铁碳微电解填料制备及其降解黄药研究

微电解是一种有效、廉价、绿色的工业废水预处理技术。本研究以铁、碳、粘结剂、造孔剂为原料优化设计制备出了微电解填料，并考察了其用于降解去除异丁基黄药的效果，重点研究了反应时间、填料用量和模拟废水初始pH值对微电解降解异丁基黄药的影响，并用GC-MS测定异丁基黄药降解后产物。结果表明，填料最佳制备条件为:m（Fe）/m（C）=1 GA6FA 1、粘结剂含量为20%、造孔剂含量为3%、煅烧温度为900 ℃、煅烧时间为2.5 h。微电解降解异丁基黄药最佳条件为:模拟废水初始pH=7、反应时间为90 min、填料用量为500 g/L，在此条件下溶液中异丁基黄药、COD、和TOC最终降解率分别为89.91%、79.91%、和35.87%。微电解降解异丁基黄药的最终产物是CO₂、H₂O和SO₄2-。微电解可以用于净化降解选矿废水残留药剂。      

复合材料BiVO4/ZnO光催化降解废水中的丁基黄药

针对选矿废水中残留的有毒有害丁基黄药,通过水热法制备出一种高效复合型光催化材料BiVO₄/ZnO。采用XRD、SEM和UV-Vis等对样品的结构、形貌和光学性质等进行了表征。在模拟太阳光照射下,考察了降解时间、BiVO₄与ZnO不同质量百分比的BiVO₄/ZnO和不同丁基黄药初始浓度等因素对光催化降解效果的影响。结果表明：①BiVO₄与ZnO按质量比25%复合的光催化材料BiVO₄/ZnO对丁基黄药模拟废水具有强降解效果;丁基黄药初始浓度越低、降解时间越长,丁基黄药的降解率越高;pH=7、初始浓度为50 mg/L的丁基黄药模拟废水50 mL,在复合光催化材料BiVO₄/ZnO用量为50 mg时的降解率为96.00%。②复合光催化材料BiVO₄/ZnO可循环用于丁基黄药的降解,丁基黄药的降解率几乎不受循环利用次数的影响。③复合光催化材料BiVO₄/ZnO对丁基黄药的降解行为符合一级反应动力学模型。     

微波活化过硫酸盐降解典型选矿药剂丁基黄药的研究

为解决传统选矿废水中有机选矿药剂污染的问题,采用微波活化过硫酸盐技术氧化降解丁基黄药,分别考察了微波功率、过硫酸钾浓度、丁基黄药浓度及pH等因素对丁基黄药降解效果影响。结果表明,在微波活化过硫酸盐体系中,提高微波辐射时间和功率,以及增加过硫酸盐用量可以提高丁基黄药的降解率；丁基黄药在酸性条件下比在碱性条件下降解效果好。废水中存在的主要阴离子HCO3-,Cl-和SiO32-对丁基黄药的降解影响较小,但腐殖酸的存在对丁基黄药的降解具有一定的抑制作用。反应90 min后,微波活化过硫酸盐体系中TOC的去除率可以达到47.74%。通过自由基捕获实验证明微波活化过硫酸盐体系中参与降解丁基黄药的主要活性自由基是·SO4-。     

氧化锌纳米线阵列光催化降解异丁基钠黄药

为探索高效降解选矿废水中残留的常用浮选药剂异丁基钠黄药,以锌片为基底,采用水热法制备了一种可循环利用的新型光催化降解材料——氧化锌纳米线阵列,通过XRD、SEM、TEM、PL和DRS等手段对所制备样品进行了晶相、形貌及光学性能表征,并研究了异丁基钠黄药初始浓度、模拟废水pH和光催化降解时间等对材料光催化活性的影响。结果表明:当异丁基钠黄药初始浓度为60 mg/L、模拟废水pH=7、氧化锌纳米线阵列(锌片规格为2cm×2 cm×0.8 mm)催化降解时间为60 min时,异丁基钠黄药的降解率为91.46%;氧化锌纳米线阵列循环利用10次仍保持良好的光催化活性。动力学研究表明,氧化锌纳米线阵列光催化降解异丁基黄药的行为符合一级反应动力学模型。     

