共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 265 毫秒
1.
研究了不同填充量的反应型和添加型含磷阻燃剂对阻燃环氧树脂力学性能和阻燃性能的影响,并对比研究了2种类型阻燃环氧树脂的热稳定性。结果表明,反应型阻燃剂中9,10-二氢-9-氧-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物(DOPO)阻燃环氧树脂的力学性能和阻燃性能好于6-氢-二苯并[c,e][1,2]氧磷酰杂-6-甲醇,6-氧化物(DOPO-CH2OH),添加型阻燃剂中三聚氰胺磷酸盐(MP)阻燃环氧树脂的性能好于聚磷酸铵(APP);2种类型阻燃剂相比,2种反应型阻燃剂阻燃环氧树脂的力学性能、阻燃性能和热稳定性均好于添加型的MP和APP阻燃剂。 相似文献
2.
3.
PC/ABS合金用磷酸酯阻燃剂应用进展 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
概述了国外用于PC/ABS合金的磷酸酯阻燃剂单磷酸酯、双磷酸酯和磷酸胺的现状与研究进展。近年来许多跨国公司在PCJABS合金的阻燃剂上投入大量的研究工作。近期发表的关于PC/ABS合金阻燃剂的专利数目大大超过了任何一种聚合物阻燃剂的专利数量。由于聚碳酸酯是燃烧成炭率很高的聚合物,以固相作用为主的阻燃剂尤其是磷酸酯成为PC/ABS合金阻燃剂的最佳选择。 相似文献
4.
聚合物/层状硅酸盐(PLS)纳米复合材料是国内外阻燃材料领域中近年来研究的热点。它满足了新型阻燃材料发展的要求,在提高阻燃性能的同时能够很少降低或者不降低材料原有的其他性能,有时甚至可以提高部分聚合物基体的机械性能、气体阻隔性能、环保性能等。本文综述了聚合物/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的研究近况;简要介绍了该纳米复合材料的特点及阻燃性能的测试;讨论了其燃烧性能和阻燃机理;重点研究了以聚酰胺(PA)等聚合物为基质、以层状硅酸盐为无机阻燃添加剂的纳米复合材料的阻燃性能。通过与常规阻燃剂进行比较,发现聚合物/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料在阻燃性能、机械性能、加工性能和环保等方面均优于常规阻燃剂;最后本文还指出了该材料在阻燃研究中目前尚存在的问题,并对其开发应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
5.
软质聚氨酯泡沫(FPUF)是聚氨酯材料的主要产品之一,由于其较低的密度和热传导率而易燃,在燃烧过程中会放出大量烟雾和有毒气体,对FPUF进行阻燃处理尤为重要。卤系阻燃剂由于存在潜在的毒性和环境问题而受到限制,因此FPUF的无卤阻燃技术是今后主要的研究方向。本文综述了近年有关软质聚氨酯泡沫无卤阻燃技术的研究进展,包括添加型无卤阻燃剂法、反应型无卤阻燃剂法、层层组装涂层法。指出开发高相对分子质量、含多种阻燃元素的有机添加型阻燃剂和膨胀型阻燃剂以及复配型阻燃剂,解决层层组装涂层法的组装慢等问题将是FPUF无卤阻燃技术的发展趋势。 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
随着高分子材料在人类生产生活中的广泛应用,其防火安全性问题日益凸显,高效环保阻燃抑烟剂的开发成为当前材料领域亟待解决的问题之一。然而,与发展较为成熟的阻燃剂研究领域相比,世界各国在抑烟剂方面的研究普遍处于起步和初期发展阶段。同时,多数抑烟剂的研究处于阻燃剂的从属地位,即在阻燃剂的基础上附加抑烟的性能,对单功能抑烟剂的开发重视度不够,限制了其进一步的发展。高分子材料中结构和官能团的多样性使其燃烧和发烟机理有显著不同,因此针对不同种类的高分子材料的燃烧和发烟过程,其阻燃和抑烟剂在组成和结构上的设计亦应有明显区别。以同一种材料实现阻燃和抑烟的兼顾,往往顾此失彼,导致两者性能均无法得到最大的发挥。因此,本文提出将阻燃剂和抑烟剂的功能分离开来的设计思想,加强单功能抑烟剂的研究投入,对阻燃/抑烟材料的化学组成和结构分别进行有针对性的设计,再进行功能优化复配,将是实现高分子材料高效阻燃抑烟的有效途径之一。 相似文献
9.
