血清叶酸和维生素B12与GDM风险关系的分析

目的：探讨血清叶酸和维生素B₁₂与妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)的风险关系。方法：回顾性分析2021年1月-2023年1月于本院就诊的妊娠24～28周妇女临床资料,其中GDM组143例,健康对照组589例。分别比较两组患者血清叶酸、维生素B₁₂等临床数据差异。并根据全部受试者血清叶酸、维生素B₁₂的四分位数将患者分为4组。使用logistic回归分析和限制性立方样条(RCS)分析血清叶酸和维生素B₁₂与GDM风险关系。结果：高血清叶酸浓度组GDM风险显著升高(OR=1.716,95%CI 1.123～2.620),低维生素B₁₂浓度组GDM风险增加(OR=2.517,95%CI 1.720～3.681)。叶酸与GDM风险呈显著的非线性关系(χ²=7.413,P=0.025),维生素B₁₂与GDM的风险呈线性关系(χ²=4.856,P=0.089)。较低或较高水平叶酸孕妇均具有较高GDM发生风险,当叶酸达到19.03ng/...     

慢性苯中毒者血清中叶酸和维生素B12水平的研究

目的了解慢性苯中毒者血清中叶酸和维生素B12水平,为慢性苯中毒的防治提供依据。方法采用化学发光分析仪和全自动血细胞分析仪分别对实验组13名慢性苯中毒患者和对照组35名正常对照者血清叶酸和维生素B12含量以及血细胞参数进行测定。结果实验组血清叶酸的水平(11.9±5.6)nmol/L明显低于对照组(24.2±8.3)nmol/L(P<0.05),试验组血清维生素B12的水平(154.9±57.2)pmol/L明显低于对照组(372.2±110.1)pmol/L(P<0.05),试验组白细胞(3.5±0.4)×109/L明显低于对照组(7.9±1.9)×109/L(P<0.05),试验组血小板(169.5±71.8)×109/L明显低于对照组(228.4±58.4)×109/L(P<0.05),试验组红细胞(3.8±0.9)×1012/L明显低于对照组(5.1±0.8)×1012/L(P<0.05),试验组血红蛋白(108.5±29.1)g/L明显低于对照组(141.5±16.1)g/L(P<0.05),试验组红细胞压积(33.0±8.0)%明显低于对照组(45.0±4.0)%(P<0.05),试验组红细胞分布宽度(46.3±7.7)fl明显高于对照组(38.8±4.8)fl(P<0.05)。结论慢性苯中毒者血清中叶酸和维生素B12水平偏低,在慢性苯中毒的防治过程中应加强该类物质的补充。     

2型糖尿病患者血清叶酸和维生素B12水平与动脉粥样硬化的相关性

<正>根据国际糖尿病协会的调查报告,至2021年,中国糖尿病患者数目已超过1.4亿人,已成为世界上糖尿病患者数量最多的国家^[1],糖尿病心脑血管并发症占糖尿病死因的半数以上。叶酸(folic acid,FA)、维生素B₁₂(vitamin B₁₂,VB₁₂)作为外源性摄入的B族维生素可能通过以下两种方式影响心脑血管疾病：一方面,FA、VB₁₂缺乏可影响同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)代谢,导致血浆中Hcy浓度升高,进而影响心血管疾病的发生发展;另一方面,FA、VB₁₂可直接通过抗炎,改善氧化应激、基因修饰等作用保护血管内皮细胞,从而改善动脉粥样硬化。     

孕期叶酸和维生素B12与妊娠期糖尿病的关系研究进展

妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM)对近期和远期的母婴健康均有不良影响。孕期营养已被证明是GDM可干预的影响因素之一。叶酸和维生素B₁₂是人体的必需营养素,孕妇容易出现叶酸过量或缺乏、维生素B₁₂缺乏、叶酸和维生素B₁₂不平衡的情况。本文对当前叶酸和维生素B₁₂及二者不平衡与GDM的关系的相关研究结果进行文献回顾,结果表明,孕期高叶酸和低维生素B₁₂状态可能增加GDM的发生风险,提示孕期应注意增补叶酸的适宜剂量,且应避免维生素B₁₂的缺乏。     

