黄泛平原区（1∶25万济南幅）浅层孔隙水多年动态变化特征

分析济南幅黄泛平原区浅层孔隙水的补给来源、地下水流场形态变化、地下水排泄途径及水化学多年变化特征,并结合区内浅层地下水开采强度资料综合研究认为,引起济南幅黄泛平原区浅层孔隙水动力场变化的主要原因是地下水开采量的变化与天然补给源的减少。研究表明,局部水位下降甚至产生超采漏斗主要是由于地下水长期过量开采引起的,并对区域地下水流场形态影响较大,区内已形成地下水分水岭。     

西北内陆盆地浅层地下水温度场及动态类型: 以酒泉东盆地为例

温度是地下水的固有属性，地下水温度场和动态特征是地下水流系统的外在表现。为揭示地下水开采等人类活动影响下西北内陆盆地浅层地下水温度场特征与地下水流系统的关系，基于多点位、长序列、高精度的地下水温度监测数据，在酒泉东盆地开展了地下水温度场及动态特征研究。结果表明:酒泉东盆地浅层地下水温度9.33~20.77℃不等，平均水温为13.54℃，自地下水补给区至排泄区，沿地下水径流方向，浅层地下水温度逐渐升高；循环深度相近的不同地下水流系统对比表明，浅层地下水温度与地下水动力条件呈负相关，地表水入渗补给大、水动力条件强的水流系统地下水平均温度低，入渗补给小、水动力条件弱的地下水平均温度高；浅层地下水温度动态受自然地下水循环和地下水开采等人类活动共同影响，从山前地下水补给区到中游绿洲区再到下游排泄区，浅部地下水温度动态可划分为4种基本类型，依次分别为河流补给型、水温稳定型、开采相关型、正弦波动型。      

鲁西北平原区浅层孔隙水Mn超标特征分析

鲁西北平原区位于山东西部,是重要的工业基地和粮食产区,面临着地下水资源缺乏和水质不佳的问题,浅层孔隙水中Mn含量超标严重。利用区内建立的国家地下水监测工程网络,测试浅层孔隙水中Mn的含量,分析地下水中Mn含量与水文地质条件和地下水化学特征的关系。结果表明:研究区内浅层孔隙水中Mn含量较高,平均值0.847mg/L,最大浓度为4.91mg/L,单指标评价结果超过Ⅲ类限值的监测点227个,超标率81.9%;在山前冲洪积平原区、黄泛平原区和滨海平原区,含水层岩性和地下水径流条件是影响Mn的迁移和富集的主要因素,受人类活动影响改变的地下水酸碱环境和海水入侵在局部地区形成了Mn高值区。从成因来看研究区锰超标属于背景值偏高。     

临汾盆地地下水流场及其变异特征分析

本文通过浅层地下水和中深层地下水流场、变异特征及其孔隙水系统渗流场的演变,分析得出临汾盆地地下水流场及其变异特征。     

郭里集单斜岩溶水水质演化探析

区内岩溶地下水的水质特征时间、空间的变化主要是岩溶水的存储、补给、循环径流、开采等条件的变化造成的。岩溶水的补给主要来源于地表水的直接补给、第四系孔隙水的越流补给、大气降水的直接补给及上游的侧向径流补给。     

近50 a来新疆孔雀河灌区地下水流系统演变特征

新疆孔雀河灌区面临地下水超采问题，科学认识区域地下水流系统的发育条件和演变特征，是优化地下水资源开发利用方式的基础。通过构建第四系含水层三维地下水稳定流模型，利用流线追踪技术，模拟识别了孔雀河流域1970-2020年期间地下水流系统的变化特征。结果表明，不同补给区和排泄区通过流线进行组合，在孔雀河周边形成了交错分布的地下水流系统，其空间分布格局随灌区地下水开采规模而变化。在20世纪70年代的拟天然状态，灌区主要发育自北向南的地下水流系统，其空间分布格局取决于水文地质参数和排泄要素，并可能存在1~4个以孔雀河为排泄带的流动系统。在有强烈地下水开采的现状条件下，灌区地下水流系统转变为从四周流向漏斗中心，截断了从孔雀河上游渗漏到中下游河道排泄的水流系统。近50 a来，以潜水蒸发为排泄方式的地下水流系统投影面积萎缩了29%，而以地下水开采为排泄方式的地下水流系统投影面积从零增加到研究区面积的40%。潜水蒸发对自然生态系统具有重要的支撑作用，灌区地下水开采应有所控制以保障潜水蒸发型地下水流系统的发育条件。      

