基于组合模理论设计的激光二极管阵列外腔

针对激光二极管阵列提出了"组合模"概念,计算了组合模的远场分布.每个组合模在远场的空间分布呈双瓣结构.基于激光二极管阵列组合模的远场分布特征,设计了离轴外腔反馈的激光二极管阵列.运用此装置所获得激光二极管阵列的远场分布有了明显变化.与自由运转的激光二极管阵列相比,离轴外腔反馈的激光二极管阵列远场宽度减少了4.3倍.在抽运电流为16 A时,测得输出激光的功率1.82 W,这相当于相同电流下自由运转激光器输出功率的79%.组合模理论不仅可以用来指导设计一维离轴外腔反馈激光二极管阵列,而且也可以用于设计二维离轴外腔反馈激光二极管阵列.二维离轴外腔反馈激光二极管阵列可以产生高功率,高光束质量输出的激光.     

Talbot外腔压窄线阵大功率半导体激光器输出谱宽

线阵半导体激光器（LDA）内部发光元周期排列,基于Talbot效应,改进传统Littrow外腔窄线宽系统,在Littrow外腔中置入反射率为20%平平镜构成Talbot外腔以进一步窄化激光器输出谱宽,并将外腔窄线宽输出通过铷池进行吸收实验。实验结果表明:铷池对Tablot外腔输出吸收系数比Littrow外腔吸收系数相对提高42.9%,说明Talbot外腔能有效提高外腔输出谱宽的均匀性,提高半导体激光器泵浦效率。     

窄线宽、高光束质量的外腔双反馈激光二极管阵列(英文)

设计了一种离轴双反馈外腔能够有效地改善激光二极管阵列的线宽和光束质量。闪耀光栅和高反镜之间形成了一个共振腔。通过调整光栅和高反镜之间的倾角可以选定一个空间模在共振腔中放大。将一个半波片插入外腔中的光栅反馈支路,来控制反馈光的数量,激光从光栅反馈支路输出。运用这项技术,在工作电流16 A,可以把激光二极管阵列的输出线宽压缩到0.15 nm,光束束宽积减小到283 mm.mrad。由于光栅的锁定作用,中心波长几乎不随温度的变化而改变。在工作电流17A时,输出激光的功率为2.44 W,斜率效率为0.5 W/A。     

二极管激光阵列在Talbot外腔中同相模的选择

 从理论和实验上对二极管激光阵列在Talbot外腔中的锁相进行了研究。在同相模和异相模近场分布的基础上，利用1维情况下的菲涅耳衍射公式计算了其远场分布。根据同相模和异相模在Talbot腔中的分布特性，采用1/2 Talbot腔并将外腔镜倾斜一个角度a的方法既能选择同相模，又能使模式的功率损耗最小。二极管激光阵列芯片采用CD金刚石材料,“三明治”结构对其进行封装，明显地减小了阵列的“smile”效应。在实验中实现了二极管激光阵列同相模的锁相输出，远场单瓣模的半高全宽为0.11 mm。     

利用外腔改善半导体激光器列阵的远场特性

采用一个由快轴准直透镜和一个高反射率平面镜组成的简单外腔,在腔长为几个cm时实现了半导体激光器列阵中部分单元的锁相运行;DLA远场出现了3个瓣,每瓣发散角为10 mrad左右,对比度为50%;通过控制部分单元的输出,可以抑制旁瓣的能量.     

切削用量对铝靶表面质量的影响

采用单点金刚石切削技术，完成了对ICF实验用铝靶的切削加工，重点研究了切削用量对加工表面质量的影响。实验结果表明:采用较小的进给速度，较大的主轴转速能够获得较低的表面粗糙度，切削深度对表面质量影响较小。通过Form Talysurf 表面轮廓仪测量，结果表明表面粗糙度小于50 nm。     

Achieving single-lobed far-field patterns of broad area laser diode with external cavity feedback

We demonstrate a technique for single transverse mode operation of high-power broad area laser diode (BAL). In the experiment, the HR mirror is used as an external cavity mirror and the grating is used as a wavelength selective component. By tiling the HR mirror and the grating, the number of transverse modes oscillating in the cavity can be limited and the spectral bandwidth of the laser diode can be reduced. A single-lobed near diffraction-limited laser beam with the beam divergence (FWHM) of 0.43°, the spectral line-width of 0.7 nm and the output power of 350 mW are obtained. With the feedback, the power density of the output laser beam is increased 6 times in comparison with the free running.     

