双相不锈钢2205激光焊接接头组织和性能研究

目的 针对双相不锈钢激光焊接接头两相比例失衡的问题,研究双相不锈钢2205激光焊接接头组织和性能。方法 采用Disk 6002碟片激光器对2205双相不锈钢进行激光焊接,通过在纯氩气保护气中添加体积分数为60%的氮气,向熔池中过渡氮元素,以提高焊缝中的奥氏体含量;采用金相显微镜、电子背散射衍射技术、电子探针X射线显微分析仪、显微硬度仪和上海辰华CHI760E电化学工作站等手段,对激光焊接接头表面组织、元素含量、显微硬度和耐腐蚀性能进行表征和测试。结果 与纯氩气保护焊接接头相比,当在保护气中添加60%（体积分数,下同）的氮气后,奥氏体相体积分数达到39.89%,提升了25.94%,奥氏体中氮元素的质量分数达到0.679%时,氮元素的质量分数提升了0.196%,焊缝中奥氏体显微硬度为307.4HV,铁素体显微硬度为298.9HV,极化曲线腐蚀电流密度升高,阻抗弧半径减小。结论 在保护气中添加60%的氮气后,激光焊接接头中奥氏体的体积分数提升,增加的奥氏体组织以晶内奥氏体为主,并且更多的氮元素进入到奥氏体相中,焊缝中的奥氏体和铁素体硬度略有升高,耐蚀性和钝化膜稳定性有所下降。     

焊接工艺对2205双相不锈钢接头组织与性能的影响

针对2205双相不锈钢的性能特点,焊接时通过优化焊接工艺以有效控制焊接热循环,使接头中能获得预期的显微组织和相比例.对获得接头进行力学性能测试.利用扫描电镜和光学显微镜观察分析其显微组织结构.结果表明:采用混合气体(氩气 2.5%氮气,体积分数)保护的钨极氩弧焊能使获得接头具有较高的强度,接头焊接区保持了与母材相同的组织结构和较为接近的相比例.     

锆合金的腐蚀性研究

在不同保护温度下采用钨极氩弧焊＋高纯氩气作为保护气体的焊接方法将锆R60702板材连接起来,并利用电化学腐蚀手段和扫描电镜的形貌观察等方法,研究R60702在醋酸中的腐蚀行为。试验结果表明：在5mol／L的醋酸溶液中,接头的腐蚀类型以点蚀为主。保护温度在800℃时,锆R60702的耐腐蚀性能严重下降,而保护温度在315...     

二氧化碳气体保护焊工作原理简介

焊接最早采用的焊接技术是锻焊,而后经过几百年的发展,人们发现在焊接过程中,处于高温状态下的金属会与大气中的氧气和氮气发生化学反应,因此产生的空泡和化合物将影响接头的强度,。因此,人们发明了通过保护器来隔绝熔池和大气,避免发生化学反应,二氧化碳气体保护焊就是其中一种,现今二氧化碳气体保护焊广泛应用于生产生活中,二氧化碳气体保护焊在低碳钢和低合金钢结构焊接中具有成本较低,生产率高,操作方便等优点,是近年来我国普遍推广使用的焊接方法。但是,如果对二氧化碳气体保护焊不了解或是操作不当将会产生很多的问题。下文将就二氧化碳保护焊的原理、构成以及因操作不当等造成的各种缺陷进行阐述。     

新型焊接工艺对不锈钢薄板焊缝成形及接头性能影响的研究进展

不锈钢薄板作为一种性能优越的节约型材料,广泛地应用于国民生产中的各个领域,具有良好的发展前景。基于不锈钢薄板的重要性,研究其焊接工艺对促进不锈钢薄板产业的发展具有重要意义。分析总结了焊接工艺对不锈钢薄板焊缝成形及接头性能影响的最新研究进展,表明:(1)激光焊接不锈钢薄板焊缝成形优于电弧焊,通过改进气体保护方式可提高焊缝成形质量,波形控制法可辅助改善电弧焊焊缝成形;(2)高能束焊、搅拌摩擦焊可极大地细化焊接接头晶粒,改善接头力学性能;(3)采用低热输入焊接工艺可以减轻焊接接头腐蚀敏感性,增加保护气体流量或外加磁场可提高电弧焊接头的耐腐蚀性。     

