离了镀TiN膜层的抗蚀性研究

本文对比研究了４５钢和１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ钢两种不同基本材料镀ＴｉＮ膜与未镀ＴｉＮ膜试样的抗盐水腐蚀性能，结果表明，在基材上沉积致密的ＴｉＮ膜层能十分有效地提高抗腐蚀性，并指出在膜层存在针孔时，将使抗腐蚀性降低，而用这种影响与基材有关。     

预渗氮对H13钢表面电弧离子镀TiN薄膜性能的影响

采用MIP-800C多功能离子渗镀设备,分别在H13钢表面及经表面渗氮后的H13钢表面渗镀TiN薄膜.对两种状态下渗镀的TiN薄膜层的形貌与相组成进行观察分析,并检测了其显微硬度及膜基结合力.结果表明, 经表面渗氮后的H13钢表面渗镀的TiN薄膜较光滑致密,少有大颗粒出现;其显微硬度比未经表面渗氮渗镀的略高(由1831 HV0.025提高到2107HV0.025), 而膜基结合力(78 N)约为后者(44 N)的两倍.预先对H13钢进行表面渗氮能显著提高渗镀的TiN薄膜与基体的结合力及其力学性能.     

基片偏压改变对镁合金 Ti / TiN 膜质量的影响

目的探讨基片偏压对镁合金Ti/TiN膜层质量的影响。方法利用多弧离子镀技术,在不同偏压条件下,对镁合金先镀Ti再镀TiN,通过SEM观察膜层形貌,通过划痕测定膜基结合性能,通过电化学工作站对比AZ31镁合金与不同偏压镀膜试样的耐蚀性。结果偏压为200V时,TiN膜层致密均匀且成膜速度快,膜层耐蚀性最好;偏压为200V时,基体结合最好且膜层较厚,有较好的耐蚀性。结论镀Ti膜时的偏压对随后镀TiN的质量有着显著的影响,以200V偏压的工艺镀TiN膜层质量最好,膜层致密,成膜速度快,耐蚀性优良。     

等离子辉光TiN复合渗镀层结构与性能的研究

利用等离子渗金属技术、尖端放电、空心阴极效应和反应气相沉积技术，在碳钢表面形成具有扩散层和沉积层的新型复合渗镀TiN沉积层＋TiN析出相＋Ti扩散层，并与等离子渗镀TiN，Ti层以及在碳钢基体表面直接用PVD法沉积TiN薄膜的表面形貌、结构、耐蚀性进行了检测和分析。结果表明：等离子渗镀的复合渗镀TiN／Ti层表面为均匀起伏的胞状物，Ti和N原子由表层呈梯度沿基体向内分布，属于冶金扩散层；用等离子渗金属技术等形成的复合渗镀TiN沉积层＋TiN析出相＋Ti扩散层，其表面形貌是为均匀、致密、细小的组织，平均硬度达到2500HV0．1左右，渗镀层厚度达十几微米，TiN层择优取向为（200）晶面；而PVD法直接沉积TiN薄膜厚度较薄，晶粒以不规则形式分布在基体上。在0．5mol／L H2SO4溶液中腐蚀性能表明，复合渗镀TiN沉积层＋TiN析出相＋Ti扩散层的耐蚀性较好。     

多弧离子镀TiN、TiAlN膜层性能的研究

采用多弧离子镀技术,在20CrMnSi钢基体上沉积了TiN、TiAlN膜层。使用球坑仪、显微硬度计、划痕仪、磨损实验机和盐雾箱对膜层的厚度、显微硬度、结合力、磨损性能和耐盐雾腐蚀性能进行检测。结果表明:随膜层厚度的增大,两种膜层的硬度和耐盐雾腐蚀性升高,结合力降低,耐磨性先升高后降低,且在膜层厚度为9μm时耐磨性最高。二者相比,TiAlN膜层优于TiN膜层。     

口腔修复材料离子镀表面改性的研究

利用多弧离子镀膜技术在口腔修复材料——钛合金(Ti6Al4V)表面制备TiN薄膜。分析表面镀膜组织结构,探讨钛合金基材及表面镀层的抗细菌粘附性能。结果表明,钛合金TiN膜层具有明显的(111)晶面择优取向;与处理前相比,TiN膜层可以显著减少变形链球菌在改性钛合金表面的粘附。     