Line-Width Reduction of a Laser Diode Array Using an External Cavity with Two Feedback Mirrors

A novel Littman-Metcalf external cavity laser diode array with two feedback mirrors is introduced. The linewidth broadening effect caused by smile can be reduced by the novel external cavity. At the drive current of 16A, the line-width is narrowed to 0.1 nm from free-running width of 1.6 nm with output efficiency of 84%.     

Single-lobed Near Diffraction-limited Beam from 1W Laser Diode Array with an External Cavity

Abstract　An external cavity for the laser diode array with a conventional mirror in what we call two-time self-injection operation is presented. The external cavity consists of two lenses, a flat external mirror(EM) in the image plane of the array and a prism that is used as an output coupler. The single-lobed near diffraction-limited far field beam of a 1 W 10-stripe gain-guided LD array lies at 6.4°～9° with the external cavity operation in two-time self-injection mode, whereas at 2.5°～3.0° for its normal feedback operation. The width of the far field beam (FWHM) is 0.43° and 0.63° at driving current of 2 and 3.2 ×Ithr, respectively, much narrower than that in normal feedback operation, but at the expense of lower output power. The output of the system is very stable and insensitive to the tilt and position of the EM.     

Single-lobed Near Diffraction-limited Beam from 1W Laser Diode Array with an External Cavity

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Study on a broad-area laser diode with external cavity feedback

The external cavity feedback of a broad-area laser diode is investigated. In Fourier optic methods, the inserted prism in an external cavity can be interpreted as a spatial filter in the Fourier plane of the laser diode. The transverse mode can be selected by changing the position of the filter. As the result of a self-consistency theoretical analysis, the output beam of the external cavity has a single-lobed far-field profile. It agrees well with the experiment result. The beam times-diffraction-limit-factor M² is measured to be 1.16.     

激光二极管自混合干涉信号随外腔长度衰减

理论分析了激光二极管自混合干涉信号随外腔长度增大的变化特点及规律。从复合谐振腔干涉函数出发,推导出激光二极管自混合干涉信号随外腔长度增加指数衰减,衰减系数与光频虚部成正比,并给出光频虚部和实部满足的超越方程组。求解该超越方程组得到,当外腔长度超过一个临界值时,光频虚部随外腔长度近似反比衰减,则激光二极管自混合干涉信号随外腔长度增加衰减很缓慢;当外腔长度小于该临界值时,外腔反馈会使光频虚部增大,而且光频虚部随外腔长度变化而振荡,激光二极管自混合干涉信号出现复杂的状态。外腔反馈强度越大,或激光单模线宽越大,这一外腔长度的临界值则越小。分析激光二极管自混合干涉还需要考虑外腔反馈对光频虚部的影响。     

双峰远场结构的激光二极管阵列光场传输特性

提出了一种描述激光二极管阵列(Laser Diode Array,LDA)双峰远场结构的光场新模型,该模型同时考虑了激光二极管阵列垂直于结平面大发散角的传输特性,基于亥姆霍兹方程的远场解,运用非傍轴光传输理论分析,得到描述激光二极管阵列远场光分布模型,其结果与实验测量结果吻合较好.     

A smile insensitive method for spectral linewidth narrowing on high power laser diode arrays

To eliminate the smile effect in spectral linewidth narrowing on high power laser diode arrays, we have introduced a plane reflective mirror into a common Littrow configuration external cavity to enhance the correlation among emitters. By this way, we obtained uniform spectral distribution among emitters of a 64-elements laser diode array with 35 GHz linewidth and 41 W output laser power.     

