FTP法测量矩形壳液耦合系统中的重力波

为了测量矩形弹性壳液耦合系统中的重力波的三维外形，实现大变形液体的非接触测量，使用激振器对矩形弹性壳液耦合系统在水平方向进行激振，得到大幅低频重力波、用幻灯机将光栅投影到重力波表面，光栅图像因为重力波的出现会发生变形、采用CCD摄像机和图像采集系统，分别采集到液体表面静止和出现重力波时的光栅图像，经过频域的滤波处理以后，计算得到重力波的三维形貌、结果表明，傅里叶变换莫尔法对实现大变形液体三维形貌的非接触测量非常有效，它提供了一种研究壳液耦合问题的新方法。     

水中纵向加肋圆柱壳体的自由振动

以浸没于水中的弹性加肋薄圆柱壳为研究对象，考虑介质与结构振动的耦合效应，研究耦合系统的自由振动特性．基于Kennard薄壳理论、Helmholtz方程以及壳壁外表面的运动协调条件，并借助Dirac—δ函数引进肋骨对壳体的作用力，从而建立耦合系统的运动方程．通过傅氏积分变换，进而得出系统的频率方程．采用沿实波数轴搜索求根的方法，重点分析了水下无限长纵向加肋薄圆柱壳的自由振动特性．结果表明：水中无限长纵向加肋圆柱壳体内存在三个自由传播波。     

弹性圆柱形储液罐地震反应的有限元分析

本文根据变分原理,利用有限单元法分析在水平地震运动作用下圆柱形弹性储液罐的动力反应。所设计的计算机程序能相当精确地计算固有频率、主振型和动力历程反应。例如:液面波高、各时刻的液动压力和罐壳位移。文中把液罐耦合振动系统考虑为液体和壳壁二者都振动。可以把液面无波动的液罐耦合振动系统及罐壳在刚性假设下,只有液面晃动引起压力振动的液晃动系统,考虑为一般液罐耦合振动系统的两个特例。从使用程序计算的数值算例中可看出:液罐耦合振动系统的固有频率明显地分为两个频区:高频区——包舍所有“壳振动”的固有频率,它近似等于上述第一种壳振动情况相应的固有频率;低频区——包含所有“液晃动”的固有频率,它近似等于上述第二种液晃动情况的相应固有频率。但是,关于动力历程反应,由液罐耦合系统所得的值,既不同于上述两种特例所得的值,也不同于这两种特例相应值的叠加。     

低频桨-轴-壳体耦合振动声辐射机理研究

为揭示低频桨-轴-壳体水下结构耦合振动声辐射机理,利用三维水弹性力学理论和三维水弹性声学分析软件,从螺旋桨、推进轴系以及壳体结构传递特性出发,分析了各结构低频段模态频率与桨-轴-壳体耦合结构响应频率之间的相关关系,由此提出了桨-轴-壳体结构纵向和横向耦合振动声辐射峰值对应的优势模态。研究表明:螺旋桨桨叶对桨-轴系统的振动影响比较大,尤其是螺旋桨的全桨叶同向伞型弯曲振动对桨-轴-壳体的纵向振动声辐射贡献明显;桨-轴-壳体耦合系统的纵向声辐射声源级曲线峰值主要对应于壳体一阶纵向振动、桨-轴系统一阶纵向振动、壳体二阶纵向振动和螺旋桨全桨叶同向伞型弯曲振动,横向振动声辐射声源级曲线峰值主要对应于壳体弯曲振动及桨-轴系统弯曲振动;低频段螺旋桨纵向单位力引起的声辐射明显大于横向力作用下的声辐射。     

流场中双层壳体结构振动特性研究

对水下由环形肋板连接的有限长双层柱壳在点激励下的稳态振动特性进行了研究．基于Ｆｌüｇｇｅ薄壳理论和弹性波理论,将环肋板等价为线力作用在内外壳体上,给出了双层壳耦合振动方程,比较了双层壳和单层壳表面振动速度级     