济南北跨地区浅层地下水水化学多元统计分析

根据浅层地下水的水流特征和人类活动影响,将研究区进行了水文地质单元分区,应用因子分析法对各分区浅层地下水水化学特征进行研究。结果表明:黄河沿岸(Ⅰ区)浅层孔隙水形成过程中经历了蒸发浓缩作用、混合作用和溶滤作用,以蒸发浓缩作用为主;径流条件差的引黄灌溉区(Ⅱ区),浅层孔隙水形成过程中经历了混合作用和蒸发浓缩作用,以混合作用为主;径流条件较好的地下水开采区(Ⅲ区),浅层孔隙水形成过程中经历了蒸发浓缩作用和溶滤作用,以蒸发浓缩作用为主。     

莱芜盆地牟汶河流域水体同位素特征与分析

通过对莱芜盆地牟汶河流域附近不同水体进行取样,采用氢氧同位素进行分析,初步研究了牟汶河流域上游不同类型地下水氢氧同位素分布特征,分析了地下水补给来源及循环机理。研究结果表明:莱芜盆地东部牟汶河上游地区,松散岩类孔隙水、岩浆岩变质岩类裂隙水补给来源主要为大气降水,地下水循环速度较快;岩溶水除接受大气降水补给外,还接受其他类型地下水间接补给;整体上研究区内地下水循环更新速度较快,均为0～10年左右新水。     

邹平市北部平原区地下水资源评价及开采潜力分析

邹平市北部平原区孔隙水分布广泛且南北差异较大,摸清邹平市地下水资源储量,进行开采潜力分析,提出解决水资源供需矛盾和合理开发利用地下水资源的现实措施,对邹平市合理高效开发利用地下水资源具有重要意义。为推动邹平市地下水合理高效开发利用,本文利用地下水均衡原理,对区内浅层及深层孔隙水进行资源量计算,并对浅层地下水开发利用潜力进行分区。分析表明,邹平市地下水分布较为不均,存在"南超北余"不均匀分布的现状。调整开采布局的原则是以环境地质问题为约束条件,并最大限度地发挥地下水资源潜力。遵循以调控浅层地下水合理水位为中心的资源开发利用总方针,依据浅层地下水开采资源潜力和开采现状等,主要分为强化开采、稳定开采、控制开采、补源开采和半咸水改造利用5个大区。     

江汉平原地下水化学特征及水流系统分析

江汉平原水质性缺水问题日益突出,识别江汉平原地下水流系统分布模式,对地下水资源的合理利用与保护具有重要意义.选取江汉平原典型区域,综合水文地质条件、水动力场及水化学同位素指标深入分析地下水补给过程、水岩作用及滞留时间.得出由于碳酸盐岩的溶解,研究区的地下水化学类型属于HCO3-Ca (Mg)型.地下水中典型离子随深度增加逐渐降低,同位素随深度增加逐渐偏负,表现出地下水流系统呈局部与区域水流系统的特点,系统深度界限在10~20m.独立而复杂的局部水流系统在平枯水期地下水向河渠地表水排泄.根据3H的含量,局部水流为现代水,水循环交替迅速.受地形控制,中深层地下水总体由西和西北向东和东南径流,汇入汉江和长江,为区域水流系统.由于补给源的高程效应,区域水流的18O值存在明显分区,指示不同的补给来源与水流路径.山前丘陵区基本为现代水,向平原腹地纵深至汉江和长江排泄区,地下水年龄在几百年至6000a不等,水循环交替缓慢.研究发现江汉平原低洼排泄区存在区域水流的顶托补给,可为原生劣质水的分布与聚集研究提供依据.     

