多孔陶瓷膜支撑体的制备研究进展

多孔陶瓷膜支撑体是陶瓷膜制备与应用的基础.本文概述了多孔陶瓷膜支撑体主要的制备工艺及其特点;探讨了制备过程中影响多孔陶瓷膜支撑体结构及性能的因素;综述了多孔陶瓷膜支撑体研究现状,并对多孔陶瓷膜支撑体的发展趋势进行了展望.     

论功能型建筑陶瓷的作用及其应用

将建筑陶瓷功能化是陶瓷行业的主要发展方向之一。本文对功能型建筑陶瓷,如自洁陶瓷、抗菌陶瓷、太阳能陶瓷、远红外辐射陶瓷、防静电陶瓷、发光陶瓷、调湿陶瓷、负离子陶瓷、多孔隔热陶瓷、透水砖、吸声陶瓷、吸收电磁波陶瓷和吸收二氧化碳陶瓷等方面进行了归纳,并阐述了各种功能型瓷砖的原理、工艺和应用。     

Fabrication of glass ceramic sealants with ceramic fiber filler for solid oxide fuel cells

In this study, ceramic fibers are used as a filler material for glass ceramic sealant in solid oxide fuel cells to improve the thermal cycle behavior. Beside the bare glass ceramic sealant for comparison, multilayered sealants with different ceramic fiber contents are fabricated to investigate the effect of ceramic fiber quantity also. The mechanical performances of the samples are measured via tensile tests by placing them between two metallic interconnector plates after the glass formation process as well as after 1, 5 and 10 thermal cycles. The results show that the mechanical strength in general tends to decrease with increasing the ceramic filler content, which can be attributed to poor adhesion due to reduced glass ceramic composition. On the other hand, thermal cycle behavior of the samples with ceramic fibers is found to be improved at some extend. This may be due to the behavior of ceramic filler network and relatively slow crystallization with increasing the amount of the filler as proven by microstructural observations. Especially for the sample including 4 ceramic fiber interlayers each having 0.030 g ceramic fibers, the mechanical strength shows an increasing trend with the number of thermal cycles.     

Construction strategies of self-cleaning ceramic composite membranes for water treatment

Ceramic membranes have received much popularity due to their high mechanical strength, satisfactory acid/alkali resistance, and long-term stability. However, ceramic membranes are also inevitably fouled by contaminates during the membrane separation process. Therefore, construction strategies of anti-fouling ceramic membranes are a main topic in current research. In this work, we review a better anti-fouling ceramic membrane, which is named “self-cleaning” membrane and membrane process. Date to now, there are four main strategies to construct self-cleaning ceramic membranes: 1) porous piezoelectric ceramic membranes; 2) photo-catalytic ceramic membrane; 3) electrochemical ceramic membranes and 4) self-cleaning ceramic membrane surface. Self-cleaning ceramic membranes can in-situ remove and decompose the pollutants on the membrane surface and recover the water permeance that exhibits a great potential to treat industrial wastewater without backwashing or other methods. The detailed membrane fabrication period, mechanism and important case studies are reported in this review. Self-cleaning ceramic membrane is expected to be next-generation anti-fouling ceramic membrane material for continuous water treatment. It is a first review work that systematically concluded all the strategies for self-cleaning ceramic membranes that can be an important reference in ceramic or membrane fields.     

电泳沉积功能陶瓷涂层技术

本文评述了功能陶瓷悬浮液的稳定性、电泳沉积技术原理、以及该技术在制备生物陶瓷、超导陶瓷、铁电陶瓷、耐磨耐高温陶瓷等功能陶瓷涂层方面的应用。讨论了电流、电压、分散介质及陶瓷本身特性等因素对电泳沉积过程和功能陶瓷沉积层性能的影响。     

陶瓷增材制造(3D打印)技术研究进展

高性能陶瓷是现代技术发展和应用不可或缺的关键材料。常规的陶瓷制造技术难以满足对个性化、精细化、轻量化和复杂化的高端产品快速制造的需求。新兴的增材制造技术(3D打印)在高性能陶瓷的成型制造领域具有巨大的发展潜力,有望突破传统陶瓷加工和生产的技术瓶颈,为陶瓷关键零部件的应用开辟新的途径。本文针对陶瓷材料及其快速成型和后处理工艺,重点阐述了三维打印技术、光固化成型技术、选择性激光烧结技术等主流陶瓷增材制造技术的研究现状,并指出了目前存在的问题及发展趋势。     

