振源胶囊联合坦度螺酮胶囊治疗哮喘患者伴发焦虑疗效分析

目的探讨振源胶囊联合坦度螺酮胶囊治疗支气管哮喘伴发焦虑患者的疗效和不良反应。方法 76例支气管哮喘伴发焦虑患者随机分成两组,合用组为振源胶囊胶囊联合坦度螺酮胶囊治疗,单用组为坦度螺酮胶囊,疗程为6周。采用汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评定疗效,用症状量表(TESS)评定用药不良反应。结果治疗6周末,合用组有效率为86.84%,单用组有效率为73.68%,两组比较差异有显著性(χ2=2.08,P<0.05)。两组TESS评分比较差异有显著性(t=5.22,P<0.05)。结论振源胶囊联合坦度螺酮胶囊治疗老年支气管哮喘伴发抑郁患者疗效好,安全性高,依从性好。     

芪苈强心胶囊对慢性心力衰竭患者心功能及N端前脑钠肽的影响研究

目的观察芪苈强心胶囊对慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者心功能及血浆N端前脑钠肽(NT-proBNP)水平的影响。方法 80例CHF患者随机分为对照组、治疗组。对照组常规抗心力衰竭治疗,治疗组加服芪苈强心胶囊,两组疗程均为4周。观察两组临床疗效及心功能变化,并检测治疗前后血浆NT-proBNP水平。结果 (1)治疗组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);(2)两组治疗后血浆NT-proBNP水平均较本组治疗前显著降低(P<0.01),治疗组治疗后血浆NT-proBNP水平显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论芪苈强心胶囊治疗CHF可缓解临床症状,改善心功能,并有效降低NT-proBNP水平。     

ARNI对90岁以上老年慢性心力衰竭患者心功能及衰弱的影响

目的 探讨血管紧张素受体脑啡肽酶抑制剂（ARNI）对90岁以上慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者心功能及衰弱的影响。方法 选取2018年1月至2021年1月于解放军总医院第七医学中心老年医学科心血管病区住院的>90岁的CHF患者,根据是否使用ARNI分为观察组和对照组,其中观察组45例,年龄为92.6±2.2岁;对照组47例,年龄为91.6±1.2岁。观察两组患者治疗前及治疗6个月后心功能指标：N末端脑钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）、左室射血分数（LVEF）的变化,纽约心功能分级,衰弱评分及不良反应的发生情况。结果 与治疗前相比,治疗6个月后两组NT-ProBNP、衰弱指数显著降低（P<0.05）。LVEF与治疗前比较明显升高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗6个月后观察组NT-proBNP、衰弱指数低于对照组,LVEF高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 ARNI对90岁以上老年CHF患者可显著减低NT-proBNP水平,提高LVEF水平,改善心功能分级,改善衰弱程度且不良反应少,具有较好的安全性。可为90岁以上CHF患者提高生活质量提供新的治疗策...     

振源胶囊治疗冠心病慢性心力衰竭伴焦虑抑郁状态病人临床疗效分析

目的观察振源胶囊治疗冠心病慢性心力衰竭伴焦虑抑郁状态病人的临床疗效。方法随机选择2014年1月—2014年12月于我院心内科收治的60例冠心病慢性心力衰竭伴焦虑抑郁状态病人,采用随机数字表法分为试验组(30例)和对照组(30例)。对照组予以常规西药治疗+心理干预,试验组在对照组治疗基础上加用振源胶囊,10d为1个疗程,观察3个疗程。治疗后比较两组病人心功能、中医症状、焦虑自评量表(SDS)、抑郁自评量表(SAS)。结果治疗后试验组病人心功能疗效、中医症状疗效均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后对照组SDS及SAS评分无明显改善,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),试验组SDS及SAS评分比治疗前显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.01),且治疗后试验组评分明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论振源胶囊能明显提高冠心病慢性心力衰竭病人的临床疗效,改善病人的焦虑抑郁状态。     