四川盆地珍珠冲组植物群特点及侏罗系与三叠系界线的厘定

归纳总结了四川盆地珍珠冲组植物化石7类50属128种,须家河组植物化石10类71属267种,并将珍珠冲组植物群划分为上、下两个组合.通过分析两组植物群的发育特点及演化规律,结合区域有关资料,对侏罗系与三叠系界线进行了厘定.在四川盆地北部大巴山前缘地区,依据珍珠冲组(白田坝组)的岩性特征和所含植物化石特征,将侏罗系与三叠系的界线置于含Coniopteris植物化石的珍珠冲组(白田坝组)底部石英质砾岩或石英砂岩之下的假整合面或剥蚀面上;在四川盆地东北部的云阳、奉节及长江以南万县地区,侏罗系与三叠系的界线划在云阳南溪剖面上含Coniopteris murrayana植物化石8.3 m之下的珍珠冲组黄绿色泥质粉砂岩夹粉砂质泥岩地层之底.     

Numerical study of the seasonal salinity budget of the upper ocean in the Bay of Bengal in 2014

Impact factors on the salinity budget,especially the eddy salt fluxes and smaller-scale diffusive salt fluxes for the upper 50 m of the Bay of Bengal(BoB) in 2014 are investigated using a box model based on the Regional Ocean Modeling System(ROMS) daily outputs.The model results reproduce that the precipitation and river runoffs are the dominant factors modulating the sharp salinity decrease during the summer monsoon season.The analysis shows that the salinity increase after the summer monsoon is mostly due to the meridional advective and diffusive salt fluxes.The vertical advective salt flux,which is sensitive to the different signals of the wind stress curl,plays an important role in balancing the salinity change induced by the meridional advective salt flux during both the summer and winter monsoon seasons.Distinctive spatial mesosc ale structures are presented in the eddy salt flux throughout the year,and their contributions are sizeable(over 30% in the meridional direction and about 10%-30% in the vertical direction).The meridional eddy salt flux is larger in the monsoon seasons than that in the inter-monsoon seasons,and in a positive pattern near the western boundary during the winter monsoon and autumn inter-monsoon.The vertical eddy salt flux makes an important contribution to the salinity budget,especially along the coastal area and around the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.The vertical eddy salt flux becomes large when a tropical cyclone passes the area.     

分形异常筛选法在桐柏山-大别山地区钼矿调查中的应用

应用分形法对桐柏山-大别山地区进行了钼元素地球化学异常筛选与靶区预测,以期实现该地区的找矿新突破。研究
最终在桐柏-大别地区圈定出25个有利钼异常区及5个靶区,分别是枣扒靶区、吴山靶区、墨斗关靶区、两路口靶区、烈马咀靶
区。其中,重点对两路口靶区进行了勘查工作,并且在该地区新发现了小型钨矿体。综合说明,分形法对桐柏山-大别山地区的
异常筛选工作优于传统方法,本次研究的成果对桐柏山-大别山地区寻找钼、钨矿床具有较强的指导意义。      

Changes in the network of tourist trails in the border zones of the Czech Republic after entering the Schengen area

Among the factors influencing tourist trail network development are political issues, including the presence of state borders, the possibility of crossing them and the accessibility of border zones. In the article, it was decided to look at changes in the offer of tourist trails(hiking and cycling) along the entire border of the Czech Republic after the extension of the Schengen area(within this area, crossing the border is possible anywhere, and not only at official border crossings). It should be emphasized here that the borders of the Czech Republic over most of their length run through mountainous areas and, apart from political factors, natural features should have a major impact on the development of tourist routes. In order to determine the coherence of the current network of trails on both sides of the Czech Republic state border, modern tourist maps have been analyzed, determining the number of places where it is possible to cross the state border with the help of a marked tourist trail. Based on that, two indicators were introduced to determine the degree of openness with all neighboring countries as regards the opportunity to cross on a tourist trail. Changes in the historical situation, a comparison of the accessibility of the border area before entering the Schengen area and 2019, were analyzed for two study areas using archival maps. Over a decade after the extension of the Schengen area, the number of places where tourist trails of neighboring countries approach the border has clearly increased. Crossing is more often made possible using hiking trails than cycling routes(trails of the first type cross the border every 7.91 km, while the latter every 13.3 km), but considering the speed of movement, it can be assessed that the openness for cyclists is higher than for hikers. Moreover, in many places there is still significant potential for further integration of tourist trail networks as trails created in one country often do not have a continuation on the other side of the border.     

