慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者死亡率影响因素研究

目的 :探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾急性加重(AECOPD)患者死亡的危险因素,为降低AECOPD病死率提供依据。方法 :选择我院2013年1月至12月期间就诊的AECOPD患者126例,根据住院期间是否发生死亡分为死亡组(36例)和非死亡组(90例)。比较2组患者人口学特征、血常规、肺功能、血气分析、C反应蛋白(CRP)等相关指标;采用Logistic回归分析影响AECOPD患者死亡率的独立危险因素。结果 :死亡组患者COPD综合评级高风险比例、CRP水平、血红蛋白计数、白蛋白水平、淋巴细胞计数、PaCO2、合并缺血性心脏病和肺心病与对照组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高C反应蛋白(OR=3.126,95%CI=1.345~7.265)、高碳酸血症(OR=3.012,95%CI=1.234~7.352)、低淋巴细胞计数(OR=2.341,95%CI=1.084~5.056)、慢性肺源性心脏病(OR=2.510,95%CI=1.203~5.237)是住院AECOPD患者发生死亡的独立危险因素。结论:高CRP、高碳酸血症、低淋巴细胞计数、并发慢性肺源性心脏病是影响住院AECOPD患者发生死亡的独立危险因素。     

不同类型高脂血症患者血清瘦素、脂联素水平变化

目的:检测不同类型高脂血症患者血清瘦素、脂联素水平变化,了解不同类型高脂血症的发病机理。方法:613例高脂血症患者,按照其高脂血症类型,将胆固醇(TC)≥6.22 mmol/L患者其纳入高TC组,将甘油三酯(TG)≥2.26 mmol/L患者纳入高TG组,将高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)<1.04 mmol/L患者纳入低HDL-C组,将高TC、TG患者纳入混合组,并选取同期150名健康体检者做对照组。检测各组受试者肝功能指标、肾功能指标、血脂、血糖、血清瘦素及脂联素水平,分析血清瘦素、脂联素水平变化的相关性。结果:高TC组TC、LDL-C高于对照组,高TG组TG、HDL-C高于对照组,低HDL-C组HDL-C低于对照组,混合组TC、TG、LDL-C、FPG高于对照组,其HDL-C低于后者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各组ALT高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高TC组血清瘦素、脂联素水平低于其他各组,低LDL-C组血清瘦素、脂联素水平高于其他各组,高TG组瘦素水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关性分析显示各组受试者血清瘦素与脂联素水平均呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:不同类型高脂血症患者血清瘦素、脂联素水平存在差异,其水平的动态变化及相互制约可能是导致患者血脂水平、FPG、肝肾功能变化的重要原因。     

血清IGF-1、IL-17与妊娠糖尿病、新生儿体重相关性

目的:研究母婴胰岛素生长因子-1(IGF-1)、白细胞介素-17(IL-17)与妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)胰岛素抵抗(IR)及新生儿体重之间相关性。方法 :随机抽取足月分娩GDM孕妇42例为研究组,随机选取同期住院分娩28例正常孕妇为对照组,比较两组孕妇及新生儿血清IGF-1、IL-17水平与胰岛素抵抗指数、新生儿体重之间关系。结果 :两组孕妇、新生儿血清IGF-1含量差异具统计学意义,孕妇血清中的IL-17含量差异具统计学意义,但脐血清中IL-17水平比较无明显差异性,孕妇血清中IL-17表达则与HOMA-IR呈正相关,IGF-1表达与HOMA-IR呈负相关;孕妇血清中的IGF-1、脐血清中IL-17表达与新生儿体重呈负相关;孕妇血清中的IL-17、脐血清中IGF-1表达与新生儿体重呈正相关。结论 :母婴血清中IGF-1、IL-17属于两个相对独立又具有一定关联性系统,且均与GDM中IR存在关联性。     

