心电图对急性下壁心肌梗死患者梗死相关血管判断的价值

目的探讨心电图(ECG)对急性下壁心肌梗死患者梗死相关血管(IRA)判断的价值。方法筛选2002年7月～2004年7月我院心内科住院的急性下壁心肌梗死患者60例,回顾性分析其症状发作后24小时内ECG改变。结果Ⅰ导联ST段抬高,ST段抬高Ⅲ导联>Ⅱ导联,导联V4RST段抬高≥0.5mm,V1和V2导联ST段抬高或压低,aVR导联ST段压低。5项标准可用于判断急性下壁心肌梗死患者的IRA,而aVR导联ST段压低为一项新的标准。结论aVR导联ST段压低为判断急性下壁心肌梗死患者梗死相关血管(IRA)的新标准。     

急性心肌梗死心电图“镜象”导联ST段改变的临床意义

为了研究急性心肌梗死患者梗死部位呈“镜象“的心电图导联ST段改变的临床意义，回顾性分析166例首次发生急性心肌梗死患者的临床资料、心电图改变情况和冠状动脉造影结果。结果发现，发生下壁急性心肌梗死时，伴有胸前导联V4-V6ST段压低者比不伴有ST段压低者血清肌酸激酶水平、心律失常和心功能不全的发生率明显增高，左室射血分数明显为低，冠状动脉左前降支和多支冠状动脉血管病变的发生率也明显升高。发生前壁急性心肌梗死时，伴有下壁导联ST段压低者较无ST改变者梗死相关动脉左前降支近端病变的发生率明显升高，但血清肌酸激酶水平、左室射血分数和急性心肌梗死临床并发症的发生率差异均无显著性。提示下壁急性心肌梗死伴胸前导联V4-V6ST段压低者下壁心肌梗死范围可能较大，或合并存在左前降支和多支冠状动脉的病变，且并发症较多；前壁急性心肌梗死伴下壁导联ST段压低者可能多为左前降支近端病变，早期再灌注治疗将有利于改善预后。     

肢体导联ST段改变对急性前壁心肌梗死患者冠脉闭塞部位的预测价值

目的：结合冠状动脉造影结果分析肢体导联ST段改变对判断急性前壁心肌梗死患者冠脉闭塞部位的预测价值。方法入选84例因急性前壁梗死行冠状动脉造影检查的患者,对其发病后心电图肢体导联ST段改变的情况进行分析。结果冠状动脉造影发现,前降支近端病变（伴或不伴远端病变）,肢体导联Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF多表现为ST段压低≥0．1 mV;前降支远端病变（不伴近端病变）,肢体导联Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF的ST段多表现为抬高或无明显压低。结论对于急性前壁心肌梗死患者,心电图肢体导联ST段改变可以预测冠状动脉闭塞部位,对早期诊断和治疗方案选择有一定的指导意义。     

急性下壁心肌梗死ST段改变的临床意义

目的 探讨急性下壁心肌梗死时ST段特征性改变的临床意义.方法 急性下壁心肌梗死病人58例,了解心电图ST段改变与冠状动脉造影结果及24 h动态心电图结果的关系.结果 当STⅢ大于STⅡ,87%梗死相关动脉为右冠状动脉,而STⅢ小于STⅡ时,69%梗死相关动脉为左回旋支,梗死相关动脉为右冠状动脉只占31%.58例病人中单支血管病变22例(38%),伴胸导联ST改变者6例(27%);多支病变36例(62%),伴胸导联ST段改变者34例(94%);伴胸导联ST段改变者严重的房室传导阻滞及室性心律失常的发生率均较不伴胸导联ST段改变者高(P＜0.05).结论 急性下壁心肌梗死时ST段抬高Ⅱ/Ⅲ的比值有助于梗死相关动脉的判断;伴胸导联改变者常提示多支冠状动脉病变,并且严重的房室传导阻滞和室性心律失常明显增多.     

