颈椎前路减压植骨钢板内固定治疗外伤性颈椎间盘突出症

目的探讨颈椎前路减压植骨钢板内固定治疗外伤性颈椎间盘突出症的疗效。方法2004年3月～2007年3月,对收治的27例外伤性颈椎间盘突出症患者行颈椎前路减压植骨钢板内固定治疗。结果本组患者均获随访,随访时间为5～15个月,平均11个月。植骨均达骨性愈合,平均愈合时间为11.2周,无骨不连发生。神经功能改善明显,优良率为92.59%。结论颈椎前路减压、椎间盘切除、植骨融合钢板内固定是治疗外伤性颈椎间盘突出症的一种有效方法。     

颈椎前路减压植骨钢板内固定治疗外伤性颈椎间盘突出症

目的 探讨颈椎前路减压植骨钢板内固定治疗外伤性颈椎间盘突出症的疗效。方法 对18例外伤性颈椎间盘突出症患者行颈椎前路减压植骨钢板内固定治疗。结果 3例失访,15例获随访的患者在15-17周内均获得牢固骨融合。神经功能改善依据JOA评定标准。优10例,良5例,中1例,无效2例。结论 颈椎前路开窗减压或椎体次全切除减压,植骨钢板内固定是治疗外伤性颈椎间盘突出症的有效方法。     

颈椎带锁钢板在急性颈椎间盘突出症中的应用

目的：探讨颈椎带锁钢板在急性颈椎间盘突出症的应用价值。方法：20例急性颈椎间盘突出症患者施行颈前路减压、自体髋骨植骨及颈椎带锁钢板内固定术。结果：20例均获得随访6-24个月，平均随访时间13个月。所有病例植骨完全愈合，无一例发生钢板螺钉松动、断裂等并发症，结论：颈椎前路带锁钢板应用于急性颈椎间盘突出症可显著提高植骨融合率，并可提供有效的固定节段稳定性。     

单间隙植骨融合术治疗外伤性颈椎间盘突出症

[目的]探讨颈前路减压单间隙植骨融合内固定术治疗外伤性颈椎间盘突出症的治疗效果.[方法]本组31例,均采用前路减压单间隙植骨融合内固定.[结果]本组病例均获随访,随访时间1～3年,平均2年.按Odom评分,优17例,良11例,满意3例,优良率90％.[结论]颈前路减压单间隙植骨融合内固定术是外伤性颈椎间盘突出症较好的治疗方法.     

经前路减压植骨融合内固定术治疗游离型颈椎间盘突出症

[目的]评价经前路减压植骨融合内固定术治疗游离型颈椎间盘突出症的临床疗效.[方法]对2004～2007年收治的21例游离型颈椎间盘突出症实施经前路减压椎体间植骨融合内固定术,对临床资料和手术疗效进行回顾性分析.[结果]随访8～42个月(平均23.6个月),所有患者术后6个月后摄颈椎X线正侧位片均提示骨性融合,无假关节形成、无钢板、螺钉松动、断裂等并发症,所有患者的JOA脊髓功能评分和颈肩痛VAS评分较术前改善明显(P<0.01).[结论]经前路减压椎体间植骨融合内固定术可以迅速、有效缓解症状,恢复神经功能,是一种简单、安全的手术治疗方法.     

椎间盘镜下颈前路减压植骨内固定治疗急性颈椎间盘突出症

目的探讨椎间盘镜下颈前路椎间盘切除减压、植骨融合内固定术治疗急性颈椎间盘突出症的疗效。方法急性颈椎间盘突出症19例,术前JOA评分为0~13分,平均8.1分。在全身麻醉下取颈前偏右侧横切口,通过枢法模METRX椎间盘镜,行椎间盘切除减压,植入自体髂骨、同种异体骨或异种骨,同时行颈前路钛钢板固定。结果切口均一期愈合,无一例发生植骨块滑动和内固定松动,椎间植骨全部融合,无并发症发生。术后1年时JOA评分0~17分,平均14.9分,改善率为76.4%。结论椎间盘镜下颈前路椎间盘切除减压植骨融合内固定术是一种创伤小、安全有效的技术,疗效满意。     