妊娠期糖尿病产妇产后发生糖尿病的危险因素研究

研究妊娠期糖尿病产妇产后发生糖尿病的危险因素,为妊娠期糖尿病孕妇预防糖尿病提供理论依据。选择中山市小榄人民医院2017年6月至2022年6月期间收治的100例妊娠期糖尿病产妇为研究对象,以产妇产后随访3个月内是否发生糖尿病将产妇分为非糖尿病组(n=60)和糖尿病组(n=40),收集患者妊娠期临床资料,采用多因素logistic探究妊娠期糖尿病产妇发生糖尿病的危险因素。糖尿病组妊娠期糖尿病产妇妊娠期体重、体脂肪健康指数、妊娠期空腹血糖、糖尿病家族史比例均高于非糖尿病组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,妊娠期体重(OR=1.260)、妊娠期空腹血糖(OR=1.751)、妊娠前糖尿病家族史(OR=8.127)、体脂肪健康指数(OR=1.157)是妊娠期糖尿病产妇产后发生糖尿病的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。妊娠期体重、妊娠期空腹血糖、妊娠前糖尿病家族史、体脂肪健康指数是妊娠期糖尿病产妇产后发生糖尿病的独立危险因素,妊娠期间应对妊娠期糖尿病产妇进行饮食控制,降低血糖,适当提升其日常运动量,利于产后预防糖尿病。     

左卡尼汀联合辛伐他汀治疗老年冠心病合并2型糖尿病疗效观察

目的:观察左卡尼汀联合辛伐他汀治疗老年冠心病合并2型糖尿病的临床疗效。方法:选择2012年1月-2013年12月间收治的105例老年冠心病合并糖尿病患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表分为观察组(54例)和对照组(51例),对糖尿病和冠心病均给予对症治疗,对照组在此基础上予辛伐他汀调脂治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加服左卡尼汀口服液,3个月后对比2组血脂水平、心功能与冠心病疗效。结果:治疗3个月后,2组总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)水平均较入组时明显降低,观察组TC(5.17±0.95)mmol/L vs.(5.65±0.90)mmol/L、TG(1.84±0.45)mmol/L vs.(2.07±0.49)mmol/L、LDL-C(2.39±0.54)mmol/L vs.(2.59±0.48)mmol/L水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组左室收缩末径(LVSD)较入组时明显降低,左室射血分数(LVEF)明显升高,观察组LVSD(43.4±4.6)mm低于对照组(45.5±4.9)mm,LVEF(49.1±6.3)%高于对照组(46.6±5.7)%,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组冠心病治疗显效率(61.1%)与总体有效率(96.3%)均高于对照组水平(41.2%、86.3%),显效率差异有统计学意义(c2=4.173 P=0.041)。2组不良反应发生率(18.5%vs.11.8%)差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.926 P=0.336)。结论:单中心研究表明,在对老年冠心病联合2型糖尿病患者行调脂治疗基础上联合应用左卡尼汀能进一步降低血脂水平,且能提高心脏射血功能,减少心绞痛次数,不良反应较轻可控。     

不同年龄段妊娠期糖尿病孕妇血小板和凝血参数变化特点及对母儿近期并发症影响

目的 :比较分析妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇不同年龄段血小板和凝血参数的变化特点。方法 :随机抽取GDM组孕妇395例和正常组孕妇471例,两组孕妇再分为三个年龄段组:≤29岁组,30～34岁组,≥35岁以上组。检测孕妇外周血的血小板计数(PLT)、平均血小板体积(MPV)、血小板分布宽度(PDW)、凝血酶时间(TT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血酶时间(APTT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)等,以及围产期胎膜早破、羊水过少、胎儿窘迫等不良并发症资料的收集。结果:GDM孕妇与正常孕妇PT、FIB和MPV之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。GDM孕妇与正常孕妇各年龄段各参数之间存在差异:≤29岁GDM孕妇FIB、MPV与正常组孕妇相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),30～34岁GDM孕妇FIB与正常组孕妇相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),≥35岁GDM孕妇PT与正常组孕妇相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。GDM孕妇与正常孕妇参数异常率中FIB异常率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。≤29岁和30～34岁GDM孕妇FIB异常率显著高于相应年龄组正常孕妇,≥35岁GDM孕妇与对照组相比差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。GDM孕妇和正常孕妇围产期胎膜早破、羊水过少、胎儿窘迫不良并发症的发生差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 :GDM孕妇血小板和凝血参数与正常孕妇相比部分参数差异有统计学意义。GDM孕妇部分参数在30岁左右就存在显著变化。做好妊娠期糖尿病孕妇的孕期保健,可减少妊娠不良结局。     

