轻质建筑中相变蓄能石膏板热性能研究

现代轻质建筑由于热惯性较小,室内温度昼夜波动较大。相变蓄能具有温度变化小、蓄能密度大的特点。将相变材料（PCM）掺入轻质建材中,制成相变蓄能建筑构件,可以有效增加建筑围护结构热惯性,提高室内热舒适度,节约采暖空调能耗。本文研究了相变蓄能石膏板在北京地区轻质建筑中的冬季使用效果,从相变温度、相变材料含量和相变石膏板厚度三个方面对相变蓄能石膏板的使用进行了优化,并比较了普通石膏板和混凝土隔墙的使用效果。研究表明相变蓄能石膏板能有效抑制室内温度波动,提高室内热舒适度。     

功能性纸面石膏板的应用及发展潜力

介绍耐火纸面石膏板、耐水石膏板、吸声石膏板、相变石膏板、防辐射石膏板和绿色吸附石膏板等几种新型功能性纸面石膏板的原理、特点和应用.由于制各工艺尚未成熟、原材料成本较高等问题,新型功能性纸面石膏板目前还没有真正进入市场,但是随着其技术的发展以及市场需求的多元化,必将会逐步扩大市场份额.     

石膏载体定形相变材料的制备及其热性能

制备了以石膏作载体、石蜡作相变材料的定形相变材料(复合石膏板)。实验证明表面活性剂硬脂酸钠可有效提高石膏板吸收石蜡的质量比,差示扫描量热结果显示复合定形相变材料中石蜡的相变温度、峰顶温度降低,相变吸热量与相变蜡在复合材料中的质量成正比。     

相变石膏板应用于外墙表面夏季隔热的相变温度分析

本文提出了将定形相变蓄能石膏板安装在轻质保温墙体外侧取代传统绝热材料,以改善围护结构夏季隔热性能的方法。以南京地区为例,采用Matlab编程比较了定形相变蓄能石膏板和膨胀型聚苯乙烯板在改善轻质围护结构隔热性能方面的差异,并利用焓法模型从相变温度角度对相变蓄能石膏板的使用效果进行了分析。研究结果表明,定形相变蓄能墙体在夏季可以改善建筑物外墙的隔热性能,减少通过围护结构传入室内的热量,相变温度为28℃的蓄能墙体能最大程度缓解夏季室内的空调冷负荷,起到节能效果。     

相变材料蓄能式吊顶辐射供冷系统热性能模拟研究

本文将单位体积蓄能密度较大的相变材料与毛细管网格栅埋入到建筑吊顶中,设计出了一种相变材料蓄能式吊顶辐射供冷末端形式,建立了分析该吊顶在间歇运行工况下热性能的数学模型,利用该模型可以分析不同相变材料物性对该相变材料蓄能式吊顶的表面平均热流密度和蓄能比的影响。通过对影响因素的敏感性分析,得出了影响吊顶热性能的主要因素。此外,对比分析了相变材料蓄能式吊顶与混凝土蓄能式吊顶热性能的差异,指出相变材料蓄能式吊顶辐射供冷方式具有蓄能比更高的特点。     

相变材料的研究进展与应用综述

相变材料在蓄热方面具有单体蓄能高、蓄能过程等温发生等优势,通过归纳各类常见相变材料的优缺点,探讨了作为良好相变材料应具有的热物理特性,同时,通过对相变材料在生产和生活中应用的介绍,总结了相变材料在当前应用中存在的问题,且对其未来的发展趋势提出展望。     

板材种种

石膏板1.纸面石膏板纸面石膏板是目前在国内外室内装饰行业中被广泛采用的吊顶外饰材料,其制品现均已颁布了国家标准。(1)普通纸面石膏板:普通纸面石膏板是以熟石膏粉作为主要材料,加入纤维、粘结剂、促凝剂、缓凝剂,再加上适量的水,经混合、搅拌呈     

相变蓄能建筑材料的节能评价研究

分析了相变蓄能建筑材料的节能原理,评价依据及方法:提出了表征相变蓄能建筑材料节能性能的评价指标:温度阻尼率和节能效率;并以蓄能石膏板的节能性能测定为例,提出了同时测定温度阻尼率与节能效率的测试方法及测试装置.结果表明:温度阻尼率与节能效率对相变蓄能建筑材料的节能评价具有重要意义.     

全国纸面石膏板大中型生产企业负责人会议纪要

全国纸面石膏板大中型生产企业负责人会议纪要□中国建筑装饰装修材料协会石膏装修材料专业委员会编者按：本刊１９９８年第４期中已经报道过１９９８年３月２５日至２６日在上海召开全国纸面石膏板大中型生产企业负责人会议的消息。在这次会议上，代表们就我国纸面石膏板...     

轻质高强纸面石膏板的生产质量控制

分析影响纸面石膏板强度的因素,列举了优选原材料与控制生产工艺是提高纸面石膏板产品质量的关键措施。并重点介绍轻质高强石膏板生产的材料选择、工艺调整和质量控制。     

Experimental study and evaluation of latent heat storage in phase change materials wallboards

Phase change materials (PCM) can be applied in building envelops to conserve heat energy. Wallboards incorporated with PCM can automatically absorb indoor redundant heat, which can greatly reduce the load of HVAC systems and save electric energy. In experiments, a PCM wallboard room was constructed by attaching PCM wallboards, developed by incorporating about 26% PCM by weight into gypsum wallboards, to the surface of an ordinary wall. The transition temperature and latent heat of these PCM wallboards were tested by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The room testing was conducted to determine the latent heat storage of PCM wallboards. Through experiments, it could be proved that DSC can effectively predict the performance of a full-scale installation of PCM wallboards. Compared with an ordinary room, it was found that the PCM wallboard room could greatly reduce the energy cost of HVAC systems and transfer electric power peak load to valley.     