Characteristics of the transition Layer in the South China Sea in 1998

CTD data on standard levels coolected during July and December in 1998 and the cubic spline interpolating method were used to study the characteristics of the transition layer temperature and salinity.The thermocline undergoes remarkable seasonal variation in the South China Sea (SCS),and especially in the region of the north shelf where the thermocline disappears in december.The thermocline is stronger and thicker in July than in December,There is no obvious seasonal variation in the halocline.Due to the upper Ekman transport caused by monsoon over the SCS,the thermocline slopes upward in July and downward in december from east to west in the northern SCS.The characteristics of the thermocline and halocline are influenced by local eddies in the SCS.The Zhujiang diluted flow influences significantly the SCS shelf‘s halocline.     

Assessment of Habitat Suitability in the Upper Reaches of the Min River in China

Habitat richness influences and even determines biological diversity. Plant habitat suitability assessment can provide technical guidance and information support for ecological restoration. Thirteen factors in three categories of terrain, meteorology and soil were chosen to build a habitat suitability assessment index framework in the Upper Reaches of the Min River, based on the local natural environment and the actual influencing factors of vegetative growth. Combined with the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) and entropy method, which were used to calculate weights of indexes, habitat suitability was studied by using a multi-objective linear weighting model and geographic information systems(GIS) spatial analysis techniques. The assessment results are as follows: Altitude, soil stability, aspect and slope have more important effects on plant habitat suitability in the Upper Reaches of the Min River, and their weights are 0.311, 0.260, 0.198 and 0.125, respectively. Suitable and sub-suitable habitats cover 4431.80 km2 and 6171.12 km2, respectively; most of which are distributed along both sides of rivers and have higher suitability. Unsuitable habitats cover the largest area(6679.76 km2), accounting for 29.83% of the whole area; and the worst unsuitable habitats are 5107.23 km2(22.81%); they account for more than half of the studyarea. These results indicate that the plant habitat in the Upper Reaches of the Min River is poor and ecological restoration is both urgent and difficult. Therefore, based on the principle of taking measures suitable to the habitat in ecological restoration projects, ecological and engineering measures should be combined to have better effects, while increasing the strength of ecological protection.     

严格执法监督 大力推进国土资源管理依法行政

介绍了泰州市在推进国土资源管理走上法制化轨道的过程中采取的一系列措施.从健全规章制度,规范执法行为,实行责任追究制度,制约行政权力到严格考核奖惩,确保各项措施落到实处,便民服务,公开接受社会监督等,取得了明显的成效.     

瞬变电磁法在煤矿断层导水性勘查中的应用

煤矿断层导水是引起煤矿水害问题的主要因素之一,对煤矿断层的导水性勘查与评价是煤田水文地质研究中的重要课题,也是煤矿采区布置与安全开采必须解决的问题。在煤矿开采初期查明矿区内断层构造的空间分布及其含导水性,对指导煤矿安全生产具有重要的意义。在充分收集新安煤矿矿区地质、水文及物探资料的基础上,利用瞬变电磁技术,对区内断层等构造的含导水性进行了勘查,取得了良好的效果,为煤矿的开采设计和施工提供了参考依据,有效地预防了煤矿开采过程中安全事故的发生。     

鱼虾混养池中蓝藻群落结构及其微囊藻毒素含量变化

对广东省中山市三角镇的低盐度鱼虾混养池进行连续采样分析,结果表明,混养池中的蓝藻主要有螺旋藻(Spirulina sp.),鱼腥藻(Anabaena sp.),颤藻(Oscillatoria sp.)、铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)等,其中盐泽螺旋藻的优势度为0.52~0.73。蓝藻是水体中的优势微藻种群,蓝藻细胞数量占微藻细胞数量的88%~99%,蓝藻细胞数为0.99×10~9~5.89×l0~9 cell/L。混养池微藻多样性指数(H’)为1.16~2.49,养殖水体处于中度污染状态。溶解性无机氮的质量浓度为0.13~2.30 mg/L,正磷酸盐质量浓度为0.25~2.39 mg/L,化学需氧量的质量浓度为1.94~13.79 mg/L。微囊藻毒素(MC-LR)在水中质量浓度为0.18~0.79μg/L。蓝藻细胞数量与化学需氧量之间呈显著的正相关关系,表明蓝藻的生长情况与养殖池中的有机污染程度有密切联系,低盐度的富营养化的水体能促进蓝藻的生长,成为微藻群落中的优势种群。MC-LR的质量浓度与蓝藻细胞数量之间无显著相关。