高尿酸血症对糖尿病患者肾功能的影响及其易患因素

目的:分析糖尿病合并高尿酸血症对患者肾功能的影响,总结易患高尿酸血症的原因。方法:227例2型糖尿病患者按照血尿酸水平分别纳入高尿酸血症组(n=57)、血尿酸正常组(n=170),比较两组患者肾功能指标以及年龄、病程等基线临床资料,运用Logistic多因素回归分析,总结糖尿病患者高尿酸血症的易患因素。结果:高尿酸血症组SCr、BUN高于血尿酸正常组,其eGFR低于后者,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果血尿酸与SCr(r=0.707)、BUN(r=0.529)呈正相关,与eGFR(r=-0.745)呈负相关(P<0.05)。除SCr、BUN、eGFR外,两组患者空腹血糖(FPG)、甘油三酯(TG)及高血压患病率比较,差异亦具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果 SCr≥110μmol/L、BUN<7.0 mmol/L、eGFR<90 mL/min·1.73m~(-2)、合并高血压是糖尿病患者高尿酸血症的独立易患因素,FPG<7.0 mmol/L、TG<1.7 mmol/L为保护因素(P<0.05)。结论:高尿酸血症可引发糖尿病患者肾功能损伤的发生,而肾功能损伤的加剧可进一步影响高尿酸血症病情,注重血糖水平的改善及血脂水平的调节,对于糖尿病患者高尿酸血症及肾脏并发症的预防具有积极意义。     

妊娠期超声测量内脏脂肪厚度和血糖相关性

目的 :探讨内脏脂肪厚度与妊娠期血糖水平的相关性。方法 :采取病例对照研究,孕24～28周时通过75g葡萄糖耐量试验筛查出(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)患者51例为GDM组,血糖调节正常的51例孕妇为对照组(NC组)。检测记录身高、腹围、胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度胆固醇(HDL-C)、空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS),超声测量内脏脂肪厚度。比较2组指标差异,计算内脏脂肪厚度与空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)和胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)的相关性。结果 :GDM组和NC组的年龄、BMI、腹围、TG、TC、HDL、LDL比较,差异无统计学意义P> 0.05。2组内脏脂肪组织厚度、FBG、FINS、HOMA-IR差异有统计学意义,P <0.05,2组皮下深层脂肪和皮下浅层脂肪厚度组间差异无统计学意义,P> 0.05。内脏脂肪厚度与FBG、FINS、HOMA-IR正相关,相关系数分别为0.877、0.746、0.808。结论 :孕妇内脏脂肪厚度与GDM血糖变化具有相关性,以超声测量内脏脂肪厚度对GDM的早期筛查具有一定价值。     

缺血性脑卒中患者复发相关危险因素分析研究

目的 探究缺血性脑卒中合并高血压患者脑卒中复发的影响因素。方法 选取蒙城县第一人民医院2015年1月至2023年7月住院治疗的200例缺血性脑卒中合并高血压患者为研究对象,根据脑卒中是否复发来分为复发组(n=43)和非复发组(n=157)。对比分析两组患者一般资料、既往史、血脂等。采用多因素Logistic回归分析探究缺血性脑卒中合并高血压患者脑卒中复发的影响因素。结果 复发组高血压史、高脂血症史、吸烟史比例、甘油三酯(TG)水平、体力活动不足史比例高于非复发组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,高血压史(OR=3.150)、吸烟史(OR=1.544)是缺血性脑卒中合并高血压患者脑卒中复发的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 高血压史、吸烟史是缺血性脑卒中合并高血压患者脑卒中复发的影响因素。     