N端脑钠肽前体对老年慢性心力衰竭的诊断价值

目的探讨老年慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者血浆脑钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）水平与左室功能的关系及临床意义。方法将93例老年CHF患者按美国心脏病协会（NYHA）分级方法分为心功能Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级3组,25名健康老年人纳入对照组。采用电化学发光免疫分析技术测定4组血浆NT-proBNP水平,用超声心动图测定左室舒张末期内径（LVEDD）和左心室射血分数（LVEF）。结果心力衰竭NT-proBNP、LVEDD显著高于对照组（P〈0.01）,且血清NT-proBNP浓度随着心功能分级的增加而升高（3组两两比较均有统计学意义,P〈0.01）。NT-proBNP水平与LVEDD呈正相关（r=0.711,P〈0.01）,而与LVEF呈负相关（r=-0.85,P〈0.01）。结论血浆NT-proBNP水平可作为CHF患者心功能检测的有效生化指标,可以用来评估老年心力衰竭患者的左室功能。     

劳拉西泮治疗老年急性心肌梗死伴焦虑症患者的临床观察

目的探讨劳拉西泮治疗老年急性心肌梗死伴焦虑症的临床疗效及安全性。方法选择老年急性心肌梗死伴焦虑症患者128例,随机分为治疗组(常规加劳拉西泮)和对照组(常规加心理干预),每组各64例,治疗2周,治疗前后采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(Hamilton anxiety scale,HAMA)进行测评,观察急性心肌梗死伴焦虑症缓解情况。结果治疗组心绞痛发作次数[(5.64±1.38)次vs(9.37±1.64)次]、持续时间[(8.36±3.27)s vs(12.46±2.85)s]、硝酸甘油用量[(2.78±0.35)mg vs(4.56±0.48)mg]较对照组明显减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组总有效率明显高于对照组(84%vs 36%,P<0.05)。治疗组治疗后HAMA评分较治疗前及对照组治疗后明显降低,差异有统计学意义[(8.42±2.63)分vs(17.18±3.54)分和(15.37±3.48)分,P<0.05]。治疗组出现眩晕8例,对照组出现眩晕6例,治疗1²周后症状消失,治疗组出现乏力7例,对照组出现乏力5例,继续用药后症状消失。未见震颤等椎体外系表现。结论常规加劳拉西泮治疗老年急性心肌梗死伴焦虑症状疗效更好,改善预后,安全可靠。     

缬沙坦治疗慢性心力衰竭合并肾功能不全效果观察

目的 探讨缬沙坦治疗慢性心力衰竭（CHF）合并轻中度肾功能不全患者的临床疗效.方法 将83例心功能Ⅲ～Ⅳ级并轻中度肾功能不全的CHF患者随机分成两组,对照组（43例）应用利尿剂、β受体阻滞剂、洋地黄等常规治疗;观察组（40例）在常规治疗基础上给予缬沙坦治疗.两组治疗前、治疗8周后,双向侧流免疫法测定血清N末端脑钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）;超声心动图测量左心室舒张末期内径（LVEDd）;计算左心室射血分数（LVEF）;乳胶颗粒增强免疫比浊法测量血清胱抑素C（Cys-C）;日立7600自动生化仪检测血清肌酐（Scr）;简化MDRD公式计算肾小球滤过率（GFR）.结果 两组治疗8周后,血清NT-proBNP、Cys-C、Scr水平均较治疗前降低,LVEF、GFR升高,P均＜0.05.观察组治疗后比对照组改善显著（P均＜0.05）.结论 缬沙坦能显著降低CHF合并轻中度肾功能不全患者的血清NT-proBNP、Cys-C水平,提高LVEF,改善GFR,提升治疗效果.     

重组人脑利钠肽治疗难治性心力衰竭的临床疗效及短期预后观察

目的 评价重组人脑利钠肽治疗难治性充血性心力衰竭的临床疗效及短期预后。方法 选取我院住院的心力衰竭患者。给予常规心力衰竭方法治疗2周。心力衰竭的临床症状未得到改善或恶化者60例。将此60例患者重新评估NYHA心功能分级,复查超声心动图,测定血NT-proBNP,随机分成实验组（30例）和对照组（30例）。实验组则在对照组的治疗基础上加用重组人脑利钠肽,对照组继续原治疗。观察两组用药72小时前后临床症状、体征,NYHA心功能分级、NT-proBNP、LVEDD、LVEF变化,测6分钟步行试验。随访6月,统计心力衰竭再住院、死亡情况。比较两组NT-proBNP、LVEDD、LVEF变化。测6分钟步行试验。结果 实验组心力衰竭临床表现、NYHA心功能改善、NT-proBNP、LVEDD降低、LVEF提高、6分钟步行试验较对照组有显著差异（P＜0.05或＜0.01）;随访6月,实验组心力衰竭再住院率明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）,两组死亡率无明显差异。实验组NT-proBNP、LVEDD、LVEF、6分钟步行试验较对照组有显著差异（P≤0.01）。结论 重组人脑利钠肽在改善心功能、提高射血分数、降低NT-proBNP、LVEDD等指标方面、有显著优势,是难治性心力衰竭的有效治疗方法。并可改善难治性心力衰竭患者的短期预后。     

