运动区域提取和闪频分析并行的火焰检测算法

在火焰检测中对火焰运动区域提取和闪烁特征分析大都分开进行,本文在提取运动区域的同时分析该区域的闪频特性,即将火焰的运动特征和闪烁特征同时提取。首先基于Ohta颜色空间找出图像中具有火焰颜色的疑似区域,其次根据视频图像某个位置在一段时间内变化的程度和次数是否都达到一定程度提取具有闪烁特性的运动区域,最后根据具有火焰颜色的连通区域是否包含这种运动区域,且颜色区域与运动区域的面积比例是否达到一定比值,来判断该连通区域是否为火焰。实验结果表明该方法在提取运动区域的同时能排除不具火焰闪烁特征的前景,且能在运动区域提取不完整的情况下保持较高的火焰检测率和较低的误检率。     

基于HMM-SVM的图像型火焰识别

针对单一的隐马尔科夫模型在图像型火灾探测中误报率偏高的问题,提出了隐马尔科夫模型和支持向量机相结合的图像型火焰识别算法。对捕获到的图像进行运动区域检测和颜色分析,提取疑似火焰区域,利用隐马尔科夫模型计算疑似区域与火焰模型的相似度,并输入到训练好的支持向量机进行二次识别。实验结果表明,与传统单一隐马尔科夫模型相比,该方法可以有效地降低误报率,提高火焰识别准确性。     

基于神经网络与加权融合的火灾火焰识别研究

以室内环境为应用背景,结合火灾火焰的静态和动态特征,采用了一种神经网络与加权融合的火灾火焰识别算法,对室内火灾火焰进行实时快速判决。对视频图像进行可疑运动检测,再对颜色特征进行提取,在HIS颜色空间中建立新的颜色判据,然后获取圆形度和尖峰数;研究了火焰频闪特性,将这些特征信息作为神经网络的输入端,最终利用加权融合的算法,判定区域是否为火焰。     

基于目标跟踪与深度学习的视频火焰识别方法

近年来火灾事故频发,对生态环境,社会经济都造成了严重影响,视频监控系统在火灾预防和环境监控中都有非常重要的作用。针对传统的视频火焰检测方法需要手工提取火焰特征且识别率低、误检率高的缺点,提出了一种基于特征检测,多目标跟踪和深度学习的火焰检测算法。通过高斯混合模型运动检测方法对视频中的动态目标进行提取,再经过HSI与RGB结合的颜色模型进行筛选,得到疑似火焰目标,对提取的目标进行多目标跟踪算法跟踪,最终对稳定存在的目标通过CaffeNet模型进行判别,得到火焰判别结果。实验证明,本算法实现了对视频火焰的准确检测,能对火焰进行有效识别,对火焰视频数据集上的平均识别精度达到98.79%,并能适应实时检测火灾的需求。     

基于帧间动态和纹理特征的邮轮舱室火焰识别

火焰探测是火灾探测和监测系统中的一项重要任务。论文提出了船舶火灾探测中火焰的动态和纹理分析方法。火焰最初是根据多尺度颜色空间中的颜色强度分割的,称为候选火焰区域。从候选火焰区域中提取动态和纹理特征,通过混合纹理描述符获得混合纹理特征。结合动态特征,得到了动态混合纹理特征。最后,利用极值学习机分类器,根据提取的动态和纹理特征,将候选火焰区域划分为真实火焰或非火焰区域。结果表明,所提出的火灾探测技术有较好的识别率,可有效降低误检。     

基于模糊聚类的图像型火灾检测

提出一种基于模糊聚类的图像型火灾检测算法。建立火焰颜色模型,利用像素运动累积法获取疑似目标的闪烁频率,借助有监督模糊聚类法合并同一疑似火焰区域中的不连通部分,依据火焰的运动特征进行火灾判定。实验结果表明,该算法误报率较低,运行效率较高,适用于多种场景的火灾检测。     

基于特征融合的图像型火灾探测方法

针对传统火灾探测中灵敏度不高、响应慢的问题,提出一种基于特征融合的图像型火灾探测方法.结合火焰的颜色、运动以及闪烁特征,检测出疑似火灾区域中的火焰像素,排除非火焰像素,并用支持向量机对疑似火焰像素进行验证,采用形态学方法和区域融合判断出火灾区域.实验结果表明,该方法对多种火灾和非火灾场景具有较好的适应性、较强的抗干扰能...     