糖尿病患者血清脂肪因子Chemerin水平改变与临床预后的相关性研究

目的 :分析糖尿病患者血清脂肪因子Chemerin水平改变与临床预后的相关性。方法 :154例初治2型糖尿病患者及同期75名健康体检者分别纳入糖尿病组、糖耐量正常组,按患者是否并发大血管病变,分为单纯糖尿病组(n=89)、大血管病变组(n=65)。检测患者治疗前后血清Chemerin水平变化及糖耐量正常组入组日次血清Chemerin水平,并运用相关性分析,计算血清Chemerin水平与受试者空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)、血脂及颈动脉内-中膜厚度(IMT)的相关性。结果:154例糖尿病患者中,共有65例(42.21%)于治疗后24个月发生大血管病变。糖耐量正常组、单纯糖尿病组(治疗前)、大血管病变组(治疗前)FPG、Hb A1c、LDL-C、Chemerin、IMT逐渐升高,HDL-C逐渐降低,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),3组受试者BMI比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。糖尿病组患者治疗24个月后FPG、Hb A1c、LDL-C、Chemerin、IMT均较治疗前下降,HDL-C均较治疗前升高,单纯糖尿病组上述指标改善更为明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析示,血清Chemerin水平与糖尿病患者Hb A1c、LDL-C、IMT均呈正相关,与HDL-C呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论 :糖尿病患者血清脂肪因子Chemerin水平的升高伴随着血糖、血脂以及血管结构及功能的变化,有望为患者大血管并发症发生风险的评估提供参考。     

Analysis of specific lipid metabolites in cord blood of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

This work aimed to clarify the interaction between the fetus and pregnant patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the lipid metabolomics analysis of the fetal umbilical cord blood of GDM patients and normal pregnant women were performed to screen out the specific lipid metabolites for pathogenesis of GDM. From 2019–2020, 21 patients with GDM and 22 normal pregnant women were enrolled in Hexian Memorial Hospital, Panyu District, Guangzhou. The general information such as weight, height, age, body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy were analyzed. Non-targeted metabonomic detection and analysis were performed in umbilical cord plasma using LC-MS method. The age, BMI, delivery methods, and infant weight were different between GDM and control. There were 167 lipid metabolites in umbilical cord blood associated with GDM. Among them, 158 upregulated and 9 downregulated in GDM. There were 13 dysregulated metabolites with C < 30, including Lyso-phosphatidyl-colines LPC 16:0, 18:2, 18:1, 18:0, 20:4 and 22:6, glycerophosphocholines PC O-16:1, oleoylcarnitine CAR 18:2 and 18:1, dihexosylceramides Hex2Cer 13:0;2O, phosphatidylethanolamine PE O-22:6_2:0 and PE O-22:6_3:0 and sphingomyelin SM 8:0; 2O/11:0. Those metabolites were associated with glycerophospholipid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism. Therefore, Lyso-phosphatidyl-colines, glycerophosphocholines, oleoylcarnitine, dihexosylceramides, phosphatidylethanolamine, and sphingomyelin were main lipid metabolites of GDM, which might be used for diagnosis and treatment of GDM.     

MicroRNA expression profile and lipid metabolism characteristics in liver of rat undergoing high-fat diet

This study aimed to investigate the microRNA expression profile and the characteristics of lipid metabolism in the livers of rats undergoing a high-fat diet. Fifty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into a standard chow group (C group, N = 10) and a high-fat diet group (H group, N = 40). After 12 weeks, the rat body weight, body length, fat mass, and serum lipid concentration were measured. The expression profile of microRNAs and the gene and protein expression levels involved in lipid metabolism in rat liver were detected. Body fat and serum lipid concentrations were all significantly higher in the H group than those in the C group (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). The expression of 10 microRNAs showed significant differences in the liver (p < 0.05). In particular, the let-7 family expression levels significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the H group compared with those in the C group. Compared with the C group, the high-fat diet resulted in low FAS, CPT1A, and ApoAI mRNA expression levels (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) and high PPARα and FAT/CD36 mRNA expression levels in the H group rat liver (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, the protein PPARα, FAS, CPT1A, FAT/CD36, and ApoAI expression levels were all significantly lower in the H group than those in the C group (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). In conclusion, the high-fat diet increased the body fat and serum lipid levels and altered the 10 microRNA expression levels in the liver. The high-fat diet may affect hepatic carbohydrate metabolism and increase ectopic fat accumulation through let-7 family overexpression. The high-fat diet for 12 weeks decreased lipid metabolism level in the liver, thereby decreasing fatty acid synthesis, oxidation, and transport by down-regulating the PPARα, FAS, CPT1A, FAT/CD36, and ApoAI protein levels.     

