原子吸收光度法测定玻璃中氧化锑

<正> 钢化玻璃绝缘子中氧化锑的含量不高,因此需要精确测定.测定氧化锑的方法甚多.有硫化物重量法、氧化还原容量法、极谱分析法、比色法及原子吸收法.其中,以原子吸收法较好,经试验后效果颇佳.1.氧化锑标准溶液配制称0.1638克金属锑(分析纯)于250ml烧杯中,加10ml盐酸和2ml硝酸,略加热使     

压力生物氧化法处理印染废水试验研究

压力生物氧化法高速高效的根本在于保持高溶解氧浓度，能够在很广的氧吸收速率和生物动力学氧化速率范围内，保持最大的有机物去除率，直接辅以化学混凝气浮。     

高效氧化吸收液治理炼油企业恶臭的研究

采用动态配气法配置硫化氢恶臭气体,筛选出一种价廉易得、吸收氧化效果好的吸收液,考察了影响处理效果的因素：漂白粉投加量、进气浓度、进气流量、温度、吸收时间对去除效果的影响,并对实验结果进行了分析。结果表明：在室温25℃、0～5391 mg/m3硫化氢浓度范围、3 h吸收时间的条件下,漂白粉对硫化氢去除率在92％以上。此法能在较长时间、较大浓度范围内保持较好的去除效果,适于工业化放大。     

高级氧化技术对垃圾渗滤液的处理研究

介绍了高级氧化技术中的臭氧氧化法、Fenton法、湿式催化氧化法、超声波氧化法以及组合工艺处理垃圾渗滤液的研究进展,阐述了这些高级氧化技术的反应机理以及特点,并对高级氧化技术处理垃圾渗滤液研究方向进行了分析,对垃圾渗滤液的有效处理具有积极指导意义。     

氧化沟工艺的技术经济分析

一、氧化沟的特征与发展污水处理中的氧化沟工艺是活性污泥法的改型。它在污水沟内加入工间歇曝气装置，不需曝气时，作为二次沉淀池使用。这样，污水通过氧化沟可去除有机物和悬浮物，使出水水质达到预定标准。四十年来，氧化沟的理论和技术，有了很大的发展，并在很多国家推广。1975年仅美国和加拿大就建成了557座氧化沟污水处理厂，1982年美国出版了氧化沟技术专著。二、氧化沟的类型1.帕斯维尔氧化沟第一座氧化沟污水处理厂是由荷兰帕斯维尔博士设计。是为小型居民区提供一种简易、可靠的污水处理技术，在lin深的排水沟内添置一个转刷，…     

丙烯酸及其酯类废水处理方法的探讨

介绍了丙烯酸及其酯类废水的水质特点,总结了焚烧法、催化湿式氧化法、生物法、超临界水氧化法等主要处理方法的研究进展、优缺点及发展趋势,展望了丙烯酸及其酯类废水处理技术及方法的发展方向。     

高级氧化技术在水处理中的研究进展

论述了Fenton法及类Fenton法进行废水处理的工艺原理,对比分析了各类高级氧化技术的优缺点及适用范围,指出高级氧化技术在水处理中具有适用范围广、反应速率快、转化效率高等特点,已成为目前水处理领域的研究热点。     

常用造纸废水处理技术及其比较

由于造纸废水组分复杂、污染物浓度高、可生化性差,需要联合运用多种处理方法对其进行处理,实现废水的达标排放和降低废水处理成本.主要介绍了造纸废水的特点和几种常用的废水处理技术(物化法、生化法、高级氧化法等),并分析了它们各自的优缺点及适用条件,结合实际条件对造纸废水的处理做出展望.     

高级氧化法的特性及其应用

介绍了一种新型化学氧化法－高级氧化法（AOP）定义及氧化机理，它具有氧化能力强、反应无选择性、氧化彻底等独特的优点，并已在国外有实际应用。     

高速公路服务区污水处理工程

某高速公路服务区污水处理工程采用接触氧化法,介绍了工艺流程及各个构筑物的设计参数.实践证明:采用接触氧化法处理高速公路服务区污水是完全可行的,处理出水能够达标排放且运行费用较低(0.4 R/m3).     

新型除臭剂与活性炭联合投加去除水体异臭味

针对致臭藻类大量生长和底泥搅动产生的异臭味，采用分别单独投加新型高效除臭剂或粉末活性炭和两者联用进行除臭对比试验。结果表明，在异臭味强烈时（原水嗅味为4—5级），采用新型高效除臭剂与粉末活性炭联用并加大投泥量，通过氧化与吸附作用能较彻底地去除异臭味，并在生产中取得良好效果。     

屋顶绿化对空气中二氧化碳含量的影响

以国内最常见的佛甲草植被屋顶为例,研究了屋顶绿化对二氧化碳的吸收和减排效果。分析发现,考虑单个植物体的整个生命周期,屋顶绿化对空气中的二氧化碳含量几乎没有影响。若保持植被屋顶较高的生物量,则可以通过植物本身固定碳元素;植被屋顶还能通过降低建筑的能耗来间接减少二氧化碳的排放。后两种途径均能达到一定的效果,但与城市的二氧化碳排放量相比则微不足道。     

锡槽中石墨挡坎氧化机理探讨

石墨挡坎氧化是指溶解在锡液中的氧化亚锡（SnO）在一定浓度、温度和一定锡液流冲击强度3个条件共同作用下,与石墨挡坎中的碳（C）成分反应产生二氧化碳（CO2）后逸出。该文分析了锡槽中石墨挡坎氧化的机理,提出了处理石墨挡坎氧化的方法及其预防措施。     

Factors which facilitate waste water treatment by aquatic weeds – the mechanism of the weeds’ purifying action

Aquatic weeds such as water hyacinth, salvinia, pistia, and lemna have proved to be powerful bioagents which significantly purify wastewater lying under them. Even the performance of conventional oxidation ponds can be greatly enhanced by the simple expedient of introducing one of these aquatic weeds. Weeds absorb certain pollutants. But the contribution of absorption to the overall treatment is only one among several contributory factors. This paper examines the factors responsible for the water‐purifying ability of the weeds.     