This paper presents an overview of the recent literature on flame retardancy of polycarbonate (PC) and polycarbonate‐based resins. A brief survey of the major mechanisms of thermal decomposition of PC is also presented because it gives insight in the mechanisms of flame retardant action. Mostly industrial laboratories are involved in the development of new flame retardants for PC and, to a much lesser extent, academic laboratories are doing research on the mechanistic aspects of flame retardancy. The number of patents published annually on the flame retardancy of PC and its blends significantly exceeds the number of patents on flame retardancy of any other polymer. Because PC is a naturally high charring polymer, the condensed phase active flame retardants, in particular phosphorus‐based ones, are widely used in PC‐based blends. Plain PC can pass stringent flame retardant tests with very low additions of some sulfur‐ or silicone‐based flame retardants. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
10.
PVC是一种应用广泛的高分子材料,但因其具有热稳定性差、易燃烧、发烟量大的缺点而限制了发展,因此PVC的阻燃与抑烟成为阻燃科学研究领域的关键问题之一。纳米型阻燃抑烟剂克服了传统型阻燃抑烟剂添加量大、阻燃抑烟效果不明显的缺点,为研究和解决PVC阻燃抑烟提供了一个新途径。本文介绍了PVC纳米阻燃抑烟剂的制备方法、表征手段及其在PVC中的应用以及PVC降解、阻燃与抑烟的表征,最后简要论述PVC阻燃抑烟的发展趋势。 相似文献
11.
苯乙烯系阻燃塑料合金的研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
综述了国内外近年来在苯乙烯系阻燃塑料合金方面的研究进展。主要介绍了高聚物型卤系阻燃剂、磷系阻燃剂、有机硅系阻燃剂的特性及其在提高苯乙烯系塑料合金阻燃性能方面的应用。与目前常用的低分子卤系阻燃剂相比,这些阻燃剂对环境污染小,对塑料基材的机械性能和加工性能损害程度少。此外,还简要介绍了纳米复合技术在提高苯乙烯系塑料阻燃性能中的应用。 相似文献
12.
采用具有阻燃功能的高分子改性剂M_L、有机阻燃剂多溴代烷和无机阻燃剂Sb_2O_3对炭黑/HDPE复合材料的燃烧性能研究后表明:三种阻燃剂均可使炭黑填充HDPE复合型导电塑料阻燃化,但性能上有所差异。 相似文献
13.
14.
综述了聚丙烯用阻燃剂的3种阻燃作用机理,包括气相阻燃、凝聚相阻燃、中断热交换阻燃机理。重点介绍了聚丙烯用阻燃剂的研究开发进展,包括水合金属化合物阻燃剂、磷系阻燃剂、膨胀型阻燃剂、硅系阻燃剂、纳米阻燃剂等。最后,指出纳米无机阻燃剂、膨胀型阻燃剂以及具有高效阻燃、低烟、无毒的复配阻燃剂是聚丙烯用阻燃剂未来的发展趋势。 相似文献
15.
苯乙烯系阻燃塑料合金的研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
综述了国内外近年来在苯乙烯系阻燃塑料合金方面的研究进展。主要介绍了高聚物型卤系阻燃剂、磷系阻燃剂、有机硅系阻燃剂等阻燃剂的特性及其在提高苯乙烯系塑料合金阻燃性能方面的应用,这些阻燃剂对环境友好,不仅能显著提高塑料基材的阻燃性能,而且力学性能和加工性能也得到改善。此外,还简要介绍了纳米复合技术在提高苯乙烯系塑料阻燃性能中的应用。 相似文献
16.
