基于伽利略系统的二进制偏移载波调制技术

论文针对伽利略卫星导航信号相对于传统卫星导航信号的不同,论述了该系统中采用的BOC调制技术和BOC调制信号的一些基本特性,提出应采用余弦副载波类型的BOC信号,并在此基础上对BOC信号的多径误差进行仿真验证。仿真结果表明,余弦副载波类型的BOC（1,1）和BOC（1.5,1）的抗多径能力要优于相同参数的正弦副载波类型BOC信号。     

克服AltBOC信号复杂多峰的同步接收算法

为应对高质量通信需求,出现了交替二进制偏移载波(Alt BOC)调制机制,然而Alt BOC信号具有的相关复杂多峰特性,引发了信号同步接收中主峰估计困难的问题。为此,针对Alt BOC信号特性,构造本地同向及正交相关函数,进而通过相关函数的超前及滞后处理,建立辅助相关重构(ACR)算法,以达到恢复主峰,克服副峰影响的目的。仿真结果表明,该算法可以恢复相关函数的主峰,验证了ACR算法能适应更低的信噪比要求,主峰检测能力及对副峰的克服能力明显优于BPSK-like,SCPC,Filtered算法。     

混合二进制偏移载波调制技术

针对即将在全球卫星导航定位系统GPS的L1民用信号和伽利略卫星导航定位系统的L1开放服务信号中使用的BOC调制技术的优化问题,对MBOC调制技术的基本概念作了重点介绍.并在此基础上用仿真方法验证MBOC(6,1,1/11)信号的多径误差和Gabor带宽,给出仿真结果,同时与BOC信号作比较.仿真结果表明:在采用正弦副载波时,MBOC(6,1,1/11)信号的抗多径性能相对于BOC(1,1)信号和BOC(2,2)信号有明显改善;但在采用余弦副载波时,MBOC(6,1,1/11)信号的抗多径性能相对于BOC(2,2)信号没有明显改善,并且BOC(2,2)信号在Gabor带宽方面还要优于MBOC(6,1,1/11),而BOC信号接收机结构的实现却更加容易.因此,余弦副载波类型的BOC(2,2)相对于MBOC(6,1,1/11)更有优势.     

GNSS中BOC信号DLL新型相关器算法性能分析

本文介绍了BOC信号的基本结构,仿真了GPS和Galileo信号中采用的两种BOC信号的自相关函数以及鉴别器曲线。根据它们鉴别器曲线多个过零点的问题,用2N相关器法进行了分析和仿真。     

基于压缩信号处理的BOC信号解调

为了降低二进制偏移载波调制(BOC)信号的采样频率,提出一种基于压缩信号处理的BOC信号解调方案。采用该方法可以降低A/D的采样速率和系统功耗,并且硬件结构比其他方案更加简单。仿真实验表明,压缩感知可以成功地应用在BOC信号接收机中。受噪声折叠的影响,压缩信号处理BOC接收机的性能要比传统接收机略低,其优势在于降低实现的复杂度。考虑信号的量化,噪声折叠对接收机的性能影响要小得多。     

基于组合相关函数的CosBOC(10,5)信号无模糊跟踪方法

二进制偏移载波（BOC）调制信号是一种设计精妙的新型卫星导航信号,充分挖掘其性能的前提是解决好其跟踪模糊问题。余弦相位二进制偏移载波（CosBOC）信号的自相关函数相对更复杂且难以简洁统一地表示,其跟踪模糊问题的研究也相对薄弱,为此,以应用于伽利略系统的E6频段上的CosBOC（10,5）信号为研究对象,提出了一种基于组合相关函数的无模糊跟踪方法。该方法首先设计了由数目尽量少的本地复现信号及其移位加权来线性组合构成的本地参考信号;然后通过码跟踪环路该参考信号与接收信号相关后得到无副峰的相关函数,从而消除码鉴别器的跟踪模糊;最后分析了该方法的码跟踪误差。实验结果表明,该方法与类二进制相移键控法（BPSK Like）、峰跳法（Bump Jump）和伪相关函数法（PCF）相比,跟踪环路结构简单,完全抑制了跟踪模糊且整体上具有较好的码跟踪性能。     

基于相关函数的二进制偏移载波调制信号无模糊捕获模型

针对二进制偏移载波(BOC)调制信号捕获模糊问题,提出了一种基于本地BOC信号分解-合成的算法。首先,将副载波按照本地BOC信号的阶数n进行分解;其次,把分解得到的函数分别与伪随机码相乘,得到2n个 BOC信号子函数,再分别与接收BOC信号作互相关得到2n个互相关函数;最后,将上一步得到的2n个互相关函数按照分解-合成算法进一步处理。理论分析和仿真结果表明,与OQCC算法相比,在捕获BOC(1,1)和BOC(2,1)信号时,该分解-合成算法的主副峰分离度(ASDMSP)有21.51 dB和3.4 dB的提高。实验结果表明,该分解-合成算法能够有效解决BOC信号捕获模糊问题。     

基于DDS的BOC（m，n）信号发生器及其FPGA实现

介绍了BOC调制的特点扣BOC(m,n)信号的产生方式;阐述了直接数字频率合成技术(DDS)原理,并将其应用在BOC(m,n)信号的产生过程当中;在此基础上,以BOC(1,1)信号为例,提出了该信号的一种产生方式,并以FPGA作为开发平台对其进行了实现.实验结果验证了本文方法的可行性.     

基于ACF时移组合的卫星BOC调制信号无模糊捕获方法

二进制偏移载波(BOC)调制作为一种新型信号调制方式被广泛应用于全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)中,然而,BOC调制信号自相关函数(ACF)的固有多副峰特征使得当利用传统捕获方法时可能会发生捕获模糊问题,导致接收机最终给出错误的定位结果.对此,提出基于ACF时移组合的BOC调制信号无模糊捕获方法,并给出相应的捕获电路实现结构.所提出方法利用BOC调制信号ACF的分段线性及自相关值在一个码片宽度外为0的特性,将BOC调制信号的ACF分别左右时移,再将两时移的结果与BOC调制信号ACF相乘可以得到新的合成相关函数.同时为了提高主峰能量,将合成相关函数除以一个归一化系数,最终得到适用于所有调制阶数的无模糊相关函数.仿真实验结果表明,在具有一定检测性能衰减的情况下,所提出算法能够在保留单一窄主峰的同时消去所有不期望的副峰,从而实现BOC调制信号的无模糊捕获.     

伽利略计划在中国

伽利略 ( GALILEO)系统是欧洲自主的、独立的全球多模式卫星定位导航系统 ,提供高精度、高可靠性的定位服务 ,同时它实现完全非军方控制、管理。伽利略系统由空间段、地面段、用户三部分组成 .空间段是由分布在三个轨道上的 30颗中等高度轨道卫星 ( MEO)构成 ,每个轨道面上有 1 0颗卫星 ,9颗正常工作 ,1颗运行备用 ;轨道面倾角 5 6°。地面段包括全球地面控制段、全球地面任务段、全球域网、导航管理中心、地面支持设施、地面管理机构。用户端主要就是用户接收机及其等同产品 ,伽利略系统考虑将与 GPS、GLONASS的导航信号一起组成复…     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.