N-乙酰半胱氨酸修饰CdTe量子点的合成及其用于二价铜离子检测的研究

利用"一锅法"合成N-乙酰半胱氨酸修饰的CdTe量子点,并利用紫外-可见分光光度法和荧光光谱法对其进行表征。根据CdTe量子点与Cu~(2+)反应发生荧光淬灭的原理来检测水体中Cu~(2+)的浓度。研究表明,CdTe量子点荧光淬灭程度与Cu~(2+)离子浓度有很好的线性关系,该方法检测Cu~(2+)离子的下限浓度为6.59×10~(-9)mol/L。本研究建立了一种灵敏快速测定Cu~(2+)的方法。     

CdTe/CdS量子点荧光猝灭法测定十六烷基三甲基溴化铵

以巯基乙酸为稳定剂,在水溶液中合成了CdTe/CdS量子点,基于十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)与CdTe/CdS量子点的荧光猝灭作用,建立了用CdTe/CdS量子点作为荧光探针测定水中微量十六烷基三甲基溴化铵的新方法。考察了缓冲溶液、pH和量子点浓度等因素对体系荧光强度的影响。结果表明,在pH为6.8的磷酸二氢钾-硼砂缓冲溶液中,当CdTe/CdS量子点浓度为3.75×10-4mol/L时,体系的相对荧光强度与十六烷基三甲基溴化铵的浓度在5.49×10-7~4.12×10-5mol/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 7,检出限为5.43×10-8mol/L。方法应用于水中微量十六烷基三甲基溴化铵测定,回收率在96.7%~101.7%。     

荧光性纳米金CdTe自组装膜制备及其对汞离子识别

采用水相合成法,以巯基乙酸作为稳定剂,直接在水相中合成碲化鎘(CdTe)量子点,以壳聚糖为中介,借助化学键吸附作用,间接将CdTe量子点组装在纳米金自组装膜表面上,对该膜最佳组装条件及其荧光性能探讨,并将膜用于汞离子检测。实验结果表明,纳米金CdTe自组装膜的荧光强度随着加入汞离子浓度的增大而发生猝灭,汞离子在0~16×10~(–8)g/L浓度范围内,CdTe自组装膜与其呈现良好线性关系,相关系数为0.9991,检出限为1.56×10~(–10)g/L,该膜具有稳定性好、灵敏度高、可再生等优点。并应用此方法对水样中痕量汞检测,发现3个样品中汞离子含量均未超标,样品加标回收率是96.5%~98%,该方法适用于痕量汞的分析测定。     

ZnS量子点荧光探针对Pb~(2+)的检测研究

以L-半胱氨酸修饰ZnS量子点为荧光探针,测定火腿肠中Pb~(2+)含量。对ZnS量子点进行了UV、IR、荧光性能表征。研究了酸度、ZnS量子点浓度对体系荧光强度的影响,最佳测定条件为pH 8,L-半胱氨酸-ZnS量子点(L-ZnS量子点)浓度为1.0×10~(-6)mol/L。基于Pb~(2+)浓度对体系的荧光猝灭效应,实现对Pb~(2+)的定量检测,Pb~(2+)浓度在1.0×10~(-7)~4.5×10~(-5)mol/L范围内与体系的荧光强度线性关系良好,R2=0.984 7,检出限(3σ/S)为3.7×10~(-8)mol/L。线性方程为F0/F=88.14-14.05cPb~(2+),RSD=5.4%(n=6)。该方法简便、灵敏度高,可应用到检测Pb~(2+)诸多方面。     

硒化镉量子点的合成及其对痕量铅离子的检测研究

研究制备了L-半胱氨酸(L-cys)修饰的硒化镉(Cd Se)量子点,并以该量子点为荧光探针检测水中痕量Pb~(2+)。考察了量子点浓度(5.2×10~(-3)~5.2×10-5 mol×L~(-1))、反应时间(0~75 min)、pH(7.3~9)和干扰离子(Na~+、K~+、Ca~(2+)等)等因素对Pb~(2+)测定的影响。研究发现,当量子点的浓度为5.2×10-4 mol×L~(-1),pH值为8.0,反应时间为30 min时,检测效果最优,此条件下Pb~(2+)的检测线性区间为0.05~10 mg×L~(-1),检出限为0.02 mg×L~(-1)。     