磷灰石复合光催化剂降解异丁基黄药的实验研究

为研究磷灰石复合光催化剂光催化降解性能,选择球形羟基磷灰石(HAP)为基体材料与二氧化钛复合,制备磷灰石复合光催化剂处理异丁基黄药模拟废水,考察了p H值、光照时间、光照条件、初始质量浓度等条件对异丁基黄药催化降解效果。结果表明,初始质量浓度为50 mg/L,p H值为3.6且在紫外光下照射6 min,异丁基黄药降解率可达99.993%,残余质量浓度低于0.005 mg/L,达到国家地表水环境质量标准。     

磁性活性炭的制备及其对选矿废水中丁基黄药的去除研究

通过共沉淀法将Fe₃O₄负载在活性炭上, 制备磁性活性炭MAC, 解决了普通活性炭存在的分离回收困难问题。将其用于吸附选矿废水中的丁基黄药, 考察了吸附时间、吸附剂用量和pH值等因素对吸附性能的影响, 结果表明, 在pH=7、吸附时间3 h、丁基黄药浓度100 mg/L、MAC用量0.6 g/L条件下, MAC对丁基黄药的去除率达99.73%。MAC对丁基黄药的吸附满足二级动力学方程和Langmuir等温模型。通过磁力对MAC进行回收, 回收率达98%。5次重复使用后MAC对丁基黄药去除率仍有76.59%, 是一种经济环保的吸附剂。     

石墨烯-TiO2复合材料可见光催化降解乙黄药

以石墨烯-TiO2复合材料为光催化剂，可见光条件下催化氧化降解硫化矿选矿模拟废水中残余乙黄 药，分析了不同种类光催化材料、溶液 pH 值、光催化时间、乙黄药初始浓度等因素对催化氧化降解效果的影响，并 对光催化材料可重复利用性进行了评价。结果表明：在乙黄药初始浓度为 20 mg/L、初始 pH=6.8、复合材料用量为 0.3 g/L、反应时间为 120 min，氙灯模拟可见光的试验条件下，模拟废水中乙黄药降解率可达到 94.54%，制备的高性 能复合材料重复利用 4 次仍有较好的光催化活性。紫外光谱仪在 200～400 nm 波长范围内扫描对光催化氧化过程 进行了表征，结果表明：乙黄药光催化氧化降解过程中有过黄药产生，然后过黄药在光催化剂作用下将继续氧化成 其他物质。     

活性炭负载锆柱撑蒙脱石对丁基黄药的吸附性能

通过稀溶液法将聚合阳离子Zr~(4+)柱撑进入提纯钠基蒙脱石(Na-mt)层间合成锆柱撑蒙脱石(Zr-pmtn),再通过浸渍法制备活性炭负载锆柱撑蒙脱石(C/Zr-pmtn)。对C/Zr-pmtn进行的XRD分析表明:Zr-pmtn和活性炭以2∶1的质量比制备的C/Zr-pmtn具有较大的晶面间距。采用C/Zr-pmtn对丁基黄药进行吸附研究,结果表明:1向初始pH=3、浓度为20 mg/L的100 m L丁基黄药溶液中投加0.1 g的C/Zr-pmtn,20℃下吸附50 min,对丁基黄药的吸附量为19.38 mg/g,丁基黄药去除率达99.72%。2C/Zr-pmtn对丁基黄药的吸附符合二级动力学方程和Langmuir等温模型,C/Zr-pmtn对丁基黄药的最大吸附量达72.098 mg/g。可见,C/Zr-pmtn是选矿废水中丁基黄药的高效吸附剂。     

可见光光催化剂WO3降解丁黄药研究

用最佳热分解条件下制备的WO3粉体为丁黄药模拟废水降解的光催化剂(可见光波长≥420 nm),系统地研究了WO3用量、丁黄药初始浓度、溶液pH值和降解时间对降解效果的影响.研究结果表明,当丁黄药模拟废水初始浓度为40 mg/L、W03用量为1.0 g/L、pH =7、降解反应时间为5h时,丁黄药降解率为92%、COD去除率为84%;在诸影响因素中,以溶液的pH对丁黄药降解的影响最显著,在酸性介质下,丁黄药降解速度显著加快,上述降解反应的pH =4时,30 min即可达到90%的降解率.动力学研究表明,室温下WO3光催化降解丁黄药的行为符合一级反应动力学模型.丁黄药降解的紫外一可见吸收光谱研究表明,在丁黄药降解过程中仅生成了二硫化碳.     