急性下壁心肌梗死ST段改变与梗死相关动脉的关系

目的探讨急性下壁心肌梗死心电图改变与相关梗死动脉的关系。方法57例急性下壁心梗心电图改变与冠状动脉造影对比分析。结果①当STⅢ>STⅡ,86.4%梗死相关动脉为右冠状动脉,而STⅢ相似文献   

第一对角支病变致急性心肌梗死的心电图特点

目的分析第一对角支病变导致急性心肌梗死患者的心电图特点,寻找相关规律。方法回顾性分析本院急性心肌梗死患者数据库,筛选经冠脉造影证实梗死相关血管为第一对角支的心电图资料,分析其心电图特点。结果 6例患者冠状动脉造影结果显示4例为对角支急性闭塞,2例为次全闭塞伴血栓形成。ST段抬高的导联多见于a VL、I、V_2导联,所有6例患者均表现为aVL导联ST段抬高,抬高幅度(0.11±0.05)mV,其余ST段抬高患者中I导联有3例,V_2导联3例。ST段压低的导联多见于Ⅲ、Ⅱ、aVF导联,所有6例患者均表现为Ⅲ导联ST段压低,压低幅度为(0.09±0.04)mV,其余ST段压低患者中Ⅱ、aVF导联各有4例。结论第一对角支病变导致急性心肌梗死的心电图特点为a VL导联伴或不伴I、V_2导联ST段抬高,Ⅲ导联伴或不伴Ⅱ、aVF导联ST段压低。     

aVR导联对急性下壁心肌梗死罪犯血管的预测价值

目的通过与冠状动脉造影（CAG）对比，研究aVR导联ST段改变的特征对急性下壁心肌梗死的相关动脉定位的意义。方法对比65例急性心肌梗死，其中右冠状动脉近段闭塞26例、右冠状动脉远段闭塞29例、左叫旋支（LCX）闭塞10例，分析在病人胸痛发作12h内的心电图变化。结果三组病人下壁导联的ST段抬高差异无统计学意义，伴aVR导联ST段压低，提示右冠状动脉（RCA）闭塞，如不伴aVR导!联卯段膻低，则提示LCX闭塞，右冠状动脉近段闭寒，不影响胸前导联ST段，心电图指标阳性预测值96．7％；右冠状动脉远段闭塞则构成V1～V3导联ST段压低，阳性预测值83％；LCX闭塞虽不影响aVR导联卯段，但构成V1～V3导联ST段压低，阳性预测值87％。结论急性下壁心肌梗死早期除下壁导联ST段抬高外，是否合并aVR导联ST段压低，是区别RCA闭塞或LCX闭塞的关键指标。对预后和决定是否采取血管厦建治疗具有重要的参考价值。     

急性下壁心肌梗死ST段改变与冠状动脉病变的相关性研究

目的探讨急性下壁心肌梗死ST段特征与冠状动脉病变的关系.方法对42例急性下壁心肌梗死患者的ST段与冠状动脉造影结果进行回顾性分析.结果42例患者单支血管病变16例(38.1%),双支以上病变26例(61.9%),其中伴胸导联ST段改变者23例(88.5%).11例急性下壁合并正后壁心肌梗死者胸导联ST段压低者8例(72.7%).结论急性下壁心肌梗死伴胸导联ST段改变者提示多支病变,伴胸导联ST段压低者多提示合并正后壁心肌梗死.     

急性下壁心肌梗死Ⅱ、Ⅲ导联ST段比值与冠状动脉造影对照分析

目的探讨心电图对急性下壁心肌梗死相关冠状动脉梗死相关动脉及合并右心室梗死的判断价值。方法对照分析95例急性下壁心肌梗死入院时的心电图Ⅱ、Ⅲ导联ST段抬高比值及Ⅰ、aVL导联ST段偏移与冠状动脉造影梗死相关动脉的关系。结果95例患者中,74例右冠状动脉(RCA)阻塞所致者ST段抬高Ⅲ/Ⅱ>1、≤1分别为70例、4例;Ⅰ、aVL导联ST段抬高或等电位线4例,压低70例(P<0.05)。而21例左回旋支(LCX)阻塞所致者ST段抬高Ⅲ/Ⅱ>1、<1分别为4、17例。Ⅰ、aVL导联ST段抬高或等电位线17例、压低4例(P<0.05)。合并右心室梗死13例中,以Ⅲ/Ⅱ>1判断,11例合并右心室心肌梗死(P<0.05)。结论急性下壁心肌梗死梗死相关动脉以RCA病变为主,少部分为LCX病变。Ⅰ、aVL导联抬高或等电位线多见于LCX病变,Ⅰ、aVL导联ST段压低则对诊断RCA阻塞具有很高的价值。ST段Ⅲ/Ⅱ>1判定急性下壁心肌梗死合并右心室梗死有一定的价值。     

