用柱后衍生荧光测定法检测食品中土霉素和四环素残留

应用高效液相色谱(HPLC)对动物性食品中土霉素(OTC)和四环素(TC)进行测定，样品经含乙二胺四乙酸二钠的丁二酸钠缓冲液除蛋白后，由SPE-C18小柱提纯净化，经ODS-C18柱分离后，用8％氧氯化锆溶液柱后衍生，与锆离子的螯合物在激发波长(Ex)：406nm和发射波长(Em)：515nm处检测。实验优化了锆试剂的浓度和柱后衍生的条件，提高了栓出的灵敏度，土霉素和四环素的回收率分别为89．59％和92．59％，变异系数(CV)分别为4．98％和6．74％。土霉素和四环素的最低栓出浓度(信噪比5：1)分别为3μg/L和5μg/L，线性范围为0．01～10μg/L，土霉素和四环素的相关系数分别为0．9999和1．0000。     

SPE-HPLC测定土霉素菌渣中土霉素的残留效价

使用固相萃取-高效液相色谱法检测土霉素菌渣中土霉素的残留效价,样品用甲醇/冰乙酸/0.5mol/L Na Cl(V/V/V=5/4/2)提取,经Waters Sep-Pak C18固相萃取柱净化,用高效液相色谱仪进行检测.色谱柱为C18柱,流动相为乙腈:0.02 mol/L磷酸二氢钠缓冲溶液(p H=2.5,1 L溶液含0.48g Na2EDTA)25∶75(V∶V),检测波长为354 nm,流速为1.0 m L/min,进样量为10μL,柱温为30°C.结果表明,土霉素的方法检出限为0.032 mg/L,在不同加标量(1、2、5 mg/kg)下,回收率可达89.2%~97.4%,相对标准偏差为1.6%~2.4%(n=6),标准曲线的线性关系良好.该方法操作方便,灵敏度高且检测成本较低,可广泛用于土霉素菌渣的检测,并且为土霉素菌渣资源化提供基础数据.     

高效液相色谱法检测蜂蜜中残留的抗生素

采用高效液相色谱、紫外检测器、C18,10μm,300mm×4.6mm色谱柱,波长348nm,CH3CN:0.05mol/LH3PO4(V:V)=60:40流动相,对蜂蜜中的残留四环素、土霉素和金霉素进行了检测。方法检出限分别为: 四环素、土霉素为0.03mg/L,金霉素为0,06mg/L。结果令人满意。     

柱后碘衍生—高效液相色谱法测定脂必妥片中黄曲霉毒素B1的含量

为建立测定脂必妥片中黄曲霉毒素B1含量的高效液相分析法,样品经80%甲醇溶液超声提取后,通过免疫亲合柱净化、柱后碘衍生化,以荧光检测器检测,采用Waters Sunfire C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);甲醇—乙腈—水(40∶18∶42)为流动相;流速,0.8 m L/min;柱温,25℃;衍生溶液为0.05%的碘溶液,衍生化泵流速,0.3 m L/min,衍生化温度70℃;激发波长λex=360 nm,发射波长λem=450 nm.结果显示,黄曲霉毒素B1在0.0008~0.0040 ng(r=0.9999)范围内呈良好的线性关系;回收率为97.13%(RSD=0.73%),检出限为0.5μg/kg.本方法简便,结果准确可靠,适于测定脂必妥片中黄曲霉毒素B1的含量.     

柱前衍生高效液相色谱法测定红牛维生素功能饮料中牛磺酸含量

用邻苯二甲醛(OPA)柱前衍生高效液相色谱法,运用C18色谱柱为固定相,甲醇 0.05mol/L NaAc溶液(45 55)为流动相,检测波长330nm,测定红牛维生素功能饮料的牛磺酸.结果衍生化反应迅速,分离效果好,在10～50μg/ml的浓度范围内,牛磺酸色谱峰面积与浓度之间的线性相关系数为0.9999,加标回收率为97.48%～101.0%,RSD为2.5%.     

高效液相色谱法测定淡水鱼中抗生素残留量

抗生素富集于鱼体内,通过食物链对人类健康构成危害。通过对高效液相色谱仪的检测波长、流动相及流速、提取方法等几方面的优化,使用Spherisorb C18柱,以V(乙腈)∶V(磷酸二氢钠)(EDTA的浓度为0.001 mol/L)=28∶72作为流动相,在355 nm的检测波长下,成功地进行了人工饲养淡水鱼体内的四环素、金霉素、土霉素等残留物的定量检测,平均回收率约为98.0%,平均相对标准偏差约为4.63%。     

高效液相色谱法测定联苯甲酸异构体的含量

建立了3位和4位联苯甲酸同分异构体混合物的高效液相色谱法(HPLC)含量测定.色谱柱为Symmetry C18,检测波长254 nm,流动相为甲醇-磷酸二氢钾(1.2 mol/L),流速1 mL/min.3-联苯甲酸的线性范围是48～720 mg/L,4-联苯甲酸线性范围是21～685 mg/L;最低检出质量浓度均为0.01 mg/L,相关系数分别为0.999 2和0.999 8;平均回收率分别是99.4 %和98.8 %(n=6),RSD分别为0.87 %和0.93 %.     

HPLC法同时测定饲料添加剂中的双乙酸钠、丙酸钙、山梨酸钾和苯甲酸钠

建立了同时测定饲料添加剂中的双乙酸钠、丙酸钙、山梨酸钾和苯甲酸钠4种防腐剂的HPLC方法.使用Hypersil ODS C18反相色谱柱(5μm;250×4.6 mm),0.02 mol/L KH2PO4-甲醇(65∶35,V/V)为流动相,标准和样品的p H值为2.5,流速为1.0 m L/min,检测波长为214 nm.柱温为25℃.结果表明:双乙酸钠在30~1 000μg/m L浓度范围内峰面积与浓度线性关系良好,平均回收率为91.8%;丙酸钙在50~2 000μg/m L浓度范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为87.5%;苯甲酸钠在3~300μg/m L浓度范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为92.3%;山梨酸钾在4~400μg/m L浓度范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为83.4%.双乙酸钠、丙酸钙、苯丙酸钠和山梨酸钾的检出限分别为6.3μg/m L,11.8μg/m L,0.1μg/m L和0.2μg/m L.     

高效液相色谱法测定冰茶栓中的咖啡因

本文叙述了应用HPLC法对戒毒新药冰茶栓中咖啡因含量的测定方法,样品经11的乙醚-石油醚溶化,用11的甲醇水溶液提取,用20mmol/l醋酸铵缓冲液和甲醇(8020)作为流动相,经ODS-C18柱分离,紫外270nm检测,加标平均回收率为98.22%,相对标准偏差(CV)日内为0.30%,日间为0.97%,最低检出浓度为25μg/L,最低定量浓度为100μg/L,线性范围为10～250 μg/mL,相关系数为0.999 9.     

高效液相色谱法同时测定海产品中四种抗生素的分析方法

建立了同时检测海产品中土霉素、四环素、金霉素、氯霉素残留的高效液相色谱分析方法，以醋酸铵-醋酸/水缓冲液和乙腈作为流动相，通过二元梯度洗脱，使四种抗生素获得了较好的分离，以基线噪音的3倍计算，土霉素、四环素、金霉素、氯霉素最低检出浓度分别为32μg/kg、15μg/kg、23μg/kg、19μg/kg，在添加浓度范围内，四种抗生素的加标回收率为76~92%，相对标准偏差为0.8~4.5%，该方法快速、灵敏、准确，可靠性高，可用于海产品中抗生素残留的色谱分析。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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