镀TiN高速钢刀具耐磨和耐蚀性研究

本实验通过在高速钢剪具表面镀TiN膜,改善高速钢的耐磨和耐蚀性,提高高速钢的使用寿命。球盘磨损实验和磨损失重试验结果表明:镀膜后的高速钢剪具表面摩擦系数较镀膜前降低一半,未镀TiN高速钢磨损试验前后质量分别为4.8256 g和4.8245 g,磨损失重量为1.1 mg;而镀TiN高速钢磨损试验前后的质量分别为4.8838 g和4.8836 g,磨损失重量为0.2 mg,表明高速钢镀TiN后耐磨性得到很大的提高。3.5%NaCl水溶液中的电化学腐蚀结果显示,TiN膜的腐蚀速度为9.71×10-4mm/a,腐蚀电流为9.75×10-5mA/cm2;而基体的腐蚀速度为1.09×10-3mm/a,腐蚀电流为1.04×10-4mA/cm2,剪具镀TiN膜后抗腐蚀性能得到很大的改善。     

基体对氮化钛膜的微力学和摩擦性能的影响

采用等离子电弧沉积法分别在GT35和40CrNiMo钢上沉积厚约为0．5μm的TiN膜。为了检测成膜质量，在较宽的载荷范围内分别使用显微硬度、纳米压痕和纳米划痕技术表征钢基材和TiN／基材的微力学和摩擦性能。同TiN／40CrNiMo相比，TiN／GT35的硬度高和固体润滑效果显著，GT35是较为理想的基体材料。对这种亚微米厚的膜，纳米压痕技术和纳米划痕技术能提供丰富的近表面的弹塑性变形、断裂和摩擦等的信息。     

镁合金在镀液中的腐蚀行为

摘要：通过腐蚀实验和阳极极化曲线研究了硫酸镍主盐配制的化学镀镍液成分和温度对AZ91D镁合金的腐蚀行为的影响，比较了碱式碳酸镍主盐和硫酸镍主盐两种镀镍液的腐蚀性以及施镀后的镀层质量。结果表明：硫酸镍镀液的腐蚀性比碱式碳酸镍镀液大，在低温下，镁合金在硫酸镍镀液中表面的氟化镁膜不致密，镀液对基材的腐蚀性高；而在高温下，Mg^2 与F^-的反应性增强，氟化反应完全，形成的氟化镁钝化膜致密性高，可保护镁合金基体免遭镀液的腐蚀。在施镀温度下，镀液中F^-的缓蚀作用，可使SO4^2-离子对镁合金的腐蚀速率大大降低。     

《中国表面工程》2005年第4期主要文章摘要

装备维修技术的发展及表面工程技术的应用；类石墨碳膜的制备及其与类金刚石碳膜的区分；阴极电泳涂装用锌镍锰三元磷化液的研究；电刷镀Cu／Ni纳米多层膜镀液的研究；稀土镧对热浸渗铝钢耐H2S腐蚀性能的影响。     

Corrosion behaviour of as deposited and PMMA treated TiN coating systems deposited by cathodic arc technique

Abstract

Vapour deposited coatings usually contain microscopic defects, which can provide corrosive media with easy access to the substrate. Consequently, formation of galvanic cells between the coating and substrate can initiate localised corrosion at the defective sites. In this study, TiN coatings were deposited on mild steel (MS) and stainless steel (SS) substrates using a cathodic arc technique. A post-deposition treatment with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was applied to both TiN/MS and TiN/SS systems to block access of corrosion media to the substrates through the coating defects. The as deposited and PMMA treated coating systems were subjected to electrochemical tests in 3·5%NaCl solution. Potentiodynamic polarisation testing results indicated that the PMMA treatment led to a higher corrosion potential and a lower anodic current density for both TiN/MS and TiN/SS systems when compared with their as deposited counterparts. Extended exposure in 3·5%NaCl caused severe localised corrosion in the as deposited TiN/MS due to the presence of coating defects and poor corrosion resistance of the substrate. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopic measurements demonstrated that the PMMA post-deposition treatment significantly improved corrosion resistance of both TiN/MS and TiN/SS systems by effectively sealing the open voids or pores associated with the coating defects.     