急性下壁心肌梗死心电图与冠脉造影对照分析

目的探讨急性下壁心肌梗死心电图判断罪犯血管的准确性。方法对照分析2013年~2015年我院收治的急性下壁心肌梗死患者100例入院时心电图Ⅱ、Ⅲ标准导联的ST段抬高比例及Ⅰ、AVL导联的ST段是否偏移与冠状动脉造影显示的梗死相关罪犯血管的对应关系。结果 100例患者中,76例右冠状动脉急性闭塞所致ST段抬高Ⅲ/Ⅱ1占71例,ST段抬Ⅲ/Ⅱ≤1占5例;Ⅰ、AVL导联ST段抬高或等电位线5例,Ⅰ、AVL导联ST段压低71例;24例左回旋支急性闭塞所致者ST段抬高Ⅲ/Ⅱ1占5例、ST段抬Ⅲ/Ⅱ≤1占19例;Ⅰ、AVL导联ST段抬高或等电位线19例,Ⅰ、AVL导联ST段压低5例。结论急性下壁心肌硬死相关罪犯血管以右冠状动脉病变为多,少部分为回旋支病变;Ⅰ、AVL导联抬高或等电位线多见于回旋支闭塞,Ⅰ、AVL导联ST段压低则对诊断右冠状动脉闭塞具有很高的价值。     

体表心电图预测下壁心肌梗塞的梗塞相关动脉

目的 探讨下壁急性心肌梗塞的初始心电图能否预测梗塞相关动脉(IRA)以及合并存在的冠状动脉病变是否会改变这种预测能力.方法 102例下壁AMI病人在入院时记录标准十二导联心电图的ST段移位情况,并在住院期间行冠状动脉造影确定IRA,分析心电图ST移位与梗塞相关动脉的关系.结果(1)双左回旋支(LCX)为IRA的病人和以右冠状动脉(RC)为IRA的病人相比,前者V_1或V_2导联ST段压低的发生率明显高于后者(分别为80%和43%,P<0.01),前者I导联ST段抬高或位于等电位线的发生率也高于后者(分别为63%和27%,P<0.05);(2)根据V_1或V_2导联ST段压低判断LCX为IRA的敏感性、特异性和阴性预测值分别为83%、56%和93%.结论 下壁AMI时V_1或V_2导联ST段压低是判断LCX作为IRA敏感指标,并具有很高的阴性预测值,合并存在的冠状动脉病变不会改变这种预测能力.     

Electrocardiographic and coronary arteriographic correlations during acute myocardial infarction

One hundred fifty-two patients underwent cardiac catheterization and coronary arteriography within 6.3 ± 6.0 hours from the onset of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). All had standard 12-lead electrocardiograms recorded within 1 hour of cardiac catheterization. The electrocardiographic abnormalities present were correlated with the infarctrelated artery as determined by coronary arteriography. ST-segment elevation was the most common finding in patients with the left anterior descending (LAD) or right coronary artery as the infarct-related artery. ST-segment depression was the most common abnormality in patients with the left circumflex (LC), artery as the infarct-related artery. A classic pattern of anteroseptal AMI was seen in 93% of all patients with the LAD as the infarct-related artery. A classic pattern of inferior AMI was seen in 53% of patients with right or LC narrowing taken as 1 group. The pattern of true posterior and isolated lateral wall AMI in the absence of classic changes in the inferior leads was highly specific and predictive of LC narrowing. In contrast, the pattern of an inferior wall AMI, in the absence of true posterior or lateral wall changes, was highly specific and predictive of right coronary artery narrowing. Fifty-six percent of patients with LC artery as the infarct-related artery presented with non-classic electrocardiographic abnormalities. The electrocardiographic patterns in patients with subtotal occlusions were similar to those of patients with total occlusions. Thus, the electrocardiogram obtained in the first few hours of AMI is reliable in localizing the LAD as the infarct-related artery. Certain patterns are specific but not sensitive in localizing the right coronary artery as opposed to the LC artery as the infarct-related artery. Presentation with signs and symptoms of AMI and a nonclassic electrocardiogram is suggestive of LC narrowing.     