孕妇血浆叶酸、维生素B12和同型半胱氨酸水平测定及临床意义

目的 通过测定孕妇血浆叶酸、VitB12和同型半胱氨酸水平,了解其与发生妊娠期并发症的关系.方法 对2004年3月～2005年6月在产科门诊及住院妊娠中、晚期孕妇以及健康育龄妇女,测定血浆叶酸、VitB12 400例,同时测血浆Hcy 165例,采用酶免疫检测法检测同型半胱氨酸浓度;叶酸及Vit B12测量采用放射免疫法.结果 ①正常非孕妇女、孕12～27+6周、28～36+6周、37～42周及产后的孕妇血浆FA、Vit Bi2及Hcy含量比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);②孕妇并发妊高征、贫血、心肌缺血或损害及胎儿异常者与正常晚孕组及正常非孕组血FA、Vit B12及Hcy异常水平比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,0.01).结论 孕妇妊娠期缺乏叶酸及Vit B12,将可能发生高同型半胱氨酸血症,从而对母儿造成危害.     

孕期叶酸、维生素B12与妊娠期糖尿病的关系

目的 了解孕期女性叶酸和维生素B₁₂的膳食摄入和体内代谢状况,及其与妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)的关系。方法 本研究为基于母子营养与健康队列的横断面研究,以山东省高密市人民医院、北京市海淀区妇幼保健院和怀柔区妇幼保健院为研究现场,遵循自愿原则募集孕24～30周的孕妇进入研究。采用3天24小时膳食回顾法进行膳食调查,计算孕妇每日叶酸、维生素B₁₂及相关营养素摄入情况;采集孕妇空腹静脉血,血清和红细胞叶酸检测采用微粒子化学发光法,血清同型半胱氨酸检测采用酶循环法,血清维生素B₁₂的检测方法为化学发光法。同期利用口服葡萄糖耐量试验进行妊娠期糖尿病的诊断。结果 本研究共纳入368名孕妇,妊娠期糖尿病患病率为39.9%。膳食叶酸摄入、维生素B₁₂摄入在非GDM组的中位数分别为543.00μg DFE和3.01μg,在GDM组的中位数分别为360.90μg DFE和2.58μg;非GDM组的孕妇红细胞叶酸均值(969.64±288.57 ng/mL)高于GDM组(962.86±280.28 ng/mL),血清叶酸、血...     

血清活性维生素B12 在评估孕妇维生素B12 营养状况中的价值

目的探讨孕妇各期的维生素B₁₂营养状况,评估活性维生素B₁₂在孕妇维生素B₁₂营养状况中的诊断价值。方法取自2017年8月—11月本院妊娠早、中、晚期孕妇482例。检测血清中总维生素B₁₂、叶酸、活性维生素B₁₂、甲基丙二酸(MMA)含量,分析其在各组间差异,评估其在维生素B₁₂营养状况中的诊断效能。结果孕早期、孕中期、孕晚期血清总维生素B₁₂水平呈下降趋势(P<0.05);血清活性维生素B₁₂和MMA在各孕期未见明显变化(P>0.05)。活性维生素B₁₂与MMA具有较好的负相关性(r=-0.878,P<0.001);总维生素B₁₂与活性维生素B₁₂、MMA具有一定的相关性(r=0.589,P<0.001;r=-0.516,P<0.001)。活性维生素B₁₂和总维生素B₁₂对...     