二氧化锆的性质、用途及其发展方向

简要论述二氧化锆与新型陶瓷材料相关的物理化学性质,并对其在电子陶瓷、功能陶瓷和结构陶瓷等方面的应用作简要介绍,指出二氧化锆产品必须朝高纯、超微细、复合和溶胶方面发展的趋势。     

两类陶瓷刀具的现状、性能与应用

综述了氧化铝系和氮化硅系两类陶瓷刀具的发展现状,阐述了两类陶瓷刀具的力学性能与切削性能,论述了两类陶瓷刀具的特点、加工范围以及合适的切削加工用量,提出了刀具使用过程中的一些注意问题。     

陶瓷非遗传承的困境和新思路——以景德镇为例

景德镇陶瓷非物质文化遗产内容非常丰富,陶瓷从业人员众多,特别是当下景德镇成为了国家陶瓷文化传承创新试验区,更好地将陶瓷非遗传承下来已经成为景德镇的重要任务.如何在文化传承发展中,为陶瓷非遗传承提供一些新思路,从而将陶瓷非遗传承打造成我国非遗传承保护的新范式,意义重大、时间紧迫.本文在剖析陶瓷非遗传承保护迫切性的基础上,...     

陶瓷窑炉内陶瓷纤维的高温粉化及抗粉化的研究

由于陶瓷窑中使用环境恶劣,不但有气氛问题,更有各种釉料产生的釉汽的侵蚀、水汽侵蚀及高速气流的搅动,故陶瓷纤维在陶瓷窑炉中高温粉化严重。本文以辊道窑为例剖析了陶瓷纤维粉化概貌及其在窑炉工程使用中的缺陷,提出了研究陶瓷纤维粉化的设想及抗粉化的方法。     

Dispersion and stability of SiC ceramic slurry for stereolithography

Stereolithography based additive manufacturing provides an effective method to fabricate complex-shaped SiC ceramic components. The dispersion and stability of the ceramic slurry are very important for stereolithography. In this study, the dispersion and stability of SiC ceramic slurries were investigated systematically. The effects of resin monomers, dispersants, particle size, solid loading and ball milling time on the dispersion, rheological behavior and stability of SiC ceramic slurries were studied in detail. Finally, an optimal SiC ceramic slurry for stereolithography based additive manufacturing was obtained, and complex-shaped SiC ceramic architectures were fabricated.     

高温热机用陶瓷部件的研究与进展

本文着重讨论当前陶瓷基复合材料的在高温热机上的潜在应用情况，对陶瓷材料的要求及其在发动机上的使用趋势作了探讨，并就其目前最新工艺和制造方法作了探讨，对当前陶瓷发动机存在的问题进行了分析，认为仍需要对复合材料的界面以及高温使用的纤维加强进行研究，并就陶瓷材料部件在将来的发展作了预测。     

喷墨打印用陶瓷墨水的研究现状及其发展趋势

陶瓷数字喷墨打印技术是一种极具潜力的陶瓷装饰技术,它是现代计算机技术与陶瓷装饰材料技术相结合的产物,其独特的优势是传统陶瓷装饰工艺无可比拟的。本文主要对陶瓷墨水的制备工艺及目前国内外陶瓷墨水的研究现状进行了评述,同时,对陶瓷墨水今后的研究重点及发展趋势进行了分析。     

Gelcasting of alumina based ceramic cores containing yttria for single crystal and directional solidification blades

Abstract

Ceramic cores play an essential role in investment casting. In this paper, gelcasting process has been successfully employed to fabricate alumina based ceramic cores containing yttria for single crystal and directional solidification blades. Based on an investigation of the formability of different ceramic slurries, material compositions of ceramic cores are determined by experiments. A proper sintering process is developed to get low sintered shrinkage, high apparent porosity and high room temperature flexural strength. The high temperature properties of ceramic cores are improved by dipping in water based yttria sol and resintering. The test results show that comprehensive properties of alumina based ceramic cores containing yttria fabricated by gelcasting are better than those of AC-1 ceramic cores made by the Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, China, and that the ceramic cores can be applied to single crystal and directional solidification blade casting.     