热处理对6005A铝合金激光焊接头组织和性能的影响

高速列车车体轻量化制造的迫切需求,使得铝合金结构在车体制造中得到广泛应用,而铝合金焊接也成为高铁车体制造的关键工艺。本文采用激光填丝焊方法焊接6005A-T6铝合金,并对焊接接头进行了固溶/时效热处理。利用扫描电镜、XRD能谱分析及拉伸实验,对焊后热处理的焊接接头组织及性能进行研究。研究发现,与母材相比,由于焊接接头中Mg2Si强化相的消失,使得6005A铝合金激光填丝焊接接头拉伸性能下降。通过对焊接接头进行的固溶/时效焊后热处理,实现了焊接接头中β″相、β′相和Q′相的强化相析出,而强化相的析出有利于焊接接头性能的改善。显微硬度实验表明,焊后经热处理的焊接接头,各区域显微硬度显著提高。随着固溶时间的增加,焊接接头经时效处理达到峰时效状态所需的时间减少。基于焊接接头硬度比较,确定550℃固溶1.5 h/175℃时效8 h为优化的焊后热处理规范。采用优化的焊后热处理规范,焊接接头的拉伸强度增加至340 MPa,高于母材的拉伸强度;热处理后接头延伸率为11.6%,达到母材延伸率的65.2%。采用固溶/时效焊后热处理方式可提高激光焊接接头的性能。     

固溶时效态GH925/Inconel625异种合金焊接力学性能研究

采用氩气保护焊(MIG)和625专用焊丝,研究GH925合金圆柱搭接焊接电流、道次间隔时间(T=1～2 s)对焊结区组织成分、析出相对焊接接头力学性能的影响。研究表明,固溶时效态GH925合金采用625专用焊丝可以得到熔合良好的焊接接头,接头抗拉强度最高达到830 MPa,达到焊丝抗拉强度的1.15倍。焊缝区组织由奥氏体γ相和弥散析出δ相组成,焊接电流50 A时焊缝区以平面晶析出为主,出现晶界多边化现象;焊接电流65 A时焊缝为胞晶组织,焊接电流65和80 A时靠近熔合线母材一侧2～3 mm处出现δ相带状剧烈析出区,与δ析出温度范围有关。能谱分析表明析出相为(NiFeCr)固溶型复杂化合物。增加道次间隔时间T有利于获得力学性能更好的焊缝组织。     

用氧当量预测钛焊缝机械性能

美国学者探讨了工业纯钛焊缝性能,如强度、延伸率和硬度影响因素之间的相互关系.其新的氧当量是通过对试验数据应用统计回归方法得来的.而试验数据是通过对自动钨极氩弧焊焊缝进行机械性能测试获得.焊缝成分是通过对钛材(ASTM)钨极气体保护焊焊接溶池成分测定而来,保护气体为氩气中添加少量的空气或CO2气.美国学者还研究了冷却速度、间隙元素(C、N、H、O)和铁含量对焊缝机械性能的影响.     

等离子体处理对氰酸酯基复合材料表面性能影响研究

采用等离子体处理技术对不同作用距离下的石英纤维/氰酸酯复合材料表面进行活化处理,考察了等离子体处理工艺参数对复合材料表面接触角的影响,以及等离子体处理前后表面形貌、性能和膜基结合强度的变化规律.研究结果表明:经氮气、氩气等离子体处理后,复合材料表面接触角明显减小,均随作用距离减小呈下降趋势,且氩气的活化效果比氮气的好;...     

激光焊接参数对钛合金薄板组织及力学性能影响

目的 研究不同激光焊接工艺参数对1 mm厚TA18薄板焊接的影响,为有效解决焊缝缺陷、脆性相等问题提供参考.方法 采用大功率碟片激光器,在氩气环境下,对1 mm厚TA18薄板进行激光焊接实验,对不同激光焊接参数下的焊接接头进行微观组织观察及力学性能测试.结果 当激光焊接功率为1.5 kW时,焊缝呈"葫芦"状,熔宽大且不...     