丹参多酚酸盐对老年慢性心力衰竭患者心功能及氨基末端B型钠尿肽前体浓度的影响

目的观察丹参多酚酸盐对老年慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者心功能及氨基末端B型钠尿肽前体(NT-proBNP)浓度的影响。方法将68例老年CHF患者随机分为对照组(32例),予常规抗心力衰竭治疗;治疗组(36例),在对照组基础上加用丹参多酚酸盐。比较两组患者治疗前后临床疗效,治疗前后左室舒张末期内径(LVDD),左室射血分数(LVEF)和NT-proBNP水平。结果治疗组治疗后总有效率(88.89%)显著高于对照组(81.25%);治疗后两组心功能均得到改善,与对照组相比治疗组心功能改善更为显著;两组治疗后NT-proBNP浓度均下降,治疗组下降更为显著。结论丹参多酚酸盐用于老年CHF患者能提高治疗有效率,改善心功能,降低血浆NT-proBNP水平。     

焦虑和抑郁与老年慢性充血性心力衰竭的相关性研究

目的探讨老年慢性充血性心力衰竭(CHF)患者抑郁和焦虑的发生情况及其相关性。方法入选2014年1月至2015年12月期间西安市第九医院老年病二科收治的CHF患者180例作为病例组,另选年龄、性别与之相匹配的60例健康对象作为对照组。采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)对两组进行评价,同时采用多普勒彩色超声诊断仪检测两组对象的左室射血分数(LVEF)。结果与对照组相比,病例组患者的SDS和SAS评分显著增加,而LVEF测定值则显著降低,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。随着心功能级别的升高,患者的SDS和SAS评分以及发生焦虑和抑郁的情况均逐渐增加,而LVEF值则逐渐降低,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论老年CHF患者焦虑和抑郁的并发率较高,提示临床医师在此类患者的诊治过程中,应注意对其焦虑和抑郁情绪的干预。     

Satisfaction with ambulatory care of persons with AIDS

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation of patient characteristics and site of care to the perception of ambulatory care quality by persons with AIDS (PWAs). DESIGN: Patient surveys and medical record review were used to determine PWAs’ perceptions of their ambulatory care, self-perceived health status, primary care relationships, sociodemographic characteristics, and severity of illness. SETTING: A public-hospital HIV clinic, an academic group practice, and a staff-model health maintenance organization (HMO) that together care for 20% of all Massachusetts PWAs. PATIENTS: All active patients as of February 12, 1990, and all new AIDS patients at each of the three sites during the subsequent 13 months. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN BESULTS: The primary outcome measure was a six-item scale of patient-rated quality of care (PRQC), a newly developed measure that combined patients’ ratings of their physician care, nursing care, involvement in medical decisions, and overall quality of care. Multiple logistic regression was carried out with low PRQC (lowest quart He) as the dependent variable, to identify correlates of patient perceptions of poor quality. Patients who had a primary nurse were significantly less likely to have low PRQC scores (OR=0.50, 95% CI=0.26 to 0.97). Black patients and patients who used injection drugs were significantly more likely to rate their care in the lowest quartile (OR=2.22, 95% CI=1.04 to 4.78; and OR=2.43, 95% CI=1.13 to 5.23, respectively), as were those who had lower self-perceived health status, after controlling for confounders; no association was found by site or severity. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that primary nursing may be an important determinant of how PWAs rate the quality of their ambulatory care. Furthermore, PWAs who are black or who are injection drug users are less satisfied than are others with the quality of their ambulatory AIDS care. Presented in part at the annual meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine, April 30, 1993, Arlington, Virginia. Supported by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, grant number HS06239.     