前路减压植骨钢板内固定治疗脊髓型颈椎病（32例报告）

[目的]分析经前路减压椎间植骨融合结合钢板内固定治疗脊髓型颈椎病的临床疗效.[方法]2002年2月～2008年4月,本院对32例脊髓型颈椎病患者行颈前路减压椎间植骨融合钢板内固定术.术后对临床结果进行JOA 评分;观察并发症情况;1、2、3、6、9、12个月摄片,观察植骨融合效果.[结果]32例获得6～24个月(平均15个月)的随访.JOA评分,术后症状明显缓解和消失,由术前7～10分(平均8.6分)恢复至术后12～14分(平均12.8分);平均植骨融合时间12周,植骨融合率100 %;1例术后3 h颈部血肿形成,切开引流后,症状缓解;1例术后1个月螺钉松动,延长颈围外固定时间至术后6个月,固定节段融合.[结论]颈前路减压椎间植骨融合结合钢板内固定治疗脊髓型颈椎病疗效确切,可以有效解除脊髓前方所受的压迫;显著提高植骨融合率,临床疗效满意.     

颈椎前路钢板加椎间融合器治疗外伤性颈椎间盘突出症

目的探讨颈椎前路钢板加椎间融合器治疗外伤性颈椎间盘突出症的疗效。方法对21例外伤性颈椎间盘突出症患者行颈椎前路钢板加椎间融合器治疗。结果患者均获随访,时间5～15个月。植骨均达骨性愈合,愈合时间12～22周。无骨不连发生。神经功能改善明显。根据JOA评分评定疗效:优16例,良4例,可1例。结论颈椎前路减压、椎间盘切除、钢板加椎间融合器治疗外伤性颈椎间盘突出症的疗效满意。     

颈椎间盘突出症前路减压植骨34例报告

目的：解除颈椎间盘突出所致脊髓，神经根或椎动脉压迫，恢复脊髓、神经根或椎动脉供血功能。方法：1995年12月-1999年12月，对34例颈椎间盘突出症患，采用颈前路间盘切除减压椎间植骨融合术。结果：术后经过6个月至36个月随访，椎间盘切除植骨融合病人均获得骨性愈合，脊髓、神经及椎动脉供血功能恢复满意。结论：前路减压椎间植骨融合是治疗颈椎间盘突出症的较好方式。     

颈椎前路减压钢板内固定治疗外伤性颈椎间盘突出症

目的　探讨颈椎前路减压钢板内固定对于外伤性颈椎间盘突出症的疗效。方法　对 2 5例 2 0 0 0年 3月～2 0 0 2年 5月行颈椎前路减压钢板内固定治疗外伤性颈椎间盘突出症患者的临床资料及手术治疗结果进行回顾性分析。结果　 19例获随访的患者在 12～ 15周内均获得牢固骨融合 ,无骨不连发生。神经功能改善依据JOA评定标准 ,优 (改善率 >75 % ) 18例 ,良 (改善率 5 0 %～ 74 % ) 3例 ,中 (改善率 2 5 %～ 4 9% ) 2例 ,无效 (改善率 <2 5 % ) 2例。结论　颈椎前路开窗减压或椎体次全切除减压、植骨钢板内固定是治疗外伤性颈椎间盘突出症行之有效的方法     

Anterior cervical foramenotomy for cervical radiculopathy

Anterior cervical discectomy (ACD) is standard practice for cervical radiculopathy. Irrespective of the precise method used, it involves more or less complete disc removal with resultant anatomical and biomechanical derangements, and frequently the insertion of a bone or prosthetic graft. Anterior cervical foramenotomy is an alternative procedure that allows effective anterior decompression of the nerve root and lateral spinal cord, whilst conserving the native disc, preserving normal anatomy and movement, and protecting against later degeneration at adjacent spaces as far as possible. The aim of the study was to determine the safety and efficacy of anterior cervical foramenotomy in the treatment of cervical radiculopathy and took the form of a prospective study of 21 cases under the care of a single surgeon. All patients had a single level or two level anterior cervical foramenotomy. All had pre- and postoperative visual analogue scores for arm and neck pain, arm strength, sensation and overall use. A comparison between patients' perceptions and surgeon's observations was also made. Patients were followed up for between 10 and 36 months. Sixty-eight per cent completed full pre- and postoperative assessments. Twenty-eight per cent of the responders had complete arm pain resolution. There were statistically significant reductions in arm and neck pain, and overall disability. The surgeon's impression of improvement paralleled that of the patients. There was one complication with discitis. Anterior cervical foramenotomy is a safe and effective treatment for cervical radiculopathy caused by posterolateral cervical disc prolapse or uncovertebral osteophyte, and might also reduce adjacent segment degeneration.     