SiCp/Mg复合材料激光焊规范参数对焊缝强度的影响及其数学模型的建立

对于焊接性较差的碳化硅颗粒增强镁基（SiCp／Mg）复合材料，采用高能激光束进行了焊接．通过选择合适的激光焊工艺参数，可焊成外观成形及性能均良好的焊接接头．激光焊的输出功率（P）、焊接违反（v）、脉冲频率（f）、脉冲宽度（w）对接头强度都有影响，其中尤以激光输出功率与焊接速度的比值，即焊接线能量P/v的影响最大．对于厚度为1mm的对接缝，试验所得最佳工艺参数为：P=170Wv=7.5mm/s,f=30Hz,w=5ms.焊接时使用氢气（Ar）进行保护．所得拉伸强度值为104．3MPa，达到了母材的52％．另外，本文还应用多项式回归法建立了焊接接头拉伸强度与工艺参数关系的数学模型．     

Research on laser welding of aluminum matrix composite SiCw/6061

Effects of laser welding parameters on strength of welded joint were studied. Mechanism of loss of joint strength was analyzed. It was pointed out that an important factor affecting joint strength is the reaction between matrix and reinforced phase. On the basis of this, the concept of critical Si activity was proposed. In appropriate welding parameters and Si activity, welded joint with high quality for aluminum matrix composite SiCw/6061Al subjected to laser welding could be successfully obtained.     

复合板基层厚度对激光焊接头腐蚀性能的影响

目的通过探索基层金属厚度对复合板激光穿透焊接的影响规律,分析其影响度与焊接速度、激光功率的差别,为双金属复合材料激光穿透焊接提供更多的技术支撑。方法以焊接速度、激光功率和基层金属厚度为变量,设计了三因素三水平的正交实验,对X65/DSS2205层状双金属复合材料进行激光穿透焊接实验,对不同焊接条件下接头的显微组织进行观察分析,采用EDS面扫方法对焊缝复层区进行成分扫描,测量接头复层侧动电位极化曲线,并比较了基层金属厚度的影响度较焊接速度与激光功率的大小。结果双金属复合板激光穿透焊接接头显微组织在厚度方向存在明显的分层;基层金属厚度为1.2 mm时,复层贵金属元素保留量最大;随着基层金属厚度的减小,接头综合耐腐蚀性能提高;基层金属厚度对接头耐腐蚀性能的影响小于焊接速度和激光功率2个变量;焊接速度为2.5 m/min,激光功率为3500 W,基层金属厚度为0.8 mm时,接头耐腐蚀性能最优。结论基层金属厚度对于复合板激光穿透焊接接头的焊缝复层元素含量、以及接头复层一侧耐腐蚀性能都有较为明显的影响,但相比于焊接速度与激光功率,其影响度相对较小,因此在进行复合板激光穿透焊接时,在选定基层金属厚度后,仍要对焊接速度和激光功率进行优化工艺设计。     

Study on Laser Welding of Al Composite

The effects of laser welding parameter on strength of welded joints were studied. The mechanism for loss of joint strength was analyzed. It was pointed out that an important factor affecting joint strength is the reaction between matrix and reinforced phase. On the basis of this, the concept of critical St activity a[si]min was proposed. Using appropriate welding parameters and Si activity, high quality laser welded joints in an aluminum matrix composite SiCw/6061Al can be Successfully obtained.     