Optimierung des Einflusses von Latentspeichermaterial auf das thermische Verhalten von Gebäuden

Optimization of the influence of phase change material on the thermal behaviour of buildings. The aim of the present work is to investigate the value of using Phase Change Material, successive as PCM designated, in buildings. For this purpose a simulation program was first developed as a tool to design und to optimize the usage of PCM in buildings. This program allowed us to simulate the dynamic thermal behaviour in buildings with application of PCM. The experiments were carried out with a test box under conditions with or without application of PCM. The goals were firstly to investigate the temperature stabilization effect of PCM and secondly to validate the developed simulation program. Comparison of the data from the measurement and from the simulation confirmed, that the developed program can exactly describe the dynamic thermal behaviour of a room. The simulation model was then used to optimize PCM application in buildings. On the basis of a room model the important influence parameters were investigated, including the required quantity and the phase change temperature of PCM, the air change rate of a room and the ventilation rate for PCM‐layer. It appeared that the optimal physical state of PCM could determine the optimal value of these influence parameters.     

Energetic efficiency of room wall containing PCM wallboard: A full-scale experimental investigation

A wallboard new PCM material is experimentally investigated in this paper to enhance the thermal behavior of light weight building internal partition wall. The experiments are carried out in a full-scale test room which is completely controlled. The external temperature and radiative flux dynamically simulate a summer repetitive day. The differential test concern walls with and without PCM material under the same conditions. The PCM allows to reduce the room air temperature fluctuations, in particular when overheating occurs. A numerical modeling has been used to investigate energy storage. Five millimeters of PCM wallboard double the energy that can be stocked, and destocked, during the experiment. The experiments are fully described so that the results can be used for the validation of numerical models dealing with phase change materials.     

纸面石膏板干燥技术的现状和发展趋势

纸面石膏板干燥是与产品质量和生产能耗密切相关的重要环节。本文介绍了国内外纸面石膏板干燥技术的现状,并指出了纸面石膏板干燥技术的发展趋势。     

Untersuchungen zur immissions‐ und geruchsreduzierenden Eigenschaft von zeolithehaltigen Gipsbaustoffen

Examination of the exposure‐ and odour‐reducing characteristics of gypsum‐based building materials containing zeolite. Emissions of volatile organic materials (VOC) from building products are increasingly regarded as harmful. In Germany the AgBB scheme was developed, which describes the health assessment procedure for emissions of volatile organic compounds from building products and today offers the main basis for requirements relating to room air hygiene‐related properties of building products. This article describes studies on plasterboard containing zeolite.     

纤维增强石膏板受力性能试验研究

玻璃纤维石膏板是一种新型的环保墙体材料,通过4块纤维增强石膏板的抗弯性能试验,得到了纤维石膏板沿孔方向受弯时的破坏机理,通过分析纤维增强石膏板的荷载-挠度曲线,荷载-拉应力曲线得到了纤维增强石膏板的抗弯刚度,开裂荷载和极限荷载,为进行该墙板的进一步受力分析及工程应用提供了依据。     

相变储能石膏板导热系数2种测试方法的研究

相变储能石膏板导热系数的测试多采用单一的非稳态测试方法,为更好表征相变储能石膏板导热系数的变化规律,分别采用稳态测试方法（防护热板法）和非稳态测试方法研究了相同配合比相变储能石膏板的导热系数.分析比较发现：随着相变材料掺量的增大,石膏基相变储能构件的导热系数降低;2种测试方法均能反映相变储能石膏板导热系数的变化规律,初始温度在相变温度区间时,试件的导热系数值最大;非稳态测试得到的导热系数值较大.     

掺膨胀珍珠岩改善纸面石膏板性能的研究

通过实验室研究,并经大型生产线的综合试验证明,在纸面石膏板中掺入一定量的膨胀珍珠岩,在基本不影响纸面石膏板其它综合性能的前提下,可以降低纸面石膏板密度10%,并大大提高其遇火结构稳定性.     

石膏纸板与纸面石膏板技术性能关系探讨

石膏纸板是生产纸面石膏板的主要原料之一。它的诸项性能对纸面石膏板的生产工艺及质量有着直接影响。介绍了石膏纸板的技术性能，生产工艺及纸板结构与原材料选用，分析了纸板强度，水分含量，单位面积质量对纸面石膏板生产工艺、产量、质量及成本的影响，深入研究石膏纸板并把它运用好是生产纸面石膏板的关键。     

Energy and environmental performance of building façades integrated with phase change material in subtropical Hong Kong

In the past decade, the application of phase change material (PCM) wallboard in building façade has gained wide attention around the world. For successful application of PCM integrated building façade, a number of crucial factors including thermo-physical properties of PCM, outdoor climate condition, operating schedule of building, investment cost and tariff structure should be taken into account. In this study, a typical residential flat with PCM integrated external walls constructed in the living room and bedroom was modeled and the thermal/energy performance was investigated. The effect of PCM integrated wall's orientation was also evaluated. Through computer simulations, it was found that the living room of a residential flat with west-facing integrated external wall could perform better. It gave a comparatively higher decrease in the interior surface temperature up to a maximum of 4.14%. Moreover, an annual energy saving of 2.9% in air-conditioning system was achieved. However, a long cost payback period of 91 years makes the PCM integrated building façade economically infeasible. On the other hand, the energy payback period was estimated as 23.4 years for this building case, indicating that the energy saving can surpass the embodied energy of PCM wallboard and mitigate the greenhouse gas emission.