新型小型化平衡滤波器的设计

结合平衡滤波器性能与LTCC(Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics)工艺,从滤波器和巴伦的设计理论出发,设计了一款新型小型化的高性能平衡滤波器。该平衡滤波器采用多层带状线结构作为基本的谐振单元同时实现滤波和巴伦功能。仿真结果表明,该平衡滤波器的通带中心频率为4.05 GHz,3 dB带宽为300 MHz,通带3.9~4.2 GHz内插损小于5.5 dB,低阻带1.0~3.5 GHz和高阻带5~8 GHz的衰减均大于30 dB,幅度不平衡度小于±0.25 dB,相位不平衡度小于±6°,平衡滤波器尺寸为3.2 mm×2.5 mm×1.5 mm。     

3 mm单平衡混频器芯片

为满足3 mm收发系统的小型化需求,采用InP高电子迁移率晶体管(HEMT)工艺,设计并制造了一款3 mm单平衡混频器芯片.该单平衡混频器芯片采用了反向并联肖特基二极管对(APDP)和三线耦合Marchand巴伦结构,在获得精确的肖特基二极管非线性模型和巴伦电磁场S参数模型的基础上,对混频器进行了电路设计.最终获得了良好的工作带宽、变频损耗与隔离度指标,在片测试结果显示,该芯片射频、本振频率为82～100 GHz,变频损耗小于9 dB,本振(LO)-射频(RF)隔离度大于20 dB,中频带宽为0.1～18 GHz,整体芯片尺寸为1.1 mm×1.0 mm.     

基于LTCC/LTCF工艺的小型化网络变压器设计

根据理论分析计算,结合磁芯内嵌技术、多线并绕传输线变压器理论,采用“之”字形布线方式实现网络变压器三维立体集成,使用商业软件HFSS建立低温共烧陶瓷（LTCC）/低温共烧铁氧体（LTCF）变压器结构模型,进行优化和仿真分析,采用新工艺流程完成小型化变压器加工制作。实测结果表明,在1~100MHz工作频率范围内,尺寸为15mm×11.1mm×2.2mm,开路电感≥180μH,插入损耗≤0.5dB,回波损耗≥18.6dB,共模-差模模式转换≥29dB,满足设计要求。     

基于UWB 系统的巴伦滤波器组合器件

UWB 超宽带系统的快速发展对滤波器和巴伦的带宽、损耗提出了新的要求。平衡滤波器能够实现良好的匹配和滤波特性,插入损耗较小,但仅适用于窄带情况;表贴巴伦和滤波器同时使用时不仅占用较大面积,彼此间的干扰会降低系统性能。本文采用补偿法,将多层LC 滤波器和宽带Marchand 巴伦通过耦合电容连接制作在同一LTCC 基板内,减小面积的同时,缺点互补,巴伦改善了滤波器的衰减特性,滤波器改善了巴伦的匹配特性,适用于UWB 宽带应用。根据这一思路制作的巴伦-滤波器的中心频率为7.65GHz,带宽为1GHz,幅度失配≤0.2dB,相位失配≤4.5°,5GHz 处带外衰减≥60dB,9GHz 处带外衰减≥40dB,元件尺寸为7mm*3mm*0.6mm     

小型LTCC巴伦的设计

提出了一种基于Marchand巴伦结构的小型化半集总参数巴伦.通过加载端电容和谐振电容减小巴伦耦合线电长度,LTCC多层布线的实现方式进一步减小了巴伦的实际体积.采用奇偶模分析方法对该结构进行分析,给出了设计曲线,采用A6——M材料仿真并制作出尺寸为2.5 mm×2.0 mm×1.0 mm的巴伦.测得在2.7～2.9 ...     

用于60GHz CMOS芯片测试的片上巴伦的设计

介绍了一种60GHz频段的测试用片上巴伦,采用调节中间抽头位置的方法来补偿巴伦的不平衡。仿真结果表明其幅度不平衡度为0.01dB,相位不平衡度为2°,损耗为1.1dB。并讨论了如何用二端口矢量网络分析仪来测试巴伦的小信号参数以及如何用巴伦来测试差分电路的差分S参数。     

基于0.18-μm锗硅BiCMOS工艺的60 GHz匹配型高隔离小型化变压器巴伦

介绍了一种工作在60 GHz频率的具有输出端口间高隔离和全端口匹配特性的小型化变压器巴伦芯片,该芯片采用0.18-μm锗硅BiCMOS工艺设计并加工。通过在60 GHz变压器巴伦的输出端口之间引入隔离电路,提高巴伦的隔离度性能并改善输出端口匹配性能;在此基础上,提出了一种基于左手材料传输线的隔离电路,能大大改善传统隔离电路中分布式传输线尺寸大的问题;为了进一步实现巴伦的小型化,在设计中采用了负载电容补偿技术,同时能改善变压器巴伦输入端口的匹配性能。设计的巴伦芯片经过电磁场仿真,其结果与在片测试结果有较高的一致性,验证了提出的设计方法,设计的巴伦芯片具有全端口匹配和输出端口间高隔离度的特性。基于实测结果,在60 GHz频率处,设计的巴伦芯片实现了超过25 dB的输出端口隔离度和优于18 dB的输出端口回波损耗,且占用尺寸极小,仅为0.022 mm²。     