KMnO_4-L-cys包覆ZnCdSe量子点化学发光对头孢羟氨苄的测定

试验发现KMnO4可氧化L-cys包覆ZnCdSe量子点产生强烈的化学发光现象,而头孢羟氨苄对该体系的化学发光具有很强的抑制作用,基于此,首次建立了头孢羟氨苄的流动注射化学发光抑制分析法。结果表明,发光信号的降低值ΔΙ与头孢羟氨苄的浓度在2.1×10-9~1.6×10-5g/mL的范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为1.7×10-9g/mL。对1×10-5g/mL头孢羟氨苄测定的相对标准偏差为1.89%(n=11),加标回收率在95%~103%之间。本方法快捷、简便且具有很高的灵敏度,可用于头孢羟氨苄的测定,结果满意。     

纳米氧化铜/石墨烯修饰电极的制备及对H_2O_2的检测

采用电化学方法在玻碳电极上修饰石墨烯及纳米氧化铜,制备了纳米氧化铜/石墨烯修饰电极(nanoCuO/ERGO/GCE)。研究了纳米氧化铜/石墨烯修饰电极的电化学性质。该修饰电极在氢氧化钠溶液中,低电位下(0.08V)可催化氧化过氧化氢。在2.3×10-5~3.0×10-3mol/L和3.0×10-3~8.3×10-3mol/L浓度范围内,过氧化氢的响应电流与浓度呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数分别为0.9943和0.9972,检测限为6.96×10-6mol/L(三倍噪音法)。     

荧光碳量子点测定替硝唑的应用研究

替硝唑对碳量子点的荧光具有明显的猝灭作用,在pH值=7.10的PBS缓冲溶液中,碳量子点的荧光猝灭强度与替硝唑浓度在8.0×10~(-7)～2.0×10~(-5) mol/L范围内呈线性,相关系数为0.9992,方法检出限为2.3×10~(-7) mol/L。该方法用于样品中替硝唑的测定,回收率为96.2%～101.8%。通过比对碳量子点和碳量子点-替硝唑体系的荧光寿命和吸收光谱的变化以及改变温度环境后体系猝灭常数的变化趋势,确定该碳量子点与替硝唑的猝灭机理为动态猝灭。     

流动注射-化学发光法测定氯霉素

基于碱性介质中,氯霉素对H2O2-鲁米诺化学发光体系有增敏作用,结合流动注射分析,建立了一种流动注射-化学发光法灵敏检测氯霉素的方法。结果表明,最佳实验条件为:流路选择氯霉素和KMnO4先混合,再注入鲁米诺(NaOH)溶液中;氧化剂选择H2O2,其浓度为6.0×10-4mol/L;鲁米诺中NaOH的浓度为8.0×10-5mol/L;鲁米诺浓度为1.0×10-4mol/L;选择混合管长度为5 cm。在最佳条件下,该方法检测氯霉素的线性范围为8.0×10-8~1.0×10-5g/mL,检出限(3σ)为5×10-8g/mL,对5×10-7g/mL氯霉素进行11次平行测定,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.3%。用该法对氯霉素胶囊中氯霉素的含量进行了测定。     

多巴胺的纸基检测——负载ZnO量子点的细菌纤维素复合膜

以γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(ATPES)为表面修饰剂,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备水溶性的ZnO量子点。以细菌纤维素(BC)为基体,采用物理吸附法制备了负载ZnO量子点的BC复合膜。采用紫外-可见光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、荧光光谱仪、透射电子显微镜对材料的结构和性能进行了表征,并用于多巴胺的荧光检测,得出荧光猝灭方程中的猝灭常数K_(sv)=3.18×10~5L/mol,检测限为6.5×10~(-8)mol/L,并分析了荧光猝灭的反应机制。     

Anodic electrogenerated chemiluminescence of quantum dots: size and stabilizer matter

The electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) is generally believed to be independent of particle sizes or the capping agents used. Herein, we demonstrate that CdTe QDs with different sizes and stabilizers evidently exhibit different ECL behavior in aqueous solution. The ECL of CdTe QDs stabilized by 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) displays two waves at potentials of about +1.17 V and +1.74 V vs. Ag/AgCl, respectively. ECL spectra confirm that the ECL of QDs is attributed to their band gap luminescence, in which the peak positions are changed with QD sizes. The ECL mechanism of CdTe QDs involves superoxide radical generation by reduction of dissolved oxygen at lower potential or water splitting at higher potential. Direct evidence for superoxide radicals in this medium was obtained via electron spin resonance (ESR) experiments. In comparison, the 2-mercaptoethylamine (MEA)-capped CdTe QDs did not exhibit any ECL in air-saturated pH 7.4 PBS. Both ESR and X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS) experiments revealed that amine groups in MEA-capped QDs were responsible for the absence of ECL. The reaction of an amine group with a superoxide radical leads to the quenching of ECL. The ECL quenching of MPA-capped CdTe QDs was further used to detect melamine. Under the optimum conditions, the inhibited ECL was linear with the logarithm of concentration of melamine within the concentration range of 10(-9) to 10(-5) M and the detection limit was found to be 6.74 × 10(-10) M, which was 100-100?000 times lower than that of the most previous methods.     

水性CdTe量子点在肝癌细胞标记中的应用

采用一种简单的合成方法,用空气中稳定性良好的亚碲酸钠为前体,合成了高质量的CdTe量子点,发射范围从520～620 nm可调,最佳实验条件下发光效率达40%以上。用叶酸修饰的CdTe量子点作为荧光探针,成功标记肝癌细胞,实验结果表明,通过叶酸偶联的CdTe量子点,能有效进入肿瘤细胞内部。     

表面修饰CdTe量子点的合成及其光学特性

在水相中合成高发光性能的CdTe量子点,研究以巯基乙酸(TGA)为稳定剂对CdTe表面进行修饰,制备在水中分散性良好的纳米晶,通过对CdTe量子点合成反应条件的摸索,掌握了其合成的反应规律.同时用紫外分光光度计、荧光分光光度计和透射电子显微镜对其进行了表征.结果表明,回流时间、n(Cd2+):n(HTe-)、反应物浓度、TGA用量、反应体系pH值,对纳米晶的光学性质具有显著影响.回流2 h制得的CdTe纳米粒子直径约为5 nm,其发射峰窄且对称,表现出良好稳定的光学性质.     

CdTe/CdS核壳量子点的合成和指纹检测研究

本文用水相合成法分别合成了巯基乙酸和谷胱甘肽修饰的CdTe/CdS量子点,讨论了不同反应时间对量子点大小的影响。发现随着回流时间延长量子点的粒径逐渐变大,其荧光发射及吸收峰位置也发生相应的红移,从而量子点发光颜色呈现递变。鉴于量子点这一优良的发光特性,将其应用于光滑客体表面潜在指纹的显现,结果表明此方法灵敏度高,简便,快速。     

Enhanced electrochemiluminescence of CdTe quantum dots with carbon nanotube film and its sensing of methimazole

A novel analytical method was reported based on electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of CdTe quantum dots (QDs) using carbon nanotube (CNT) modified glass carbon (GC) electrode. It was found that the CNT film on the GC electrode could greatly enhance the ECL intensity of CdTe QDs dispersed in aqueous solution, and the ECL peak potential and ECL onset potential both shifted positively. Influences of some factors on the ECL intensity were investigated using CNT modified GC electrode, and a high sensitive method for the determination of methimazole was developed under the optimal conditions. The ECL intensity decreased linearly in the concentration range of 1.0 × 10⁻⁹ to 4.0 × 10⁻⁷ M for methimazole with the relative coefficient of 0.995, which showed finer sensitivity than that at bare electrode. Thus, CNT modified electrode would have a great merit to expand the application of QD ECL.     

