基于Rabin算法的可扩展RFID双向认证协议

针对现有的无线射频识别（RFID）安全认证协议存在安全缺陷、标签成本较高以及后台数据库需要进行大量的计算来搜索匹配符合要求的标签信息来进行认证等问题,提出了一种基于Rabin算法和交叉位运算的可扩展RFID双向认证协议。并基于BAN逻辑形式化分析方法,证明了该协议的正确性与安全性。安全分析和性能评估表明该协议不仅具有防假冒、防重放、防跟踪、可扩展性等特点,而且减少了标签的计算花费和门电路数,使得其成本大大降低,适用于低成本的RFID系统。     

一种基于逆hash链的RFID安全协议

为解决低成本无线射频识别RFID标签和标签读写器之间通信的安全性问题,提出了一种基于逆hash链的RFID安全协议,并对其性能和安全性能进行了分析,说明该安全协议仅需要很少的计算资源和电力供应,并具有较高的安全性.     

基于PUF的RFID协议分析与改进?

对一个基于PUF构造的低成本RFID安全协议进行分析,发现该协议不能保护标签的隐私性,即任何一个攻击者通过重放协议消息就可以跟踪同一个标签。并且由于识别标签的时间复杂度和通信复杂度都与标签个数呈线性关系,因此协议不具有扩展性。为此,提出一个改进的RFID协议,使得协议在效率和安全性两方面得到改善。     

基于混沌加密的可同步更新RFID双向认证协议

针对日益突出的RFID系统安全隐私问题,提出了一个基于混沌序列的RFID双向认证协议。利用混沌对初始值的敏感性生成混沌序列,对密钥进行加密。该协议引入标签密钥动态更新机制,并设计了自同步解决方案,实现了对标签的二次认证。采用BAN逻辑对其安全性进行证明,并与已有的协议进行安全性分析和性能比较。其分析结果表明,该协议降低了标签成本,减少了标签和后端数据库的计算量,提高了后端数据库的检索效率。不仅有效地解决了RFID系统的隐私保护及安全问题,同时也提高了RFID协议认证的执行效率,更适合低成本的RF1D系统。     

基于随机数同步更新的RFID安全协议

针对无线射频识别(RFID)应用的安全问题,提出一种基于随机数同步更新的RFID安全协议。利用RFID后端系统生成的随机数实现标签认证,每次认证完成后对标签和随机数做同步更新。从理论上分析协议的执行性能和安全性,并利用BAN逻辑对协议的安全性进行形式化证明。结果表明,该协议能够实现标签和阅读器之间的相互认证,同时可抵抗重放、位置跟踪、流量分析、伪装、拒绝服务、非法读取等攻击。在实现上该协议仅使用哈希和异或运算,降低了标签的计算复杂性,适合低成本标签应用。     

基于动态ID带搜索密钥的RFID认证协议

针对射频识别（RFID）认证协议安全性较差的问题,设计一个基于动态ID带搜索密钥的RFID认证协议。标签利用单向hash函数的部分输出更新搜索密钥和ID。分析表明,该协议能够有效地实现标签与阅读器之间的相互认证,同时能够抵抗包含前向安全、后向安全、位置跟踪在内的多种攻击,而且硬件需求不高,适合低成本标签使用。     

基于hash运算的RFID认证协议分析和改进*

针对已有基于hash运算的RFID认证协议所面临的安全问题,提出了一种新的适合低成本RFID的双向认证协议,并与已有的协议进行安全性分析和性能比较。结果表明该协议仅使用hash函数和异或操作,就达到机密性、完整性和防追踪性的安全目标,并运用时间戳作为标签查询标志,提高认证过程的执行性能。因此该协议与先前工作相比,更适合低成本的RFID系统。     

基于云的轻量级RFID群组标签认证协议

射频识别技术(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)作为物联网中标识物品的关键技术,其因低成本、易携带等优势而得到了广泛的应用。基于云存储的RFID技术相较于传统RFID技术更具有应用市场,但其安全隐私问题也更为严重。另外,现有的很多群组标签认证协议不仅不符合轻量级要求,还具有密钥失同步的问题。文中提出一种基于云的轻量级RFID群组标签认证协议。该协议基于Hash函数而设计,它不仅解决了上述安全隐患,还能在群组认证过程中筛除无效标签和假冒标签。最后,利用BAN逻辑对该协议进行了分析。安全目标分析表明,该协议可以抗多重DOS攻击以及其他基本攻击,并满足前向安全性。     

一种实用的轻量级RFID安全协议研究

RFID的安全问题是RFID应用中的关键问题之一.RFID标签计算资源有限,因此旨在研究一种轻量级且具有一定安全性的RFID安全协议,使得标签端的协议不包含复杂的加密操作,只包含异或和简单逻辑控制.证明了"RFID标签最小限度密码算法"存在弱点,并针对该弱点提出了信道加密等3点改进方法,改进后攻击者不能直接计算密码而需强力攻击.实验结果表明,改进后,破解所需时间和所需记录数都增加,且破解难度随着信道密码长度的增加呈指数增加而加密复杂度呈线性增加.另外改进后对硬件需求的增加不多.该协议有助于在低成本RFID标签上实现较高安全性的RFID安全协议.     

基于交叉位运算的超轻量级RFID认证协议

针对射频识别系统存在的安全隐患、标签成本较高等问题,提出了一种基于交叉位运算的超轻量级RFID认证协议(CURAP),并基于BAN逻辑形式化分析方法,证明了该协议的正确性与安全性。CURAP定义了交叉位运算,包含异或及左循环移位运算,且协议运行中,数据更新运算只在读写器中进行,而标签从传输消息中进行简单的异或运算提取即可。安全分析与性能评估表明,CURAP不但具有较强的双向认证性,能够抵抗多种攻击,而且可以有效降低标签的计算需求、存储空间,适用于低成本的RFID系统。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。