综述了近年研发及生产的聚氨酯泡沫塑料(PUF)用阻燃剂(FR),它们大多为无卤型,且高效、低雾值及低VOC(Volatile Organic Content)值,顺应环保及阻燃法规日益严格的要求。文中涉及的FR有添加型及反应型齐聚磷酸酯、齐聚膦酸酯、磷酸酯,膦酸酯、磷-氮系反应型膦酸酯及很多新的复配阻燃系统。文中还比较详细地叙述了一些五溴二苯醚(PeBDPO)禁用后问世的低烧芯FR。此外,论文还讨论了PUF用FR当前面临的变化。 相似文献
17.
The improved flame retardancy of asphalt binders containing various kinds of flame retardants including antimony trioxide, decabromodiphenyl ether (EBPED), aluminium trihydroxide (ATH) and zinc borate (ZB) under different additive concentrations was investigated by limited oxygen index (LOI) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test. To assess the effects of the type and concentration of the flame retardants on rheological properties of asphalt binders, the softening point, penetration, ductility, storage stability and viscosity were tested. The thin film oven test (TFOT) was used to investigate the effect of short-term oxidation on flame-resistant asphalt binders. Experimental results indicated that all of selected flame retardants had a relatively small effect of rheological properties of the asphalt binders, but a great effect on flame retardancy. Asphalt binder with LOI of 25.9 was obtained by adding 6 wt% mixed flame retardants of EBPED: antimony trioxide: ZB=3:1:1 by mass. Asphalt binder was transformed from inflammable materials into flame retardant materials. Therefore, the asphalt binder with both good flame retardancy and rheological properties is a novel road functional material to meet two respects' demands as flame retardant materials and road materials at the same time. 相似文献
18.
Hengxing Cheng Junhong Guo Yuan Ye Tianjing Zhao Jinfeng Cui Baoping Yang Bo Mu Li Tian Xuemei Bao Xiujun Zhang Yingping Zhou 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2024,141(5):e54885
In recent years, the poor weather resistance and aging resistance of additive flame retardants have caused researchers to pay attention to reactive flame retardants. A novel P-N coacting epoxy curing agent with intrinsic flame retardancy was designed and synthesized. The mechanical properties, crosslinking curing properties and flame-retardant properties of intrinsic flame-retardant epoxy resin were characterized. The results show that the cross-linking curing performance of hexa (3,5-diamino-1,2,4 triazolyl)-cyclotriphosphonitrile) (VCP) is lower than that of DDM. This is due to the decrease in cross-linking density caused by the VCP ring molecular structure. Therefore, the mechanical properties of the epoxy resin cured with VCP decreased, but the flame-retardant properties of the material significantly improved. The limiting oxygen index of the VCP/EP flame retardant epoxy thermosets was 27.3%, reaching the UL 94 V-1 level. The peak heat release rate and total heat release rate of the VCP/EP flame retardant epoxy thermosets were significantly reduced. The flame retardancy mechanism was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that the intrinsic flame-retardant P-N coacting epoxy resin has excellent curing and flame-retardant properties. 相似文献
19.
ABS阻燃技术主要包括:添加型阻燃体系、反应型阻燃体系、难燃聚物混合体系,添加型阻燃体系被广范的应用于ABS树脂阻燃领域。本文对ABS树脂添加型阻燃体系所包括卤化阻燃体系和非卤化阻燃体系进行了介绍,并阐述了不同阻燃体系的优势及所存在的问题,对不同阻燃体系的发展进行了展望。 相似文献
20.
《Plastics, Additives and Compounding》2002,4(10):22-28
Nanocomposites are a new class of polymer systems. Modified layered silicates as fillers are dispersed at a nanometre-level within a polymer matrix and new extraordinary properties are observed. Through nanocomposite formation the thermal stability and flame retardancy of polymers are also improved. The flame retardancy of layered silicate nanocomposites is based on char formation and its structure. Dr. Günter Beyer of Kabelwerk Eupen AG in Belgium reviews the current state of development of nanocomposites as a new class of flame retardants for polymers. 相似文献