基于网络的陶瓷窑炉"用户群"技术支撑平台的初步研究

针对国内众多陶瓷窑炉用户对燃烧节能系统及其优化控制技术的需求,以及部分企业窑炉使用维护不方便等问题,提出了以陶瓷窑炉节能及其优化控制系统为基础的,基于网络的面向陶瓷窑炉“用户群”的技术支撑平台,以形成窑炉制造者和用户双方相互交融的技术链,以便实现陶瓷窑炉节能及其优化控制技术的产业化。     

基于网络的陶瓷窑炉"用户群"技术支撑平台的初步研究

针对国内众多陶瓷窑炉用户对燃烧节能系统及其优化控制技术的需求,以及部分企业窑炉使用维护不方便等问题,提出了以陶瓷窑炉节能及其优化控制系统为基础的,基于网络的面向陶瓷窑炉“用户群”的技术支撑平台,以形成窑炉制造者和用户双方相互交融的技术链,以便实现陶瓷窑炉节能及其优化控制技术的产业化。     

Development of ceramic fiber reinforced glass ceramic sealants for microtubular solid oxide fuel cells

Ceramic fibers in various forms with different fiber sizes are tested to improve the sealing performance of glass ceramic seals for microtubular solid oxide fuel cell applications. In this regard, several sealing pastes are prepared by mixing each ceramic fibers type with glass ceramics at 1.25 wt %. Five layered microtubular anode supported cells are also fabricated by extrusion and dip coating methods to evaluate the sealing performance of the composite sealants. The pastes are applied between the cells and gas manifolds made of Crofer22 APU. The electrochemical and sealing performances at an operating temperature of 800 °C under hydrogen are investigated after the glass forming process. Microstructures of the sealants are also examined by a scanning electron microscope. Experimental investigations reveal that the cells sealed by the pastes with ceramic bulk fiber and ceramic fiber rope gasket show acceptable open circuit potentials close to the theoretical one. These cells can be also pressurized up to around 150 kPa back pressure in the sealing performance tests. On the other hand, the pastes without any filler, with ceramic rope and with ceramic blanket exhibit poor sealing performance due to gas leakage originated from flowing of the main glass ceramic matrix from the joints. Therefore, ceramic bulk fiber and ceramic fiber rope gasket are found to behave as a stopper and can be used to prevent glass ceramics from flowing for microtubular solid oxide fuel cells or similar applications.     

应用陶瓷型人工髋关节治疗中青年髋关节伤病

目的比较陶瓷型与生物固定型人工髋关节治疗中青年髋关节创病的中短期应用结果，以探讨陶瓷型人工髋关节假体的临床应用价值。方法对人工全髋关节置换术132例164髋进行随访，其中生物固定型超高分子聚乙烯-钻铬钼合金全髋假体97例99髋，陶瓷-陶瓷非骨水泥型假体35例35髋，应用Harris评分进行功能评价，应用Gruen股骨分区与髋臼Delee—charnly分区方法进行影像学评价。结果Harris功能评分两组患者之间未见显著性差异，但是影象学上，超高分子聚乙烯-钻铬钼合金假体的松动范围或程度要大于陶瓷假体。结论对于年轻患者，陶瓷-陶瓷假体中短期效果良好，影象学松动率明显低于超高分子聚乙烯-钻铬钼合金假体。但是由于其价格昂贵，使用范围受到限制，而且远期结果有待于临床观察。     

Mechanochemical synthesis of solid solutions based on ZrO<Subscript>2</Subscript> and their electrical conductivity

Zirconia-and scandia-based complex solid solutions predominantly with a monoclinic structure are prepared by mechanochemical synthesis. The dense ceramic materials, which, for the most part, have a cubic structure with grain sizes of 250–400 nm and possess good mechanical properties, are produced by sintering submicron fractions of the powders under relatively mild conditions at temperatures of 1633–1653 K. It is revealed that the powders are characterized by nanostructuring due to the complex composition and the chemical inhomogeneity. This nanostructuring is partially retained upon rapid sintering of the ceramic powders. The nanostructured ceramic materials possess a high low-temperature conductivity, which decreases after annealing. Unlike conventional ceramic materials, the nanostructured ceramic materials have identical activation energies for bulk and grain-boundary electrical conduction. The high-temperature electrical conductivity of the nanostructured ceramic materials is rather low because of the small grain sizes and impurities of the monoclinic phase.     

Improving the composition of ceramic blends in coke-furnace repair at Evraz Koks Sibir’

Experience in the hot repair of coke furnaces by ceramic surfacing over 12 years at OAO ZSMK is reviewed. It is established that the calculation method for ceramic repair blends adopted at Chernogolovke must be employed. At OAO ZSMK, ceramic blends are produced from the initial components on special equipment. The ceramic patches obtained from these mixtures last 4–4.5 years. Since 2004, original equipment covered by Russian patents has been used for hot repair by ceramic surfacing.