血清叶酸和维生素B12水平与抑郁症的关系

目的通过观察抑郁症患者血清叶酸和维生素B12浓度,探讨营养因素与抑郁症的相关性。方法选择Hamilton抑郁量表17项中得分大于17分和／或Hamilton焦虑量表14项中得分超过14分的30例患者组成抑郁症组,Hamilton抑郁量表得分低于17分、Hamilton焦虑量表得分低于14分的30例患者作为对照组。检测血红蛋白、血清叶酸和维生素B12水平以及进行Zung抑郁自评量表（SDS,20项）和焦虑自评量表（SAS,20项）测查。采用t检验比较两组以上指标的差异。结果抑郁症组血清叶酸[（4．06±1．61）vs．（6．48±2．36）ng／ml,P〈0．05]和维生素B12水平[（427．96±126．20）vs．（498．46±119．08）pg／ml,P〈0．05]均显著低于对照组。血清叶酸和维生素B12水平与Hamilton抑郁分值均无相关性。结论抑郁症患者的血清叶酸和维生素B12水平低于正常人。     

叶酸和维生素B12对糖尿病患者同型半胱氨酸和氧化应激水平的影响

[目的]探讨叶酸和维生素B12在防治糖尿病的作用及其作用机理。[方法]采用病例对照实验研究方法,观察糖尿病患者叶酸联合维生素B12治疗后血清同型半胱氨酸水平、氧化应激相关指标等的影响。[结果]该治疗可降低糖尿病患者血清同型半胱氨酸、丙二醛(MDA)水平,并可升高一氧化氮(NO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平。[结论]叶酸联合维生素B12干预后,糖尿病患者同型半胱氨酸水平降低,氧化应激状态改善,因此补充叶酸和维生素B12可成为一种早期防治糖尿病的新的、有效的和经济的方法。     

血清维生素B12水平与老年认知障碍关系

目的探讨血清维生素B₁₂水平与老年认知障碍的关系,为老年认知障碍的防控提供参考依据。方法以2012 — 2014年中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查中924名年龄 ≥ 65岁老年人为研究对象,采用简易精神状态检查量表（MMSE）评估认知功能,认知障碍定义为MMSE得分 < 24分。按照血清维生素B₁₂水平的三分位数分组并比较各组间的基本特征,采用广义估计方程评估血清维生素B₁₂水平与老年认知功能水平和认知障碍患病风险的关联。结果共纳入924名研究对象,平均年龄为（81.21 ± 11.14）岁,49.89%（461人）为女性,血清维生素B₁₂平均水平为（408.93 ± 197.60） pmol/L。经多因素调整后,以血清维生素B₁₂水平Q1组为参照,Q2（β = 1.12,95%CI = 0.40～1.85）和Q3（β = 1.34,95%CI = 0.52～2.16）组的MMSE得分均升高;并且Q2组和Q3组人群患认知障碍的风险分别是Q1组的0.52倍（OR = 0.52,95%CI = 0.32～0.86）和0.56倍（OR = 0.56,95%CI = 0.33～0.94）。按性别亚组分析,女性结果与总体相似,男性中关联未发现有统计学意义。结论在我国老年女性人群中,血清维生素B₁₂缺乏与认知障碍存在正相关关系。     

Vitamin supplementation reduces the level of homocysteine in the urine of autistic children

Significant differences in homocysteine levels in the urine of autistic children are observed. We hypothesized that vitamin supplementation might reduce the level of urinary homocysteine. To rationalize such a hypothesis, analyses were performed using the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method. The homocysteine level in the urine of autistic children was measured twice: (1) before vitamin supplementation (group C, 30 autistic children) and (2) after supplementation, with either folic acid and vitamins B₆ and B₁₂ (group A1, 24 autistic children) or vitamins B₆ and B₁₂ alone (group A2, 6 autistic children). The homocysteine level in the urine of autistic children before vitamin supplementation was 2.41 ± 1.10 mmol/mol creatinine (mean ± SD difference). After treatment, the homocysteine level was reduced to 1.13 ± 0.44 and 1.33 ± 0.39 mmol/mol creatinine for A1 and A2 groups, respectively. The intake of vitamins B₆ and B₁₂, together with folic acid, was found to be more effective in lowering the levels of urinary homocysteine than the intake of vitamins B₆ and B₁₂ alone. Our findings may lead to the recommendation of including vitamins B₆ and B₁₂ together with folic acid supplementation in the diets of children with autism.     