脑梗死患者颈动脉病变超声表现特点及超声的诊断价值

目的:探讨脑梗死患者颈动脉病变超声表现特点,分析彩色多普勒超声诊断脑梗死的价值。方法:选择2017年2月至2019年6月我院收治的102例脑梗死患者(脑梗死组)和同期门诊和住院部接诊的93例非心脑血管疾病患者(对照组),均进行颈动脉二维灰阶和彩色多普勒超声检查,比较两组颈动脉斑块检出、分布、斑块性质、颈动脉狭窄率以及颈动脉血流参数[动脉收缩期峰值流速(PSV)、舒张期血流速度(EDV)和平均血流速度(Vean)]差异。受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析彩色超声多普勒血流参数诊断脑梗死的价值。结果:脑梗死组共检出颈动脉斑块175块,对照组31块,观察组平均每人检出斑块数块高于对照组[(1.21±0.33)VS(0.30±0.09)块,P<0.05],两组斑块分布均以颈动脉分叉处居多(50.68%、65.52%),差异无统计学差异(P>0.05)。脑梗死组颈动脉内-中膜厚度(IMT)分布以有斑块形成和可造成颈动脉狭窄为主(73.53%),对照组以IMT正常和单纯内膜增厚为主(69.90%),两组IMT分布差异显著(P<0.05)。脑梗死组颈动脉斑块以易损斑块为主(60.57%),对照组颈动脉斑块以稳定性斑块为主(93.55%),两组斑块性质差异显著(P<0.05),脑梗死组颈动脉狭窄率高于对照组[(42.12±6.35)%VS(12.01±3.14)%,P<0.05]。脑梗死组颈PSV、EDV、Vean均小于对照组(P<0.05),PI、RI大于对照组(P<0.05)。ROC分析结果显示PSV、EDV、Vean、PI、RI诊断脑梗死的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.826、0.659、0.662、0.852、0.612,灵敏度分别为70.59%、59.80%、61.76%、73.53%、58.82%,特异度分别为80.65%、73.11%、70.97%、82.80%、67.74%。结论:脑梗死患者存在明显的颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成和血流动力学改变,彩色多普勒超声血流参数对脑梗死的诊断具有较高应用价值。     

两种不同润滑保养方法对器械防锈的效果观察与探讨

目的:探讨两种不同润滑保养方法对器械防锈的效果;方法:将我院外包消毒供应中心回收的400件手术器械作为润滑保养防锈处理观察对象,随机纳入对照组(n=200)与观察组(n=200),对照组清洗后使液体石蜡,观察组清洗后使用德国韦格博士水溶性医疗器械润滑剂,比较两组锈蚀程度和锈蚀率,以及不同润滑剂用量和成本费用构成;结果:观察组轻度(9/4.50%)、中度(3/1.50%)、重度(0/0.00%)锈蚀器械件数和锈蚀率(6.00%)均明显低于对照组(25/12.50%、16/8.00%、11/5.50%,26.00%),组间差异显著(P<0.05);结论:液体石蜡和水溶性医疗器械润滑剂具有良好的保养效果,两种方式相比,水溶性医疗器械润滑剂对医疗器械防锈效果更加理想。     

Effect of long‐term exposure of silver nanoparticles on growth indices,hematological and biochemical parameters and gonad histology of male goldfish (Carassius auratus gibelio)