Multi-modal time-of-flight based fire detection

This paper proposes two novel time-of-flight based fire detection methods for indoor and outdoor fire detection. The indoor detector is based on the depth and amplitude image of a time-of-flight camera. Using this multi-modal information, flames can be detected very accurately by fast changing depth and amplitude disorder detection. In order to detect the fast changing depth, depth differences between consecutive frames are accumulated over time. Regions which have multiple pixels with a high accumulated depth difference are labeled as candidate flame regions. Simultaneously, the amplitude disorder is also investigated. Regions with high accumulative amplitude differences and high values in all detail images of the amplitude image its discrete wavelet transform, are also labeled as candidate flame regions. Finally, if one of the depth and amplitude candidate flame regions overlap, fire alarm is given. The outdoor detector, on the other hand, only differs from the indoor detector in one of its multi-modal inputs. As depth maps are unreliable in outdoor environments, the outdoor detector uses a visual flame detector instead of the fast changing depth detection. Experiments show that the proposed detectors have an average flame detection rate of 94% with no false positive detections.     

基于YCbCr颜色空间的火焰图像分割方法

视频火焰检测对消防安全具有重要的实际意义.火焰颜色信息在视频火灾检测中起着举足轻重的作用,众多学者提出了基于不同颜色空间的多种火焰颜色检测算法.针对目前视频火焰颜色检测算法检测率低、误检率高、适应性差等不足,提出基于颜色空间的火焰图像分割方法.通过研究火焰图像在颜色空间上的分布情况,分析火焰像素对应的Y,Cb和Cr分量...     

基于小波变换和支持向量机的火灾识别算法

为了提高火灾检测方法的环境适应能力,研究了一种基于小波变换和支持向量机的视频火灾识别算法。提出了火焰颜色概率模型对疑似火焰区域进行分割,经过小波变换分析疑似火焰区域高频子图能量信息,对其一维能量信息进行二次小波变换得能量变化趋势和闪烁频率。将提取火焰的能量变化趋势,闪烁频率和火焰面积变化率作为支持向量机的输入特征参数,实现了火灾识别。实验结果表明,该算法有较高的识别准确率,较强的环境适应能力。     

Early fire detection method in video for vessels

New generation vessels are equipped with fire detecting sensors; however, fire may not immediately be detected if it is far away from the sensors. The fire process therefore cannot be recorded. A video-based fire alarm system is developed to overcome the drawbacks of traditional fire detection equipment. This paper presents a video-based flame and smoke detection method for vessels. For flame detection, the dominant flame color lookup table (DFCLT) is created by using the fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm. The changed video frames are automatically selected and the changed regions deduced from these frames. An elementary, medium, or emergency flame alarm is then triggered by comparing the pixels of changed regions with the DFCLT. The changed video frames are automatically selected for smoke detection. The changed regions are deduced from these frames. If the shape of the changed region conforms to the characteristic which the top area is wider than the bottom area, a dangerous smoke alarm is sounded. The experimental results show that the proposed fire detection approach can detect dangerous flames and smoke, effectively and efficiently.     

Hybrid fire detection using hidden Markov model and luminance map

Recently, fire detection is a hot research topic. Although many detection methods have been proposed, there exist high false alarms because of the interference of fire-colored moving object in the complex environments. In this paper, a hybrid method is proposed. First, we get the set of candidate fire regions. Then these candidate fire regions are analyzed to exclude the fire-colored moving object. Our contributions are using the hidden Markov model (HMM) based on spatio-temporal feature and the variance of luminance map motivated by visual attention, and combining both for fire detection. The wrong detection can be reduced greatly. Experiment results show our proposed method has a good performance and it is robust to be used in complex environment compared with previous algorithms.     

结合感受野模块与并联RPN网络的火焰检测

目的 准确快速的火焰检测技术在早期火灾预警中具有重要的实际应用价值。为了降低伪火类物体引起的误警率以及早期小火焰的漏检率,本文设计了一种结合感受野(receptive field,RF)模块与并联区域建议网络(parallel region proposal network,PRPN)的卷积神经网络(receptive field and parallel region proposal convolutional neural network,R-PRPNet)用于火焰检测。方法 R-PRPNet主要由特征提取模块、并联区域建议网络和分类器3部分组成。特征提取模块在MobileNet卷积层的基础上,通过嵌入感受野RF模块扩大感受野捕获更丰富的上下文信息,从而提取更具鉴别性的火焰特征,降低伪火类物体引起的误警率;并联区域建议网络与特征提取模块后端的多尺度采样层连接,使用3×3和5×5的全卷积进一步拓宽多尺度锚点的感受野宽度,提升PRPN对不同尺度火焰的检测能力,解决火灾发生初期的小火焰漏检问题;分类器由softmax和smooth L1分别实现分类与回归。在R-PRPNet训练过程中,...     