High frequency of maternal vitamin B12 deficiency as an important cause of infantile vitamin B12 deficiency in Sanliurfa province of Turkey

Summary Background Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency in infancy may cause failure to thrive, severe neurological disorders and megaloblastic pancytopenia. It is well known that infants born with deficient vitamin B₁₂ storage have increased the risk of vitamin B₁₂ deficiency. Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency is more prevalent in infancy in Sanliurfa province (at the southeast region of Turkey). Aim of the study The aim of this study was to determine the frequencies of vitamin B₁₂, folic acid and iron deficiencies in pregnants and their babies at birth and to what extend the mothers’ deficiency becomes effective on babies’ deficiencies. Methods The study groups were constituted by 180 pregnant women and their single and term babies. Venous blood samples of pregnants were obtained 1–3 h before delivery and babies’ cord bloods were collected at birth. Vitamin B₁₂ and folic acid levels were measured with electro chemiluminiscence method; serum iron and iron binding capacities were measured by colorimetric method and complete blood counts were performed by automatic blood counter. Results Mean vitamin B₁₂ levels in maternal and cord blood serum were 130 ± 61.7 pg/ml and 207 ± 141 pg/ml; mean folic acid levels were 8.91 ± 6.46 ng/ml and 17.8 ± 11.8 ng/ml; mean serum iron levels were 56.9 ± 37.5 μg/dl and 147 ± 43.2 μg/dl; and mean transferrin saturations were 11.8 ± 8% and 65.6 ± 24%, respectively. There were vitamin B₁₂ deficiency (<160 pg/ml) in 72% of the mothers and 41% of the babies, and severe deficiency (<120 pg/ml) in 48% of the mothers and 23% of the babies. Folic acid deficiency was found in 12% of the mothers, but was not found in the babies. There were iron deficiency in 62% of the mothers and 1% of the babies. There were statistically significant correlation between maternal and cord blood serum vitamin B₁₂ levels (r = 0.395, P < 0.001) and folic acid levels (r = 0.227, P = 0.017), while there were no correlation between maternal and cord blood iron levels and transferrin saturations. Conclusion The study results showed that vitamin B₁₂ deficiency is prevalent in pregnants in this region and that 41% of infants have born with deficient vitamin B₁₂ storages. Therefore, prophylactic use of vitamin B₁₂ by pregnant women in Sanliurfa and other poor communities could have considerable benefits to prevent vitamin B₁₂ deficiency and its complications in infants.     

Evaluation of vitamin B12 status in Egypt IV: Food consumption patterns among lactating mothers and their impact on the intake of the vitamin

The adequacy of vitamin B₁₂ intake was assessed among 62 lactating mothers in the 2–32 weeks of lactation by an interactive 24-h recall and an open-ended food frequency questionnaire. Double portions of the foods consumed were sampled and assayed microbiologically for its vitamin B₁₂ content. Based on the food item and its respective vitamin B₁₂ content, combined with the usual portion size in grams and the frequency of consumption, a rapid calculator of approximate dietary vitamin B₁₂ intake was developed. The estimated vitamin B₁₂ intake averaged 4.17±0.74?µg/d. Only 25.8% of the lactating mothers had adequate vitamin B₁₂ intake (>2.5?µg vitamin B₁₂ daily). Three quarter of the studied population were consuming vitamin B₁₂<2.5?µg/d. Out of those, 50% had estimated daily intake <2.0?µg/d. This percentage prevalence confirms the additional burden on the lactating mothers to satisfy the daily vitamin B₁₂ requirement for its breast-fed baby.     

