一种新颖的盲音频水印算法

提出一种新颖的音频水印算法.该算法对传统扩频水印算法进行改进,在检测端加入LPC白化技术,实现水印的盲检测.并且利用心理声学模型,通过频域整形、中频选取和时域整形等一系列技术,实现与原非盲扩频水印技术相当的鲁棒性和不可感知性.与同类的盲水印技术相比较,本算法大大提高水印的嵌入容量.     

数字水印的鲁棒性分析与研究

讨论了数字图像水印系统的基本框架，简要介绍了系统各个组成部分所完成的功能。详细阐述了数字水印鲁棒性的概念、影响鲁棒性的因素、实现鲁棒性的策略以及鲁棒性评估的描述方法，并说明了鲁棒性在水印系统中的重要地位。最后基于盲检测器水印模型提出了一种估计水印鲁棒性的算法，并给出了算法的描述。由于该算法与扩频技术具有相同的理论依据并且计算过程比较简单，因此在理论上是合理有效的。     

一种基于复合混沌序列的扩频水印算法*

提出了一种安全性高的DWT（discrete wavelet transform）域鲁棒性扩频水印算法。该算法用Arnold变换对水印置乱,而后基于复合混沌二值序列对水印图案信号进行加密和扩频,并给出了一种小波域中量化步长的自适应确定方法,通过奇偶量化的方法将二值水印比特批量嵌入到载体的频域系数中。复合混沌密钥的使用与小波域系数修改的隐蔽性,增强了水印算法的安全性,基于混沌序列扩频码的扩频水印技术增强了水印的鲁棒性,同时很好地兼顾了水印的不可见性,并且实现了水印信息的盲提取。     

基于混沌特性的小波数字水印技术及实现

本文讨论了利用混沌序列对图像信号加密和解密的方法,提出了基于混沌特性的小波数字水印技术,具体包括水印嵌入算法与实现步骤、水印提取原理与过程、算法参数分析等;设计了基于混沌特性的小波数字水印仿真系统并进行了相关实验.结果表明,本文提出的数字水印技术具有良好的隐藏性、稳定性和鲁棒性.水印检测时不需要原始载体和原始水印图像,是一种比较理想的变换域盲水印算法.     

基于正交水印的盲水印检测技术

提出一种稳健的盲水印检测技术.利用水印信号与主数据之间的正交性,水印检测时 不需要使用原始数据并且可以彻底消除主数据噪声的干扰,从而大大提高了水印检测器的稳健 性.无论是根据Neyman-Pearson准则还是最小错误概率准则,理论分析表明本文检测器在性能 上可以取得很大改善.利用对水印加权的分组技术,盲水印检测器在性能上逼近非盲水印检测 器.各种失真下的实验结果表明这种盲水印检测技术是有效的.     

抑制原始信号影响的数字音频水印算法

在扩频水印算法基础上,文中提出了一种在盲检测过程中抑制原始信号影响的数字音频水印算法.该方法的水印信息是通过听觉模型(HAS)掩蔽后嵌入到原始音频信号的小波变换系数中.文中在水印检测过程中,利用了离散小波变换(DWT)后相邻子带间系数的相似性来抑制原始音频信号对相关检测结果的影响.实验结果表明该算法很好地改进了水印的鲁棒性.     

基于DWT与DCT的扩频水印算法应用分析

变换域数字水印技术是当前的一个研究热点。本算法将水印信息与扩频序列进行扩频调制后,嵌入到载体图像的DWT与DCT中。最后利用扩频序列的自相关函数特征检测出水印信息,检测过程中不需要原始载体图像。实验结果表明,该算法嵌入水印后不易被察觉,检测出的水印效果好,对JPEG有损压缩、裁剪、噪声干扰等攻击有较强的鲁棒性。     

基于混沌序列和HVS的盲数字水印算法

提出一种针对彩色图像的基于混沌系统和人类视觉系统HVS(Human Visual System)的数字水印算法.通过该算法将二值水印经混沌系统加密后嵌入到彩色图像的蓝色分量B的小波系数中,在水印提取时根据密钥可以实现盲提取.实验结果表明,该算法对常用的图像处理如JPEG压缩、加噪、剪切和滤波等攻击具有较好的鲁棒性,取得了不可见性和鲁棒性的良好折中,同时盲检测使得水印检测的可靠性得到了很大的提高.     

一种基于DWT与DCT的扩频水印算法

变换域数字水印技术是当前的一个研究热点。本算法将水印信息与扩频序列进行扩频调制后,嵌入到载体图像的DWT与DCT中。最后利用扩频序列的自相关函数特征检测出水印信息,检测过程中不需要原始载体图像。实验结果表明,该算法嵌入水印后不易被察觉,检测出的水印效果好,对JPEG有损压缩、裁剪、噪声干扰等攻击有较强的鲁棒性。     

一种基于小波变换的扩频数字图像盲水印算法

提出了一种基于小波变换的自适应数字图像水印算法.该算法根据原始图像的特点对水印的嵌入位置及嵌入强度进行自动调节,同时对嵌入的水印信号采用扩频的方法加入水印系统中,增强了图像抗攻击能力,提高了水印安全性.实验结果表明该算法对JPEG压缩、随机噪声攻击、剪切及加噪等具有较高的鲁棒性.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.     

Editorial: Special issue on recent advances in hybrid control theory and applications

正The demands of a rapidly advancing technology for faster and more accurate controllers have always had a strong influence on the progress of automatic control theory.In recent years control problems have been arising with increasing frequency in widely different areas,which cannot be addressed using conventional control techniques.The principal reason for this is the fact that a highly competitive economy is forcing systems to operate in regimes where     

Information for Authors

正Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)areedited by the international board of distinguished Chinese andforeign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest devel-opments and achievements in scientific research in China andoverseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulateand promote academic exchange between Chinese and for-eign scientists everywhere.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.