Studying the impact of emerging pollutants such as nanoparticles is necessary to reveal the adverse effect. In this study, the effects of silver nanoparticles (Ag‐NPs) on hematological, biochemical, and gonad histopathological indices of male goldfish were examined. Sublethal toxicity were calculated based on acute toxicity and three dosages were selected. Live specimen of Carassius auratus gibelio larval were treated in 1, 2, and 3 ppm Ag‐NP with one control group. Blood and tissue samples were extracted after 6 months exposure to sublethal concentrations. Results showed that Ag‐NPs have reduced growth rate and effected on all blood indices significantly. Biochemical analysis revealed that Ag‐NPs significantly reduced blood glucose and total protein than in comparison to the control group and caused significantly differences in the concentrations of serum cholesterol (p < .05). Furthermore, histological observation of intestine after 6 months exposure showed definite alterations in tissue and maximum hypertrophy injuries were found after long‐term exposure to 3 ppm Ag‐NPs concentration. In addition, indicated that long‐term exposure to Ag‐NPs postponed sexual maturity in male gibel carp.     

Calcium supplementation in colorectal cancer prevention: A systematic meta-analysis of adverse events

Despite the multiple systematic reviews and meta-analyses accumulating evidence on the preventive effect of calcium supplementation for colorectal cancer, most of the associated adverse effects are not systematically analyzed. The aim of the study is evaluating adverse events associated with calcium supplementation for colorectal cancer prevention through a systematic meta-analysis. We searched Medline, PubMed Central, EMBASE (Excerpta Medica database), Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science published in English from database inception up to 31 July 2019. In the current systematic meta-analysis, we included human studies (including cohort studies, clinical trials, case-control studies) on supplementation of calcium in patients with or at risk of colorectal cancer. Assessment of the quality of included studies was performed by Jadad score. Information on the patient population, number of enrolled subjects in each group, dose of calcium supplementation, duration of calcium supplementation, and reported adverse events were gathered. The data were pooled for incidence rates for any adverse event during the study period regardless of causality association. We identified 6 studies, comprising 4583 participants that met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis on pooled incidence rates for adverse event during study period showed no statistically significant increased risk for cancer (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.70–1.21, P = 0.577; I² = 0.0%, P = 0.731), coronary revascularization (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.79–1.59, P = 0.492; I² = 0.0%, P = 0.957), myocardial infarction (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.34–1.91, P = 0.634; I² = 67.9%, P = 0.047), stroke (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.42–1.33, P = 0.332, I² = 0.00%, P = 0.717), Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 0.28–6.51, P = 0.692, I² = 81.9%, P = 0.002), urolithiasis (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 0.75–2.01, P = 0.410; I² = 0.0%, P = 0.851), fracture (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.70–1.37, P = 0.938; I² = 37.8%, P = 0.152) and death (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.71–1.56, P = 0.786, I² = 12.2%, P = 0.317) in patients receiving calcium supplementation for colorectal cancer prevention compared to control. Based on the results of Egger test, publication bias was not observed among the studies (P = 0.262). The current result of the meta-analysis on human studies reporting adverse events associated with calcium supplementation for the prevention of colorectal cancer demonstrated no statistically significant increased risk for the development of adverse events compared to control groups.     

In vitro injury model for oligodendrocytes: development, injury, and recovery

In this study we investigated the effects of severe hypothermia (cryoinjury) on oligodendrocyte (OL) cell marker expression and morphological features. We used a chemically defined cell culture medium, glial development medium (GDM), which favored the optimal expression of the OL phenotype in CG4 cells. Experiments using CG4 cells cultured in 2% serum or in GDM were conducted in parallel. After severe hypothermia, cells were reanimated at 37 degrees C and 4.5% CO(2) and cultured in either GDM or in medium supplemented with 2% serum. In either medium, around 70% of the total number of cells detached within 2 to 4 hours following reanimation. Oligodendroglial markers such as A2B5, O4, Tf, ferritin, tubulin, and MBP were examined by double and triple immunofluorescence. All of these markers except MBP re-appeared at different times during the recovery period for up to 48 hours. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and heat shock protein 60 (HSP-60) were used as injury markers. The presence of serum induced HSP-60 expression, while GDM did not. All CG4 cells expressed HSP-60 in response to hypothermia independently of the cell culture medium used. Cryoinjury induced a spectrum of morphological changes in CG4 cells. The expression of OL specific markers was also influenced by hypothermia. Moreover both, serum and cryoinjury induced the expression of HSP-60 that colocalized with OL and myelin markers. The expression of GFAP by injured cells but not by normal cells corroborated the state of injury of CG4 cells.     

