories of Development and Their Application to Southeast Asia . P. W. Preston . The History of the Countryside. Oliver Rackham . The Third World in Perspective . H. A. Reitsma AND J. M. G. Kleinpenning . The Industrial Geography of Australia . David C. Rich . The Recruiting Game , 2nd Ed., revised. John F. Rooney , JR. A Cultural Geography of North American Indians . Thomas E. Ross AND Tyrel G. Moore , EDS. Eastern Europe . Dean S. Rugg . Human Territoriality: Its Theory and History . Cambridge Studies in Historical Geography: 7. Robert David Sack . Experimental Fluvial Geomorphology . Stanley A. Schumm , M. Paul Mosley , AND William E. Weaver . The New Urban Landscape . David Schuyler . Atlas of American Women . Barbara Gimla Shortridge . Impacts of Hazardous Technology: The Psycho-Social Effects of Restarting TMI-1 . John Sorensen , Jon Soderstrom , Emily Copenhaver , Sam Carnes AND Robert Bolin . Modern Physical Geography , 3rd Ed., (Third Edition). Arthur N. Strahler AND Alan H. Strahler . India: Economic Resource Base and Contemporary Political Patterns . B. L. Sukhwal . 相似文献