强光干扰下的火焰前景提取技术研究

火焰前景提取是视频型火灾检测算法的重要步骤,也是后续火焰特征识别算法的基础。针对现有火焰前景提取算法在强光干扰下或在背景与火焰颜色相近时无法正确提取火焰前景的问题,提出一种新的火焰前景提取算法。首先通过计算瞬时运动区域和火焰颜色区域来确定初级疑似火焰区域;然后对初级疑似区域和非疑似区域制定不同的背景建模策略来得到运动前景;最后由运动区域和高亮区域得到最终的火焰前景。与4种已有的火焰前景提取算法的对比实验表明,该算法在复杂背景下的火焰前景提取准确率为96.2%,远高于现有算法;能适应不同类型的复杂背景,并且满足实时性要求。     

新型火焰颜色空间——IFCS

针对火焰识别颜色空间模型FCS带来的错判率高问题,基于混沌理论和[k]-medoids的粒子群算法,提出了一种改进的火焰识别颜色空间--IFCS。利用IFCS颜色空间进行火焰识别,可以在保证计算的简单快捷的同时,相对FCS更加突出火焰/非火焰像素颜色属性差异特性。采用混沌序列初始化粒子、自适应调整惯性权重、动态非线性调整学习因子、混沌搜索跳出局部最优等方法,得到了IFCS火焰识别颜色空间;进一步,在IFCS火焰颜色空间中通过经典Otsu阈值方法得到二值图像,建立了基于IFCS和Otsu的火焰识别算法--IOFR算法。实验结果表明：IOFR算法有效降低了当前基于FCS颜色空间火焰识别算法的火焰错判率。     

基于亮度与火焰区域边缘颜色分布的火焰检测*

为改善目前的火焰检测方法对环境适应能力不强的情况,提出一种基于亮度与火焰区域边缘颜色分布的火焰检测方法。主要采用二值重构、形态学算法以及边界追踪计算火焰区域边缘颜色分布矩阵,对得到的颜色分布矩阵进行主成分分析（PCA）,并用PCA中协方差特征值分量约束BP神经网络的输入向量,从而准确进行了火焰检测。实验结果表明,此算法计算简单,能准确识别多种背景下的火焰图像。     

Fire flame detection in video sequences using multi-stage pattern recognition techniques

In this paper, we propose an effective technique that is used to automatically detect fire in video images. The proposed algorithm is composed of four stages: (1) an adaptive Gaussian mixture model to detect moving regions, (2) a fuzzy c-means (FCM) algorithm to segment the candidate fire regions from these moving regions based on the color of fire, (3) special parameters extracted based on the tempo-spatial characteristics of fire regions, and (4) a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm using these special parameters to distinguish between fire and non-fire. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method outperforms other fire detection algorithms, providing high reliability and a low false alarm rate.     

基于运动筛选和3D卷积的视频早期烟雾检测

To solve the problem of high false alarm and high missed detection in the complex environment of early smoke detection based on video, a method based on motion extraction of suspected areas is proposed and a multi-scale 3D convolutional neural network with input of 6 frames（6M3DC） is designed for video smoke detection. Firstly, the motion regions are obtained through the background difference model after average filtering and the positions of the block in which the motion regions are located are calculated, and then the motion blocks are extracted by color judgment and mean HASH algorithm and the nonconforming blocks are updated to the background image. Finally, by combining the suspected blocks of the same region of 6 consecutive frames as the input for the 3D convolutional neural network for detection, blocks detected as smoke are marked and non-smoke blocks are updated to the background image. The experimental results show that the algorithm is adaptive to slow moving smoke and can detect smoke in complex environment.     

多特征融合的视频火焰检测算法研究

基于视频的火焰检测算法为解决传统感烟感温火焰检测方法受环境制约的问题提供了一条新的路径。通常的视频火焰检测算法主要利用火焰的颜色、形状、频域特征等信息来进行检测,计算较为复杂,往往不能达到实时性。文中结合火焰的颜色、运动特性以及频闪特性,提出一种简单高效的视频火焰检测方法。首先使用ViBe算法提取出视频中的运动区域作为火焰候选区域,以降低计算量,再通过火焰的颜色模型筛选出疑似火焰区域,最后根据火焰的频闪特性建立一个简单的频闪模型,进一步滤除与火焰颜色相似的非火焰运动区域。通过实验证明,该文提出的算法能够检测出不同环境下火焰的发生,且执行效果较高。     

融合空间约束和梯度结构信息的视频篡改检测算法

相邻帧间相似性原理的传统视频被动取证方法会对画面运动剧烈的视频发生大量误检测,针对这个问题,提出了一种融合空间约束和梯度结构信息的视频篡改检测方法。首先,利用空间约束准则,提取低运动区域和高纹理区域,并将两个区域进行融合,获取顽健的量化相关性丰富区域用于提取视频最优相似性特征;然后,改进原有特征的提取和描述方法,运用符合人类视觉系统特性的梯度结构相似性 GSSIM 来计算空间约束相关性值,最后,利用切比雪夫不等式对篡改点进行定位。实验证明,针对画面运动剧烈的视频,所提算法误检率更低,精确度更高。