Review of photochemical reaction constants of organic micropollutants required for UV advanced oxidation processes in water

Emerging organic contaminants (pharmaceutical compounds, personal care products, pesticides, hormones, surfactants, fire retardants, fuel additives etc.) are increasingly found in water sources and therefore need to be controlled by water treatment technology. UV advanced oxidation technologies are often used as an effective barrier against organic contaminants. The combined operation of direct photolysis and reaction with hydroxyl radicals ensures good results for a wide range of contaminants. In this review, an overview is provided of the photochemical reaction parameters (quantum yield, molar absorption, OH radical reaction rate constant) of more than 100 organic micropollutants. These parameters allow for a prediction of organic contaminant removal by UV advanced oxidation systems. An example of contaminant degradation is elaborated for a simplified UV/H₂O₂ system.     

Influence of operating conditions on the ammonia electro-oxidation rate in wastewaters from power plants (ELONITA technique)

Power plants, like many other industries, are confronted with the need to reduce the nitrogen content of their wastewaters. Indirect electro-oxidation, through hypochlorite formation, is a possible answer to an ammonia-nitrogen problem, through converting it into gaseous nitrogen. Several parameters affect the ammonia oxidation rate: current density, chloride concentration and the presence of oxygen-containing anions, mainly SO(4)(2-), CO(3)(2-) and PO(4)(3-). pH values between 5.5 and 10 have been found to have no effect on the ammonia oxidation rate. However, at higher pH values (above 11), the oxidation slows down and chlorate ions appear. A model can be fitted from the experiments to predict the ammonia oxidation rate based on four main parameters: pH, current density, sulfate concentration and chloride concentration. The average difference between the predicted oxidation rates and the experimental measures is only 6.5%. This model confirms that the optimal operating conditions are a high chloride concentration (7 gl(-1)), no sulfate and a high current density (1200 Am(-2)).     

Emission reduction from diesel engine using fumigation methanol and diesel oxidation catalyst

This study is aimed to investigate the combined application of fumigation methanol and a diesel oxidation catalyst for reducing emissions of an in-use diesel engine. Experiments were performed on a 4-cylinder naturally-aspirated direct-injection diesel engine operating at a constant speed of 1800 rev/min for five engine loads.The experimental results show that at low engine loads, the brake thermal efficiency decreases with increase in fumigation methanol; but at high loads, it slightly increases with increase in fumigation methanol. The fumigation method results in a significant increase in hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) emissions, but decrease in nitrogen oxides (NO_x), smoke opacity and the particulate mass concentration. For the submicron particles, the total number of particles decreases. In all cases, there is little change in geometrical mean diameter of the particles. After catalytic conversion, the HC, CO, NO₂, particulate mass and particulate number concentrations were significantly reduced at medium to high engine loads; while the geometrical mean diameter of the particles becomes larger. Thus, the combined use of fumigation methanol and diesel oxidation catalyst leads to a reduction of HC, CO, NO_x, particulate mass and particulate number concentrations at medium to high engine loads.     

A review of novel electrode materials and techniques for electro-Fenton process applied to the degradation of phenolic compounds

A major problem coming across humanity in the early 21st century is related to environmental crises, including shortage and pollution of water sources. For this reason, extensive studies have been conducted to find effective techniques for purifying water from industrial pollutants. Advanced oxidation process (AOP) has lately caught the attention of researchers, which is an efficient, clean and contemporary method to remedy wastewater effluents. However, primitive versions of AOP methods lacked several aspects like strict pH requirements and involvement of sediments, which is why further modifications to the technique have been developed, including an electrochemical catalytic degradation approach, namely, electro-Fenton and similar processes. This study will look through a set of novel papers investigating the application of various electrodes for the electrochemical treatment of solutions contaminated with phenol and phenolic compounds, which tried to address several shortcomings of more outdated practices and optimize the method for a set of different scenarios.     

Destruction of EDTA by mediated electrochemical oxidation process: monitoring by continuous CO2 measurements

The mediated electrochemical oxidation (MEO) process with cerium(IV) in nitric acid as the oxidizing medium was employed for the destruction of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in batch and continuous feeding modes. A complete mineralization of EDTA to CO(2) and water was achieved. The system parameters studied were the temperature (343, 353 and 368 K), concentration of nitric acid (2, 3 and 4M), Ce(IV) concentration (0.7-0.95 M), aqueous EDTA concentration (67-268 mM) , flow rate of EDTA addition (3.0-7.5 ml/min), and feeding time (30 min and 2h). The batch process CO(2) pattern clearly showed two distinct kinetic regimes. Accordingly the overall CO(2) formation rate constants were evaluated for fast and slow processes using pseudo first-order kinetics. In case of continuous organic feeding, the CO(2) formation rate constant was obtained using a new proposed mathematical procedure based on geometrical progression. The only parameter in the calculations was the first-order rate constant. The theoretical CO(2) evolution pattern was fitted on to the experimental data to obtain the formation rate constants. The activation energy was calculated based on the CO(2) formation constants and presented. The application of mathematical procedure predicted a steady-state attainment of CO(2) evolution for the destruction process during a long-term organic feeding and observed experimentally.