分析老年糖尿病患者应用甘精胰岛素联合阿卡波糖治疗的效果

目的探讨甘精胰岛素联合阿卡波糖在老年糖尿病患者中的临床疗效。方法选取该院2018年7月—2019年7月收治的113例老年糖尿病患者作为研究对象,经随机数字表法,划分A组(n=56,阿卡波糖)和B组(n=57,甘精胰岛素+阿卡波糖),比较两组临床疗效、血糖指标。结果B组患者临床治疗总有效率显著高于A组;经治疗,B组患者空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)水平明显低于A组。两组之间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在老年糖尿病患者中应用甘精胰岛素+阿卡波糖,临床疗效显著,使患者的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白等指标得到了明显改善,安全性强。     

Treatment of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome with Bosentan

We treated prospectively 14 patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome, with a mean age of 10 years, ranging from 3 to 18 years. Treatment continued for 12 months, and demonstrated a lasting symptomatic improvement, but no improvement in terms of mean saturation of oxygen over 24 hours. Exercise capacity, as judged by peak uptake of oxygen, worsened in the six patients able to perform a treadmill test. The symptomatic benefit from dual blockage of endothelin receptors in these patients may be due to mechanisms other than selective pulmonary vasodilatation alone.     

Evaluation of atrial vulnerability with transoesophageal stimulation in patients with atrioventricular junctional: Comparison with patients with ventricular pre-excitation and with normal subjects

The aim of our work was to evaluate the inducibility of atrialfibrillation in a group of patients with atrioventricular junctionalreentrant tachycardia and to compare it with that of patientswith a Kent-type ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome) and a control group. One hundred and twenty-five subjects were separated into groups.Group 1 comprised 49 Wolff-Parkinson-White patients, with amean age of 26.4, range 10.66 years; group 2, 51 patients withatrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardia inducibleby transoesophageal atrial stimulation andlor clinically documented,with a mean age of 43.4, range 16–78 years; group 3, 25control subjects with a mean age of2.64, range 13–76 years. Each subject underwent atrial transoesophageal stimulation withthe following protocol: programmed atrial stimulation with 1and 2 stimuli during atrial pacing of 100. min^–1 and 150.min^–1; atrial stimulation for 10 s at a rate of 200–300–400–500–600.min^–1 with intervals of 10 s between stimulations, fivesuccessive ‘ramp-up’ atrial stimulations for 9 swith the rate increasing from 100 to 800. min^–1 with intervalsof 10 s between stimulations. The end point was the completionof the protocol or induction of sustained atrial fibrillation(>1 min). The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Our resultsshowed that in group 1 atrial fibrillation was induced in 27149patients (55.1%); this was sustained in 13149 (26.5%) and non-sustainedin 14149 (28.5%); in group 2, atrial fibrillation was inducedin 22151 patients (43.0%); it was sustained in 7151 (13.7%)and non-sustained in 15151 (29.4%); in group 3, sustained atrialfibrillation was not induced in any subject and in only onesubject was a non-sustained atrial fibrillation (4 s) induced. The chi-square test showed that group 2 vs group 1 were non-significant,while group 2 vs group 3 and group 1 vs group 3 were significant(P<0.003 and P<0.0007, respectively). Therefore group 2 patients showed a greater atrial vulnerabilityin comparison to the control subjects and a similar vulnerabilityto group 1 patients. It is possible that the greater atrialvulnerability in the patients of group 2 was due to the doublenodal pathway.     

小剂量垂体后叶素合并硝酸甘油治疗咯血

目的评价小剂量垂体后叶素联合硝酸甘油治疗咯血的疗效及不良反应。方法将50例咯血患者随机分为两组,治疗组在常规治疗基础上（n=26）应用小剂量垂体后叶素联合硝酸甘油;对照组（n=24）在常规治疗基础上仅应用小剂量垂体后叶素。分析其疗效及不良反应。结果48小时后治疗组有效率96.15％（25／26）,对照组有效率58.33％（14／24）,差异有统计学意义（P=0.012）;治疗组对血压影响小,无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,对照组能引起血压升高的副作用（P〈0.05）;治疗组出现头晕头痛、胸闷、心悸、腹痛、腹泻、恶心呕吐、出汗、面色苍白等不良反应比对照组少,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论小剂量垂体后叶素联合硝酸甘油治疗中量咯血比垂体后叶素单药治疗中量咯血疗效明显提高,且能减少垂体后叶素不良反应。