微重环境下平移圆柱贮箱液固耦合系统的动力响应研究

以一种新的方法建立了在微重力环境、横向激励下圆柱贮箱液固耦合系统的动力学方程．对耦合系统的液体子系统采用压力体积分形式的拉格朗日函数，并将速度势函数在自由液面处作波高函数的级数展开，从而导出自由液面运动学和动力学边界条件的非线性方程组，而对结构子系统则采用标准形式的拉格朗日函数（动能减去势能），用变分原理和拉格朗日方程建立耦合系统的动力学方程，最后用4阶Runge-Kutta法求解非线性方程组，得到了耦舍系统的幅频特性曲线．此方法大大减少了公式推导量，而且得到的是降阶的耦合方程组．计算发现：随着Bond数的减小，耦合系统的响应频率先增大后减小，而响应幅值逐渐增大．     

柔性贮箱内液体晃动的分析模型

研究了贮箱内液体晃动建模中贮箱的柔性与刚性、液体自由面的晃动与非晃动之间的差别．利用液体晃动特征模态和容器结构振动特征模态将液体晃动和弹性结构振动这2个相互耦合的微分方程边值问题进行离散，从而导出了液固耦合系统的动力学方程、相应的液固耦合系统固有频率方程以及液体晃动对容器和充液容器系统对基座的作用力主矢主矩的计算表达式．通过数值计算，比较了刚性贮箱和柔性贮箱之间在液体晃动频率和晃动作用力主矢主矩上的差异；液体引入表面波假设与不计表面波动的柔性壁贮液容器在结构振动频率和作用力主矢主矩上的差别．通过对柔性贮箱内液体晃动动力学模型的无量纲化，得到了确定该动力学模型的3个基本参数，数值研究了这3个基本参数对系统固有频率、系统响应力主矢主矩的影响．     

不同海浪谱激励下矩形液舱内液体晃荡试验研究

在振动台上试验研究了矩形液舱在宽频带Bretschneider谱与窄频带JONSWAP谱分别激励下的随机晃荡自由液面波特性及其对液舱内壁的冲击压力分布规律,并详细讨论了两种海浪谱作用下自由液面高程最大值及动态压力最大值随谱峰周期和有效波高的变化关系.研究发现相同有效波高、谱峰周期条件下,Bretschneider谱激励下的液体晃荡比JONSWAP谱激励下的液体晃荡更为剧烈.自由液面高程频域分析表明两种海浪谱作用下的自由液面波形状主要受液舱最低固有频率调制,晃荡波能量主要集中在液舱最低固有频率上,且液舱内各测点处的最大动态压力从液舱底部到自由液面处依次增大.     

环肋圆柱壳的自由振动特性

研究了环向肋骨沿壳体轴向任意布置、无横向偏转的环肋圆柱壳自由振动特性。基于Sander壳体理论,采用Rayleigh-Ritz能量法推导出环肋圆柱壳自由振动的固有频率特征方程。经过与各向同性圆柱壳的固有频率进行对比,验证了本文研究的有效性和正确性,计算了两端简支与一端固支一端自由等不同边界条件下壳体的固有频率,分析了加肋位置及边界条件对圆柱壳振动频率的影响。研究结果表明:加肋对圆柱壳的固有频率有显著提高,两端简支边界条件下的频率大于一端固支一端自由边界条件的频率;肋骨位置对于频率的影响明显,主要表现在壳体长度与半径比值较小、壳壁厚度与半径比值较大的情况下。     

充液圆柱壳中的振动能量流

研究一无限长弹性薄壁充液圆柱壳的自由振动特性，获得了在不同周向波数时充水圆柱壳的频散曲线，讨论了此耦合系统自由振动时的传播波所对应的振动能量流，得出了各内力所传播的能量流之间的相对值。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-