基于LTCC技术的S波段双工器的设计

借助低温陶瓷共烧(LTCC)技术和三维叠层结构的设计方法,设计了有限传输零点的带通滤波器(BPF),然后通过匹配网络设计了一种S波段双工器,利用HFSS仿真软件对其对其参数进行了仿真优化。该双工器尺寸为18.4mm×15.8mm×0.6mm,在2.06GHz和2.21GHz处的插损小于-3.72dB,在1.87GHz和2.32GHz处衰减大于-55dB,在1.51GHz到2.52GHz处隔离度小于-12dB,达到了双工器设计指标要求和小型化的目的。     

L频段小型化高性能双定向耦合器设计

介绍了一种L频段行波馈电网络的组成,着重叙述馈电网络中关键部件定向耦合器的设计和实现.对其中低耦合度、高隔离度的小型化高性能定向耦合器进行了理论分析计算,运用失配设计的方法,实现弱耦合高隔离,并通过EDA软件仿真和优化给出了这种定向耦合器的实物尺寸,得出实际测试结果.实测值:插损小于0.2 dB,频带内耦合度28.8±0.5 dB,定向度大于22 dB.运用该失配设计法对传统设计法改进,实测定向度比改进前大10 dB,显著降低了系统对T/R组件的某些指标要求,使系统的设计和实现更简单可靠.     

隔离度大于95dB的Ku波段微带型开关

研究了具备高隔离度性能的Ku波段基于PIN二极管的微带型开关电路,通过采用含有多个子单元电路的拓扑结构以及合理优化子单元电路参数,解决了微带型开关在微波频段难以实现高隔离度的难题.所研制的开关电路在15.75～16.25GHz频段范围内.隔离度大于95dB,插入损耗小于4dB,输入端S11均小于-12dB,输出端S22均小于-20dB,电路体积仪为34mmX 11mm×5mm.     

一种加载铁氧体磁环的高功率宽带巴伦

针对高功率天线的差分馈电和阻抗匹配问题,文中提出了一种基于同轴线结构加载铁氧体磁环的宽 带巴伦模型。双同轴线具有阻抗变换功能和较好的功率承载能力,铁氧体磁环改善了巴伦在低频时的输入匹配和 两个输出端口不平衡度。仿真和实测表明,此巴伦在0. 05~1. 24 GHz 内回波损耗低于-10 dB,去除3. 0 dB 系统插损 后单端插入损耗在1. 5 dB 以内,两端输出的相位不平衡度在5°以内,幅度不平衡度在2%以内。通过分析巴伦的电 磁热损耗场、温度场和应力形变场,验证了巴伦在高功率馈电下的工作性能,结果表明此巴伦在工作频带内能够承 受500 W 的功率。     

On-chip micromachined solenoid balun for RF-SOC applications

A transformer balun is fabricated by using a post-CMOS compatible MEMS process. The novel concave-suspended solenoid balun can be integrated with radio-frequency system-on-chips (RF-SOCs). In the frequency range 0.5-10 GHz, the tested balun shows less than 0.7 dB amplitude imbalance and less than 1.5deg phase imbalance. After tuning, the transformer balun can match between a 100 Omega single-ended port and two 50 Omega differential ports. At the two differential ports, insertion losses of -1.5 and -0.8 dB are obtained at 5-GHz centre frequency, more than 40% bandwidth of S ₁₁ is achieved.     

四次谐波镜像抑制混频器中无源部分的设计

本文介绍了四次谐波镜像抑制混频器中无源部分的设计,无源部分包括了双巴伦和兰格电桥。通过ADS 软件进行相关的仿真,最终实现了巴伦在频段7.9~9.5GHz 的幅度不平衡度小于0.2dB,相位不平衡度小于1°,在中心频率8.7GHz 的插损约为7.3 dB;兰格电桥在频段30~40GHz 的幅度不平衡度小于0.3 dB,相位不平衡度小于1°在中心频率35GHz 的插损约为3.25 dB。双巴伦和兰格电桥仿真得到的结果良好,为最终四次谐波镜像抑制混频器的单片实现奠定了基础。     

A silicon monolithic spiral transmission line balun withsymmetrical design

In this work, a spiral transmission line balun has been fabricated on a high resistivity silicon substrate. The Marchand-type balun has been designed to have the same physical common ground points for the output transmission lines, which eliminates imbalance due to potential difference at the ground. Return loss is better than 17 dB in the frequency band of 1.6-4.1 GHz, especially 39 dB around 1.9 GHz. The amplitude imbalance is less than 0.3 dB throughout the bandwidth. The phase departure from 180° is less than 20 over the frequency range of 1.6-2.6 GHz. The balun is suitable for MMIC application     