涂保护剂非真空扩散焊研究

扩散焊通常采用真空,运用受到限制。这里的扩散焊方法是在机械加工后端面立即涂覆一层特殊的保护剂,保持端面的洁净,在焊接时利用高频加热保护剂分解成保护气体,短时间内使焊接面紧密接触在压力作用下形成焊接接头。利用这种方法对多种量具、刃具进行焊接取得良好效果。     

Investigation on TIG welding of SiCp-reinforced aluminum–matrix composite using mixed shielding gas and Al–Si filler

Using He–Ar mixed gas as shielding gas, the tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding of SiCp/6061 Al composites was investigated without and with Al–Si filler. Welded joint with filler were submitted to tensile tests. The microstructure and fracture morphology of the joint were examined. The results show that adding 50 vol.% helium in shielding gas improves the arc stability, and seams with high-quality appearance are obtained when the Al–Si filler is added. In addition, the interface reaction between SiC and matrix is greatly suppressed when using Al–Si filler. The microstructure of the welded joint displays non-uniformity with many SiC particles distributing in the weld center. The average tensile strength of weld joints with Al–Si filler is 70% above that of the matrix composites under annealed condition.     

Laser Induced Liquid Phase Reaction Synthesis Assisted Joining of Metal Matrix Composites

A Laser Induced Liquid Phase Reaction Synthesis Assisted Joining technique is employed for SiC-particulate/Al-alloy composite to produce joints. Joints in SiC/Al-alloy composite are produced by synthesis of suitable material product as a result of interaction between composite and Ti (or Ti-alloy) reactive filler material induced by laser energy in the joint region. Such reaction product minimizes or eliminates the formation of deleterious aluminum carbide phase in the joint region depending upon the type and nature of die interfacial reactive filler material and also the laser processing parameters. A laser beam is utilized to both synthesize the interfacial reactant mixture and to heat the base material adjacent to the joint region to minimize the thermal stresses. The technique along with suitable filler material, further can be extended to a variety of metal matrix composite systems including combinations of Gr/Al, B/Al, B₄C/Mg, Steel/Al, W/Al, Al₂ O₃ and Gr/Cu which are excellent for use in various automotive, aerospace and electronic applications. Preliminary observations describing the proof of concept of laser induced reaction joining of metal matrix composites are reported     

N2、Ar气体对磁控溅射沉积掩膜铬膜性能的影响

研究了真空直流磁控溅射下分别充N2、Ar气体对铬版成膜性能的影响,对两种膜层光密度、厚度、表面微结构形貌以及成分进行测试分析,膜层成分分析表明这两种气体仅充当了工作气体;综合研究结果表明:在相同条件时,经两种气体作用的膜层其光密度出现很大差异的主要原因是由于气体的不同质量引起膜层沉积速率的不同,本文研究结果对制取预定光密度和良好蚀刻线条边缘的铬版具有非常重要的实用价值.     

Improvement of Weld Quality Using a Weaving Beam in Laser Welding

This paper describes a way to improve the weld quality through suppressing the porosity formation and restraining the growth of columnar grains by using a weaving beam in laser welding. The experimental results show that the N2 porosity of beam-weaving laser welding low carbon steel can be remarkably reduced with increasing weaving frequency, and porosity can be eliminated when the weaving amplitude is only 0.5 mm; and the Ar porosity in the weld metal is decreased with increasing weaving frequency and amplitude when the welding speed is higher than 0.5 m/min. The beam-weaving laser welding of ultra-fine grained steel has been investigated. The experimental results show that beam-weaving laser welding with appropriate amplitude and frequency can partly restrain the growth of the columnar grain and improve the tensile strength of the weld metal.     

Interfacial characteristics of electron beam welding joints of SiCp/Al composites

Abstract

The electron beam welding of SiCp/101Al composites has been carried out. The influence of welding parameters on weldability and mechanical properties of the welded joints was discussed. The welding parameters were therefore optimised under the current experimental circumstance. Results show that only weak interfacial reaction between SiC particle and liquid aluminium occurred. Minute quantity brittle Al₄C₃ compounds and single phase Si were generated in the welded joint. The interfacial reaction between SiC particles and Al matrix could be greatly suppressed by adopting appropriate technique measures such as high welding speed and low heat input. The content of Al₄C₃ can be therefore greatly decreased in the welded joint. Moreover, modification welding and electron beam scanning could further improve the appearance of weld, and the welded joint with better quality could be obtained.