Alternating cervical laminoplasty for cervical spondylotic myelopathy

We present a novel method of performing an 'open-door' cervical laminoplasty. The complete laminotomy is sited on alternate sides at successive levels, thereby allowing the posterior arch to be elevated to alternate sides. Foraminotomies can be carried out on either side to relieve root compression. The midline structures are preserved. We undertook this procedure in 23 elderly patients with a spondylotic myelopathy. Each was assessed clinically and radiologically before and after their operation. Follow-up was for a minimum of three years (mean 4.5 years; 3 to 7). Using the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association scoring system, the mean pre-operative score was 8.1 (6 to 10), which improved post-operatively to a mean of 12.7 (11 to 14). The mean percentage improvement was 61% (50% to 85.7%) after three years. The canal/vertebral body ratio improved from a mean of 0.65 (0.33 to 0.73) pre-operatively to 0.94 (0.5 to 1.07) postoperatively. Alternating cervical laminoplasty can be performed safely in elderly patients with minimal morbidity and good results.     

微创前路经上位椎体椎间孔减压术治疗神经根型颈椎病

【摘要】 目的：探讨微创前路经上位椎体椎间孔减压术治疗神经根型颈椎病的有效性。方法：2008年7月~2010年7月12例单侧神经根型颈椎病患者在延边大学医院接受微创前路经上位椎体椎间孔减压术。其中男7例,女5例,年龄为35~68岁,平均49岁。椎间孔狭窄部位：C5/6 4例,C6/7 5例,C7/T1 3例。软性髓核突出3例,钩椎关节骨质增生7例,突出的髓核钙化2例。均行前路手术,术中采用脊柱手术专用显微镜,在病变上位椎体确定钻孔起始部位,利用高速钻石气钻磨出一约6mm直径的通路达到病变区域,减压椎间孔。观察术前及末次随访时上肢放射性疼痛的VAS评分、颈椎功能障碍指数（NDI）及病变水平椎间盘高度。结果：手术时间为56~110min,平均86±6min;术中失血量为40~120ml,平均92±8ml。无椎动脉损伤、贺纳氏综合征、喉返神经损伤等并发症。术后随访时间为12~23个月,平均15.8±1.3个月。术前上肢疼痛VAS评分为8.5±0.5分（7~10分）,末次随访时为1.4±0.2分（0~3分）,两者比较有显著性差异（P<0.05）;术前NDI为26.4±1.3分（22~31分）,末次随访时为4.2±0.6分（3~8分）,两者比较有显著性差异（P<0.05）,改善率为84.1%;术前病变水平椎间盘高度为5.4±0.7mm（4.2~6.1mm）,末次随访时为4.9±0.7mm（3.6~5.8mm）,两者比较无显著性差异（P>0.05）。术后满意度为100%。结论：微创前路经上位椎体椎间孔减压术可减少对椎间盘的损伤,是治疗单侧神经根型颈椎病的有效手术方法。     

Posterior cervical laminoplasty formultilevel cervical spine stenosis

Cervical laminoplasty for treating multilevel spinal stenosis appears to be a good surgical alternative to the more traditional laminectomy or anterior decompression and fusion. This procedure avoids the morbidity associated with extensive anterior procedures and also appears not to be associated with late kyphosis, which can be seen in patients after a laminectomy. This review outlines the rationale, indications, contraindications, and early clinical results for patients undergoing a posterior laminoplasty.     