304不锈钢表面TiN涂层的耐蚀性能

目的 提高304不锈钢的耐腐蚀性能.方法 采用磁控溅射技术在304不锈钢表面沉积TiN涂层,并采用SEM、XRD及GDOES对涂层的表面形貌、成分进行测试.通过极化曲线和电化学噪声技术评价TiN涂层和基体在pH=2.5的3.5%(质量分数)NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为,并研究涂层的失效机制.结果 在304不锈钢表面沉积了厚约1μm且均匀、致密的TiN涂层.极化曲线分析表明,基体和TiN涂层试样出现了自钝化和点蚀现象,其中304不锈钢基体的腐蚀电位为-0.41 V,腐蚀电流密度为8.01×10-6 A/cm2,与之相比,TiN涂层的腐蚀电位(-0.28V)明显增大,腐蚀电流密度(6.34×10-8 A/cm2)显著降低.电化学噪声分析显示,在浸泡初期,TiN涂层电极电流暂态峰数量较少,强度较大,噪声电阻较低,而随着浸泡时间的延长,其电流暂态峰数量增加,强度降低,噪声电阻明显大于304不锈钢基体.腐蚀形貌观察表明,304不锈钢和TiN涂层表面均出现了点蚀.结论 TiN涂层能够明显改善基体的耐蚀性能.TiN涂层主要起物理阻碍作用,涂层的主要失效形式是涂层表面的微观缺陷和破裂.     

电弧离子镀方法制备的Ti/TiN多层膜的结构与耐腐蚀性能

采用电弧离子镀技术,通过周期性变换环境气氛,在7075Al合金上制备了Ti/TiN多层膜,并研究调制周期对多层膜的结构组成和腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:多层膜与铝合金衬底界面结合较好,基本没有孔洞等缺陷。多层膜具有明显的层状特征,层间界面清晰。多层膜中TiN与单层中TiN薄膜有着相同的晶体结构,并存在(111)择优取向,每个调制周期内的TiN层都呈柱状生长。随着调制周期变小,多层膜阳极极化曲线的腐蚀电位增加,交流阻抗谱的阻抗值增大,容抗弧的半径也增大,即膜层的耐腐蚀性增加。多层膜调制周期的减小使得薄膜中含有的层界面增多,而贯穿至衬底表面的针孔等缺陷的数量将减少,这样,腐蚀性介质经过针孔等缺陷与衬底接触的机会变少,这将使薄膜的抗腐蚀能力得到改善。     

离子镀TiN膜层的阻扩散性

研究了用离子镀方法沉积 TiN 膜作为高温环境下耐热涂层和基体之间扩散壁障(中间阻挡层)的可行性。结果表明,有 TiN 中间层试样。其高温抗氧化性能明显提高,TiN 层在一定温度范围内有良好的稳定性和阻扩散性。阐述了以Al 为耐热涂层时,TiN 中间层阻挡 Al 原子扩散的机理。     

Characteristics and machining applications of Ti(Y)N coatings

The Ti(Y)N coatings were successfully deposited onto 18-8 stainless steel substrates by the hollow cathode discharge ion-plating method. The influence of the rare-earth element yttrium on the TiN coating properties was studied. The results show that the adhesion of the coating to the substrate were evidently enhanced by adding a small amount (0.2 wt.%) of the rare-earth element yttrium, showing a critical load of about 390 g which is much higher than that (230 g) of the TiN coating/substrate. Investigation on the corrosion resistance of the Ti(Y)N coating and the TiN coating was performed in 0.5 N Na₂SO₄ + 0.1 N H₂SO₄ + 0.1 N NaCl corrosion media by means of an electrochemical potentiodynamic polarization. The Ti(Y)N coating exhibited much better corrosion resistance than the TiN coating, whose passivity maintaining current is about one order in magnitude smaller than that of the TiN coating.The Ti(Y)N coatings deposited on some HSS-based tools were presented and compared with the TiN coating. The service lifetime of Ti(Y)N coated tools is approximately 36% higher (on the pinion shape cutters) and about 50% higher (on punch side pin) compared to that of TiN coated. The Ti(Y)N coatings showed such excellent performance. It is attributed to that the transition area of Ti(Y)N/substrate consisted of three sublayers which revealed a gradual change of phase structure and composition, so that the adhesion of the coating/substrate was evidently enhanced. Moreover, Ti(Y)N coating showed a preferred orientation with (111) plane which is favorable to improve wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the coating.     