Spiral transmission-line baluns for RF multichip module packages

We describe a design method and lumped model for a circular spiral transmission-line balun. All lumped values are extracted from the geometric parameters of the balun. From simulation, the design parameters with well predicted characteristics are defined. The balun is fabricated using multi-chip module processing technology, which is suitable for integration in RF packages. Measurements show a wide bandwidth of 1.5-4.1 GHz and excellent balanced outputs. Amplitude imbalance less than 0.5 dB and phase imbalance less than 4° are achieved. The simulation results are compared with the measurement. The model captures all important properties of the balun with reasonably high accuracy     

Compact 28-GHz subharmonically pumped resistive mixer MMIC using a lumped-element high-pass/band-pass balun

This work reports a novel lump-element balun for use in a miniature monolithic subharmonically pumped resistive mixer (SPRM) microwave monolithic integrated circuit. The proposed balun is simply analogous to the traditional Marchand balun. The coupled transmission lines are replaced by lump elements, significantly reducing the size of the balun. This balun requires no complicated three-dimensional electromagnetic simulations, multilayers or suspended substrate techniques; therefore, the design parameters are easily calculated. A 2.4-GHz balun is demonstrated using printed circuit board technology. The measurements show that the outputs of balun with high-pass and band-pass responses, a 1-dB gain balance, and a 5/spl deg/ phase balance from 1.7 to 2.45 GHz. The balun was then applied in the design of a 28-GHz monolithic SPRM. The measured conversion loss of the mixer was less than 11dB at a radio frequency (RF) bandwidth of 27.5-28.5 GHz at a fixed 1 GHz IF, a local oscillator (LO)-RF isolation of over 35 dB, and a 1-dB compression point higher than 9 dBm. The chip area of the mixer is less than 2.0 mm/sup 2/.     

A complete single-chip GPS receiver with 1.6-V 24-mW radio in 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS

A compact ultra-broadband MMIC-compatible uniplanar balun has been developed using offset air-gap coupler. The offset air-gap coupler presents tight coupling and low conductor loss, and thus allows the balun to show low loss at mm-wave frequencies. The measured insertion loss was less than 2 dB from 26 to 55 GHz, and amplitude and phase imbalance was less than /spl plusmn/1dB and 5/spl deg/, respectively over a wide frequency range from 27 to 69 GHz.     

Low-Loss and Broadband Asymmetric Broadside-Coupled Balun for Mixer Design in 0.18-$mu{hbox {m}}$ CMOS Technology

This study presents an asymmetric broadside coupled balun with low-loss broadband characteristics for mixer designs. The correlation between balun impedance and a 3D multilayer CMOS structure are discussed and analyzed. Two asymmetric multilayer meander coupled lines are adopted to implement the baluns. Three balanced mixers that comprise three miniature asymmetric broadside coupled Marchand baluns are implemented to demonstrate the applicability to MOS technology. Both a single and dual balun occupy an area of only 0.06 mm². The balun achieves a measured bandwidth of over 120%, an insertion loss of better than 4.1 dB (3 dB for an ideal balun) at the center frequency, an amplitude imbalance of less than 1 dB, and a phase imbalance of less than 5deg from 10 to 60 GHz. The first demonstrated circuit is a Ku-band mixer, which is implemented with a miniaturized balun to reduce the chip area by 80%. This 17-GHz mixer yields a conversion loss of better than 6.8 dB with a chip size of 0.24 mm². The second circuit is a 15-60-GHz broadband single-balanced mixer, which achieves a conversion loss of better than 15 dB and occupies a chip area of 0.24 mm². A three-conductor miniaturized dual balun is then developed for use in the third mixer. This star mixer incorporates two miniature dual baluns to achieve a conversion loss of better than 15 dB from 27 to 54 GHz, and occupies a chip area of 0.34 mm².     

Design of an ultra small passive balun in CMOS 65?nm technology for 60?GHz applications

In this paper a new procedure for the spiral Marchand balun design is shown and demonstrated. The size reduction for this component is fundamental to obtain a high level of integration for the radio frequency analog circuits. This work shows a micro-structure that, working as a balun, achieves good performance in phase and amplitude balance, while maintaining minimum size. These results were achieved by performing an accurate theoretical analysis followed by an electromagnetic simulation of the structure. A set of equations are proposed to describe the component behavior and the measurements show a strong agreement with the simulations confirming the quality of the design flow. The balun shows a maximum of 1.5 dB of insertion loss, with 0.1 dB of amplitude imbalance. The phase imbalance reach as a maximum of 7° at 65?GHz. The total occupied area of the balun remain below to 0.01?mm².