Measuring chloride in serum using single programmable system on chip (PSoC)

PSoC devices are dynamically reconfigurable, versatile programming, low-power consumption and multiple interfacing, which motivates the design of portable and inexpensive instruments. The chloride analyzer is built around a cypress CY8C27443 PSoC with its analog and digital blocks, which is typically an embedded system, and it is configured for the measurement of chloride in serum. The principle of chloride measurement is based on colorimetry with LED as illuminating source and photodiode GASPG1104 as a light sensor. The run to run precision of the implemented system is determined by analysing human control serum Accutrol™ Normal (Sigma) and the chloride concentration is found to be 104 ± 4 mmol/l (mean ± SD, n = 5), which is close to the certified value. This system has been used successfully for the routine assay of bio-medical samples, with the results in good agreement with values obtained by the commercial clinical analyzer at 95% of confidence level.     

腹腔镜下CA724表达与新辅助化疗在进展期胃癌中的应用

目的:探索CA724表达与新辅助化疗结合腹腔镜D2根治术治疗进展期胃癌疗效及预后的相关性。方法:回顾性分析我院2017年1月-2018年1月期间收治的局部进展期胃癌患者68例临床资料,根据治疗方案的不同分为对照组30例、研究组38例,对照组采取单纯腹腔镜D2根治术治疗,研究组在腹腔镜D2根治术的基础上结合新辅助化疗治疗,对比两组总有效率、预后情况、CA724表达水平以及阳性率差异,采用Spearman相关性分析法检验CA724水平与患者疗效及预后的关系。结果:研究组患者的总有效率(60.53%)高于对照组患者(43.33%),但差异无统计学意义(χ²=1.989,P=0.158);研究组患者的3年生存率(78.95%)明显高于对照组患者(56.67%),复发转移率(18.42%)则明显低于对照组患者(46.67%),差异有统计学意义(χ²=3.899、6.266,P=0.048、0.012);两组患者术后的CA724表达水平和阳性率均较本组治疗前明显下降,且研究组的下降幅度大于对照组(χ²/t=5.643、6.546,P<0.001);CA724的表达平与患者的疗效及三年生存率呈负相关(r=-0.625、-0.732和-0.832、-0.839,P均<0.001),与患者的复发、转移率呈正相关(r=0.662和0.873,P均<0.001)。结论:血清CA724的表达水平及阳性率变化可在一定程度上反映行新辅助化疗结合腹腔镜D2根治术治疗进展期胃癌患者的疗效及预后情况,当CA724的表达水平及阳性率较低时,提示患者的疗效及预后情况较好,具有一定的临床意义。     

Ⅱ型糖尿病患者与健康男性血清中19种微量元素含量对比

微量元素代谢在糖尿病患者中可能发生了改变,这些元素在糖尿病发病机制和发展中起特定的作用。本工作研究了年龄区间50~60岁男性Ⅱ型糖尿病患者（95例）与健康人对照组（91例）的血清微量元素含量的差异。采用微波消解法对血清中19种微量元素进行前处理,稀释25倍,选择电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）进行检测。该方法的检测限、精密度和重复性良好,符合血清微量元素的检测要求。相比于对照组,糖尿病患者血清中锰、钴、铜、钡和铅元素的含量相对较高,钒、锌、砷、锑和钨元素的含量相对较低,而铬、铁、镍、硒、钼、镉、锡、汞和铊元素的含量在糖尿病患者和健康对照组中无显著统计学差异。结果表明,与糖尿病密切相关的10种微量元素在年龄区间50~60岁男性糖尿病患者与健康人之间存在显著统计学差异。该结论可为进一步研究与微量元素缺乏或者过量相关的糖尿病发病机制和发展过程提供数据支持。