TiN, TiN gradient and Ti/TiN multi-layer protective coatings on Uranium

Single-layer TiN, gradient TiN and multi-layer Ti/TiN coating were deposited on silicon and uranium substrates by means of arc ion plating technique. The main phase in the single-layer TiN coating was TiN with a (111) preferred orientation. Ti and TiN were observed in the TiN gradient coating and Ti/TiN multi-layer coatings. The single-layer TiN coating has demonstrated the best wear resistance among the three coatings. Compared with the bare U substrate, the corrosion potential E_corr of the multi-layer Ti/TiN coatings is increased by 580 mV, and the corrosion current density I_corr is decreased at least by two orders of magnitude. The multi-layer Ti/TiN coatings possessed the highest corrosion resistance among the three coating in a 0.5 μg/g Cl⁻ solution.     

Wear, erosion and corrosion resistance of CrTiAlN coating deposited by magnetron sputtering

A nanolayered CrTiAlN coating, which was deposited on Ti6Al4V substrate using unbalanced magnetron sputtering technique, was tested to evaluate its performances against wear, erosion and corrosion. The coating, with a higher hardness compared to CrN, demonstrates significantly higher dry sliding wear resistance than CrN and TiN coatings. Different from the brittle TiN coating, the CrTiAlN coating has a maximum erosion rate at an impingement angle of 45° and shows better erosion resistance than TiN coating at 90°. The CrTiAlN coated Ti6Al4V, when tested in 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution, shows a markedly more noble corrosion potential in comparison with the uncoated Ti6Al4V substrate. Furthermore, it demonstrates a wide passive region with a low current density. All these properties make the CrTiAlN coating a good candidate for a variety of industrial applications.     

Effect of TiN/Ti composite coating and shot peening on fretting fatigue behavior of TC17 alloy at 350 °C

A TiN/Ti composite coating has been prepared on a TC17 titanium alloy substrate by an ion-assisted arc deposition (IAAD) technique with a view to improving the fretting fatigue resistance of the titanium alloy at 350 °C. The composition distribution, bonding strength, micro-hardness, ductility, tribological properties, and fretting fatigue resistance at elevated temperature of the coating have been investigated. The results indicate that the IAAD technique can be used to prepare a TiN/Ti composite coating with high hardness, good ductility, excellent bonding strength, and high load-bearing capability. The TiN/Ti composite coatings can improve the resistance to wear and fretting fatigue of the Ti alloy, as manifested in its excellent tribological behavior at 350 °C. However, the fretting fatigue resistance of the titanium alloy treated by shot peening (SP) combined with IAAD TiN/Ti coating post-treatment was lower than that by IAAD TiN/Ti coating or SP alone, because the compressive residual stress induced by SP was significantly relaxed during coating process and the coating easily cracked and broke off.     

钛合金表面百微米级Ti/TiN多层复合涂层性能研究

目的提高TiN硬质涂层的厚度及各项力学性能。方法采用等离子增强PVD技术在钛合金(TC4)基体表面制备多层复合Ti/TiN涂层,对涂层进行扫描电镜(SEM)分析,采用划痕法表征涂层的结合强度,用维氏显微硬度计测试涂层的显微硬度,利用销盘式摩擦磨损试验仪评价涂层的摩擦磨损性能。结果制备的多层复合Ti/TiN涂层厚度最高可达100μm,且未发生剥落等失效,结合强度相对于单层TiN提高了近3倍。由于Ti、TiN的多层复合调制作用,制备的Ti/TiN显微硬度测试表明复合涂层的显微硬度高达2700 HV0.025,同时,涂层在原有耐磨性能优良的基础上具备自润滑减摩作用,经过近20 000 m的磨损测试,复合涂层的摩擦系数低至0.25左右,且未完全失效。结论多层复合结构能够有效提高TiN硬质涂层的厚度,制备的Ti/TiN多层复合涂层的各项力学性能显著提高。     

电刷镀Ni-W过渡层与离子镀TiN复合涂层的结合力和磨损特性

研究了3Cr2W8V基体电刷镀Ni-W过渡层和离子镀TiN复合涂层的结合力及强化机理.利用XRD、SEM和TEM分析了涂层结构,用划痕法测定了涂层结合力,并测定和分析了涂层的磨损特性.结果表明由于TiN沉积过程中的温度效应,混合晶态的电刷镀Ni-W层发生晶化和析出强化,并形成界面扩散层和双层复合,从而使TiN复合涂层的结合力和硬度明显提高;Ni-W过渡层对TiN涂层起有力的支撑作用.Ni-W与TiN复合涂层的耐磨性优于TiN单层.