Age-Related Hearing Loss,Methylmalonic Acid,and Vitamin B12 Status in Older Adults

Abstract

Hearing loss has been associated with poor vitamin B₁₂ status in some, but not all studies. This study examined a possible relationship between age-related hearing loss and poor B₁₂ status in 93 older adults using different indices of B status. Hearing loss was defined as pure-tone average threshold > 25 decibel hearing level. Participants with methylmalonic acid (MMA) > 271 nmol/L at baseline received 1,000 μg/d, and those with MMA <271 nmol/L were randomly assigned to receive 0,25, or 100 Ltg/d of B₁₂. In a series of logistic regression analyses, compared with participants with normal hearing, those with impaired hearing had a significantly higher serum mean MMA concentrations in the best and the worst ears and a higher prevalence of elevated MMA (> 271 nmol/L) in the worst ear only. Thus, elevated MMA concentration may be associated with hearing loss in older adults. However, short-term B₁₂ supplementation was unrelated to improvements in hearing status in B₁₂-deficient individuals.     

Intake of Folate,Vitamin B6 and Vitamin B12 and the Risk of CHD: The Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Study Cohort I

Objective: To investigate the association of dietary folate, vitamin B₆ (VB₆) and vitamin B₁₂ (VB₁₂) with the risk of coronary heart disease among middle-aged persons.

Methods: A total of 40,803 subjects aged 40–59 years living in the community who were free of prior diagnoses of cardiovascular disease and cancer and who completed a food frequency questionnaire were followed from 1990–1992 to the end of 2001 in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study.

Results: After 468,472 person-years of follow-up, 251 coronary heart disease incidents were documented. Coronary heart disease and definite myocardial infarction were inversely associated with dietary intake of folate, VB₆ and VB₁₂ after adjustment for age and sex, but the associations were attenuated after further adjustment for smoking, dietary and other cardiovascular risk factors. However, among non-multivitamin supplement users, multivariable hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) in the highest vs. lowest quintiles of VB₆ intake were 0.60 (0.37–0.97) for total coronary heart disease and 0.52 (0.29–0.91) for definite myocardial infarction, and the inverse associations with VB₁₂ were marginally significant. The combination of below-median intake of three vitamins or of only B₆ conferred a twice excess risk of total coronary heart disease.

Conclusions: Dietary intake of VB₆ was associated with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease among middle-aged non-multivitamin supplement users. Dietary folate and VB₁₂ were also suggested to be protective factors for coronary heart disease.     

Folic acid and vitamin B12 supplementation lowers plasma homocysteine but has no effect on serum bone turnover markers in elderly women: a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial

An elevated homocysteine level is a newly recognized risk factor for osteoporosis. Older individuals may have elevated homocysteine levels due to inadequate folate intake and/or lower absorption of vitamin B₁₂. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is an impact of folic acid and vitamin B₁₂ supplementation on homocysteine levels and, subsequently, on bone turnover markers in older women with mildly to moderately elevated homocysteine levels. It is hypothesized that supplementation with folic acid and vitamin B₁₂ will improve homocysteine levels and, in turn, positively modify bone turnover markers in this population. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial included 31 women (65 to 93 years) with homocysteine levels greater than 10 μmol/L. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either a daily folic acid (800 μg) and vitamin B₁₂ (1000 μg) (n = 17) or a matching placebo (n = 14) for 4 months. The results showed significantly lower homocysteine concentrations in the vitamin group compared to the placebo group (10.6 vs 18.5 μmol/L, P = .007). No significant difference in serum alkaline phosphatase or C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen was found between the vitamin and placebo groups before or after supplementation. The use of folic acid and vitamin B₁₂ as a dietary supplement to improve homocysteine levels could be beneficial for older women, but additional research must be conducted in a larger population and for a longer period to determine if there is an impact of supplementation on bone turnover markers or other indicators of bone health.