可见光光催化剂WO3降解丁黄药研究

用最佳热分解条件下制备的WO₃粉体为丁黄药模拟废水降解的光催化剂（可见光波长≥420 nm）,系统地研究了WO₃用量、丁黄药初始浓度、溶液pH值和降解时间对降解效果的影响。研究结果表明,当丁黄药模拟废水初始浓度为40 mg/L、WO₃用量为1.0 g/L、pH=7、降解反应时间为5 h时,丁黄药降解率为92%、COD去除率为84%;在诸影响因素中,以溶液的pH对丁黄药降解的影响最显著,在酸性介质下,丁黄药降解速度显著加快,上述降解反应的pH=4时,30 min即可达到90%的降解率。动力学研究表明,室温下WO₃光催化降解丁黄药的行为符合一级反应动力学模型。丁黄药降解的紫外-可见吸收光谱研究表明,在丁黄药降解过程中仅生成了二硫化碳。     

Market and recycling of NiMH battery

<正>Market status and future trend of NiMH battery1.Global market of small NiMH battery Global market size of small NiMH batteries declined year on year since 2011.The trend will continue to 2018,at the rate of 5%to 10%annually.Demand for small NiMH batteries will be stable gradually.Many electrical apparatuses are powered by the built-in lithium battery today,which is the main reason for the shrunk market of small NiMH batteries.But,for some products,small NiMH     

China rare earth market review

正September 1-10,2014 Affected by the National Day holiday,rare earth transaction was stagnant and the market showed a weak steady state.As there was no good news for downstream market,some products with flat demand would likely rally slightly for some time to     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent material industry

<正>Rare earth luminescent material is one of the most important application sectors of rare earths.China enjoys the exceptional advantage to develop rare earth luminescent material for its abundant rare earth resources.After several decades'endeavor,China's rare earth luminescent material industry,headed by rare earth phosphor for lamp and LED and high efficient rare earth energy-saving light source,has been gradually developed into a scale industry.China has become a major production base of rare earth phosphor for lamps and rare earth     

China rare earth market review

正June 1~10,2014Rare earth market remained weak.Quoted price of rare earth products was similar to that in May.There was no sign of recovery in downstream market.The market of NdFeB magnetic materials and phosphor was depressed.Catalyst,polishing powder and ceramic industries remained inactive.Demand from downstream industry was soft.Consumers purchased on their needs.Suppliers had strong intention to sell.Prices of rare earth products     

2014 second batch of rare earth quota released

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China rare earth market review

正November 21~30,2014Due to weak demand from downstream industries,transactions of rare earth in Chinese domestic market were inactive.It was difficult to sell any rare earth products except for dysprosium oxide and terbium oxide.Suppliers lost confidence in recent market.Demand for rare earth products was soft.Consumers continued to take a wait-and-see attitude.Rare earth export market remained slow.     

Galaxy Magnets achieved the net profit of 34.02 million yuan in the first six months of 2014

正Galaxy Magnet announced its financial results for the first half of 2014 on August 14.For the first six months ended on 30 June 2014,Galaxy Magnet achieved operation income of RMB 182.3 million,up8.40% over the same period of 2013,and the net profit attributable to the shareholders of the listed company of 34.02 million yuan,increasing 35.49% over the same period of last year.Stable performance increase was led by development of new customers and application market of magnets.     

Rare Earth Application in Steel in China

<正>China has rich rare earth resources.Output of rare earth and steel in China ranks the top first in the world.However,there is still certain distance between the steel produced in China and developed countries from the point of varieties and quality.China still has to import some types of steel.Improving the quality should be emphasiZed in future development of steel industry in China.Rare earth can be used to upgrade traditional steel     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent materialindustry(continued)

<正>Developing ecological lighting source The world is facing the big problem of energy shortage today and the contradiction between economy development and environmental protection is worsened.Therefore,people are more likely to choose an ecological light source that is more energy efficient and environmental friendly.The choice provides great opportunity for the development of rare earth optical material industry in China.The concept of green lighting positions rare earth luminescent material as a leading player in illumination market.The light source of both rare earth luminescent lamp and LED lamp is ecological and energy saving.This is why     

稀散金属产业的观察与思考

分析了近年来国内外稀散金属产业的生产、应用、资源与市场状况.铟锡氧化物靶材、砷化镓晶片、锗红外材料、铼高温合金和硒在电解锰及玻璃的应用等已成为稀散金属的主要应用领域.稀散金属的产量快速增长达到历史高位而导致了市场的失衡.以GaInP_2/GaAs/Ge,CIGS和CdTe为代表的非硅系太阳能电池是稀散金属的新兴应用领域,将给稀散金属带来日益增长的需求.