Facile preparation of highly luminescent CdTe quantum dots within hyperbranched poly(amidoamine)s and their application in bio-imaging

A new strategy for facile preparation of highly luminescent CdTe quantum dots (QDs) within amine-terminated hyperbranched poly(amidoamine)s (HPAMAM) was proposed in this paper. CdTe precursors were first prepared by adding NaHTe to aqueous Cd²⁺ chelated by 3-mercaptopropionic sodium (MPA-Na), and then HPAMAM was introduced to stabilize the CdTe precursors. After microwave irradiation, highly fluorescent and stable CdTe QDs stabilized by MPA-Na and HPAMAM were obtained. The CdTe QDs showed a high quantum yield (QY) up to 58%. By preparing CdTe QDs within HPAMAM, the biocompatibility properties of HPAMAM and the optical, electrical properties of CdTe QDs can be combined, endowing the CdTe QDs with biocompatibility. The resulting CdTe QDs can be directly used in biomedical fields, and their potential application in bio-imaging was investigated.     

CdTe量子点的纯化以及作为pH探针的研究

以巯基乙酸为稳定剂在水相中合成了CdTe量子点,并将合成的CdTe量子点进行表征、纯化。通过用0.05 mol.L-1PBS缓冲溶液调节不同的pH来考察量子点的荧光强度和pH的关系。研究发现,水溶性的CdTe量子点是pH敏感的,随着pH值的降低,量子点荧光强度的下降规律与溶液pH值呈现良好的线性关系。结果表明,CdTe量子点是一个令人满意的pH敏感的探针,有潜在的化学和生物传感能力。     

Luminescent properties of CdTe quantum dots synthesized using 3-mercaptopropionic acid reduction of tellurium dioxide directly

A facile one-step synthesis of CdTe quantum dots (QDs) in aqueous solution by atmospheric microwave reactor has been developed using 3-mercaptopropionic acid reduction of TeO₂ directly. The obtained CdTe QDs were characterized by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, fluorescent spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, multifunctional imaging electron spectrometer (XPS), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Green- to red-emitting CdTe QDs with a maximum photoluminescence quantum yield of 56.68% were obtained.     

水溶性CdTe量子点的制备和表面修饰及表征

近年来,半导体纳米晶CdTe引起人们越来越多的关注。它具有吸收光谱宽,发射光谱窄而对称,发光颜色可调,荧光强度和光稳定性高等特点,已经广泛用于生物标记,生物传感及生物检测领域。尤其在基于荧光共振能量转移原理的生物传感领域,量子点有望取代有机荧光发色基团作为能量供体。在文章实验中,以巯基丙酸(MPA)作为稳定剂,在水相中合成了CdTe量子点,并考察了回流时间,反应温度,溶液pH对CdTe光学性质的影响。利用透射电子显微镜(TEM),荧光分光光度计(FS)等手段对产物进行分析和表征。结果表明:在pH为9.1,反应温度为30℃,回流5 h,可以实现CdTe的优化合成。在紫外灯(254 nm)照射下,回流时间从1 h到7 h所得到的CdTe量子点,颜色由绿色变到黄色,对应的荧光光谱图的吸收峰位从515 nm(回流1 h)红移到573 nm(回流7 h),证实了CdTe量子点的尺寸随着回流时间的增长而增加。由TEM结果,所合成的CdTe量子点分散性好,且粒径大约在5 nm左右。该本实验制备的CdTe量子点具有较高的荧光强度和量子效率,将在生物标记,生物传感,生物成像等领域有重要作用。     

Photoluminescence of CdTe quantum dots ligated with caprylic acid synthesized at low temperature

Photoluminescent semiconductor nanocrystals or quantum dots (QDs) are usually produced using expensive ligands and solvents at high temperature above 280°C to ensure high-quality optical properties, particularly the photoluminescence of QDs. The reproducibility of highly stable photoluminescence in QD preparation, in most cases, varies depending on many effects, such as the ligand used and temperature. Here a facile preparation of photoluminescent semiconductor CdTe nanocrystals or quantum dots (QDs) is conducted in the presence of caprylic acid at moderate temperatures between 80–140°C, which are much lower than the high temperatures used in conventional organic-phase preparation of CdTe QDs. The results show that the optical properties of CdTe QDs depend considerably on the reaction time, temperature and ligand used.