半导体激光器列阵在外腔下的光谱特性

使用普通高反镜作为19个单元的半导体激光器列阵(LDA)的外腔,通过调节高反镜的位置和角度,使LDA发出的光反馈回有源层,从而压窄了输出光谱并降低了LDA的阈值电流.实验中,运行于外腔下的LDA在不同的驱动电流下的输出光谱均被压窄到了原来的1/10左右,阈值电流从7 A降到了5.5 A,并且在9 A的偏置电流下输出功率提高了2倍.     

External Cavity Tuning of Coherent Quantum Cascade Laser Array Emitting at ～7.6μm

An external cavity quantum cascade laser(QCL)array with a wide tuning range and high output power is presented.The coherent QCL array combined with a diffraction grating and gold mirror is tuned in the Littrow configuration.Taking advantage of the single-lobed fundamental supermode far-field pattern,the tuning capability of 30.6 cm~(-1)is achieved with a fixed injected current of 3.5 A at room temperature.Single-mode emission can be observed in the entire process.The maximum single-mode output power of the external cavity setup is as high as 25 mW and is essential in real applications.     

Nanometer-scale displacement sensing using self-mixing interferometry with a correlation-based signal processing technique

A self-mixing interferometer is proposed to measure nanometre-scale optical path length changes in the interferometer’s external cavity. As light source, the developed technique uses a blue emitting GaN laser diode. An external reflector, a silicon mirror, driven by a piezo nanopositioner is used to produce an interference signal which is detected with the monitor photodiode of the laser diode. Changing the optical path length of the external cavity introduces a phase difference to the interference signal. This phase difference is detected using a signal processing algorithm based on Pearson’s correlation coefficient and cubic spline interpolation techniques. The results show that the average deviation between the measured and actual displacements of the silicon mirror is 3.1 nm in the 0–110 nm displacement range. Moreover, the measured displacements follow linearly the actual displacement of the silicon mirror. Finally, the paper considers the effects produced by the temperature and current stability of the laser diode as well as dispersion effects in the external cavity of the interferometer. These reduce the sensor’s measurement accuracy especially in long-term measurements.     

Observation of multi-path interference in broad-area semiconductor lasers with optical feedback

Multi-path interference effects induced by optical feedback in broad-area semiconductor lasers is experimentally studied. An external mirror and an internal laser cavity form a closed composite optical feedback loop. For a very small tilt of the external mirror for the exit facet along the stripe width of the active layer, the light emitted from the laser undergoes multi-path reflections in the composite cavity, and we therefore observe multi-path interference effects of the laser oscillations for a small mirror tilt. The laser output power always shows the fundamental mode of the single feedback loop together with an oscillation of a certain higher multi-path loop. The laser oscillation and the beam profile are strongly dependent on the tilt. We observed up to a nine-fold multi-path interference in the experiment.     

采用多波长光束组合改善二极管激光阵列的光束质量

 基于多波长光束组合技术，利用光栅的衍射和外腔的反馈，将二极管阵列的发光单元锁定在不同的波长上，相邻单元的出射光波长有微小的差异。从外腔耦合镜输出近似平行的光束，其光束质量等同于单个发光单元的光束质量,而组合光束亮度随着组合光束个数定标放大。实验中采用发光单元宽度为100 μm、填充因子为0.5、由49个单元构成的1 cm 阵列获得功率为2.39 W的输出光束，其光谱宽度为27 nm，远场光斑的直径为0.08 mm，对应的远场发散角为1.2 mrad，其光束质量因子约为28，与单个发光单元的光束质量相当。     

Development of narrow-linewidth diode lasers by use of volume holographic transmission gratings

We present two diode laser setups that employ volume holographic transmission gratings to provide optical feedback. The advantage of this kind of grating is high diffraction efficiency and the possibility to place optical elements on both sides of the grating. This allows for advanced external cavities and adjustable feedback efficiency. The first setup is a diode laser in the Littman configuration with the transmission grating replacing the conventional reflection grating. The second setup improves the frequency selectivity by substituting the feedback mirror with a passive resonator. This grating-enhanced external cavity diode laser (GECDL) achieves excellent frequency stability. A prototype of the GECDL setup demonstrates an intrinsic linewidth of 7 kHz and an operation range that covers the full amplification profile of the laser diode.