Anterior cervical microforaminotomy for cervical radiculopathy--results and review

Analysis of anterior cervical microforaminotomy performed at the North Staffordshire University Hospital along with a review of literature of this minimally invasive procedure is presented. METHODS: A retrospective-prospective study was performed on 34 patients (24 males, 10 females) with cervical disc disease who had been surgically treated with anterior cervical microforaminotomy between 1999 and 2005. Age ranged from 37 to 75. MRI findings were disc prolapse in 28 and additional osteophytes in six. Microforaminotomy was performed according to the published technique. RESULTS: Single level operations were performed in 22 patients (21 unilateral, 1 bilateral) and multi-level operations were performed in 12 patients (7 unilateral and 5 bilateral). The short-term outcomes were excellent in 65% (i.e., complete resolution of all symptoms), good in 29% (relief of radiculopathy but some non-radicular discomfort persists), and fair in 6% (mild residual radiculopathy with or without non-radicular symptoms). Postoperative complications include one patient with partial C6 root damage, which was identified intraoperatively, but had excellent results at 2 months post operation. Long-term follow-up (using the cervical spine research society questionnaire) ranged from 2-48 months. The average pain score, neurological outcome and functional outcome improved after this operation. RE-OPERATION: One patient, who had 2 level bilateral surgeries, needed discectomies with fusion for new onset myelopathy 18 months later. CONCLUSION: Appropriate patient selection is cardinal in achieving good outcome in anterior microforaminotomy.     

Postoperative instability of cervical OPLL and cervical radiculomyelopathy

The presence of cervical spine instability with respect to preoperative and postoperative changes in angular, horizontal, and rotational displacement of the vertebral body were studied. With the anterior approach, the instability in the remaining unfused segments, and their relation to the kyphotic or lordotic fused segment were studied. With the posterior approach, postoperative ROM (range of motion) could be better maintained, and horizontal displacement was improved in more cases by laminoplasty compared with laminectomy. With the anterior approach, the compensatory function for the loss of motion of the segments resulting from fusion was most remarkable at the levels of C2-3 and C6-7. In the alignment of the anterior fused segments, it appears important that the physiologic lordotic position be maintained.     

前路颈椎椎间盘切除融合术与动态装置植入术治疗单节段颈椎椎间盘突出症

目的对比前路颈椎椎间盘切除融合术(ACDF)与颈椎前路动态装置植入术(DCI)对单节段颈椎椎间盘突出症(CDH)患者颈椎活动度(ROM)及术后颈椎曲度的影响。方法回顾性分析2018年6月—2019年9月海军军医大学长征医院收治的78例单节段CDH患者临床资料,其中42例采用ACDF治疗(ACDF组),36例采用DCI治疗(DCI组)。记录并比较2组患者手术时间、术中出血量,术前及术后1年日本骨科学会(JOA)评分、疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、手术节段Cobb角、C2~7颈椎曲度、邻近椎体高度及颈椎各运动方向(前屈后伸、左右侧曲、左右旋转)的ROM。结果所有手术顺利完成。2组术中出血量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。DCI组手术时间比ACDF组短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者术后1年JOA评分、VAS评分和邻近椎体高度均较术前改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1年ACDF组C2~7颈椎曲度、手术节段Cobb角均较术前有所丢失,DCI组无明显丢失,组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1年2组前屈后伸、左右侧曲ROM与术前比较均未出现明显变化,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1年2组左右旋转ROM出现了相近程度的受限,与术前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论ACDF与DCI治疗单节段CDH均可获得满意的临床效果,虽然ACDF术后影像学资料显示有生理曲度的丢失,但颈椎ROM维持良好,并不影响患者的生活质量。     

Percutaneous cervical nucleoplasty and percutaneous cervical discectomy treatments of the contained cervical disc herniation

Background  

There were no studies in literature to compare the clinical outcomes of percutaneous nucleoplasty (PCN) and percutaneous cervical discectomy (PCD) in contained cervical disc herniation.     

颈椎不稳在交感型颈椎病发病中的作用

目的：研究交感型颈椎病的病理因素及治疗方法。方法：回顾分析了1988-2000年收治的20例手术治疗的交感型颈椎病患者。根据术前及术后颈椎伸屈侧位X光片判断有无颈椎不稳。结果：20例患者术前均有颈椎不稳,颈椎不稳主要发生在C3-C4和C4-C5,颈椎高位硬膜外封闭对大部分患者有短期效果。每例患者均于不稳节段行颈前路融合术,手术有效率为90％。结论：颈椎不稳是导致交感型颈椎病发病的重要因素;颈椎高位硬膜外封闭可有短期疗效因此具有重要的诊断价值;颈椎前路植骨融合术是治疗交感型颈椎病的有效方法。