ECG discrimination between right and left circumflex coronary arterial occlusion in patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction: value of old criteria and use of lead aVR

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Prior studies have proposed several ECG criteria for identifying the culprit artery in patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction (MI). We applied each criterion to our patients to assess its utility. In doing so, we discovered a previously unreported, but highly useful, criterion utilizing lead aVR. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review. PATIENTS: Thirty consecutive patients with symptoms of acute MI, ST-segment elevation in the inferior ECG leads, an appropriate rise and fall of creatine kinase and troponin I levels, and coronary arteriography within 7 days of the onset of symptoms. MEASUREMENTS: The ECG recorded within 24 h of the onset of symptoms that had the most prominent ST-segment changes was analyzed. In the 12 standard leads and in lead V(4)R, ST-segment elevation or depression was measured 0.06 s after the J point. RESULTS: Four previously described criteria were useful in identifying the right coronary artery (RCA) or the left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) as the culprit: ST-segment elevation in lead I, ST-segment more or less elevated in lead II than in lead III, ST-segment elevation >or= 0.5 mm in lead V(4)R, and various combinations of ST-segment elevation or depression in leads V(1) and V(2). A new criterion was found to be at least as useful as any previously described: the presence and amount of ST-segment depression in lead aVR. CONCLUSIONS: At least five different ST-segment criteria help to identify the RCA or the LCX as the culprit artery in patients with acute inferior MI. One of these, the amount of ST-segment depression in lead aVR, has not been reported previously and needs validation in a larger study.     

aVR 导联对急性心肌梗死中左主干病变的诊断意义

目的：通过分析急性心肌梗死患者12导联心电图,探讨心电图对左主干病变的诊断意义。方法对急性心肌梗死并行冠脉造影术的4914例患者进行分层随机抽样,根据造影结果,将样本分为左主干病变组及非左主干病变组。记录两组一般临床资料,盲法测量两组心电图,对比两组得出预测左主干病变的指标。结果二元 logistic 回归分析表明,aVR 导联 ST 段抬高≥0．05 mV（OR：8．160,P ＜0．05）是左主干病变的独立预测因子。联合 aVR 导联ST 段抬高≥0．05 mV、V4～V6导联 ST 段压低、≥5个导联 ST 段压低、aVF 导联低电压、QRS 波群时限＞100 ms 这5个无创性指标,可将确诊左主干病变的概率从25．19％提高到69．24％。5个心电图指标的阳性预测值分别为52．63％、32．73％、26．39％、16．22％和22．22％。结论心电图对急性心肌梗死中左主干病变的预测是可行的。aVR 导联 ST 段抬高≥0．05 mV 是预测左主干病变良好的心电图指标,联合多指标可提高心电图对左主干病变的诊断价值。     

ST-segment depression in lead aVR: a useful predictor of impaired myocardial reperfusion in patients with inferior acute myocardial infarction

STUDY OBJECTIVE: During inferior acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the ECG lead aVR is frequently ignored, and therefore its clinical significance remains unclear. We examined the relation between ST-segment deviation seen in lead aVR on ECGs obtained at hospital admission and myocardial reperfusion in patients who have experienced recanalized inferior AMIs. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective study. PATIENTS: A total of 225 patients with inferior AMIs in whom Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction grade 3 flow was achieved within 6 h after symptom onset. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Patients were classified as follows according to ST-segment deviation in lead aVR on an ECG obtained at hospital admission: group A, 103 patients with no ST-segment depression; group B, 80 patients with ST-segment depression of < or = 1.0 mm; and group C, 42 patients with ST-segment depression of > 1.0 mm. There were no differences in time from symptom onset to hospital admission or in the culprit lesion among the three groups. The degree of ST-segment elevation in leads II, III, aVF, V5, or V6, the degree of ST-segment depression in leads V1 to V4, and the sum of ST-segment deviation in these leads were lowest in group A and highest in group C. In groups A, B, and C, the incidence of impaired myocardial reperfusion, defined as myocardial blush grade 0/1, was 2%, 23%, and 67%, respectively (p < 0.001). The sensitivity and negative predictive values of ST-segment depression in lead aVR for impaired myocardial reperfusion were higher than those based on other ECG variables. Multivariate analysis showed that the degree of ST-segment depression in lead aVR was an independent predictor of impaired myocardial reperfusion (odds ratio 8.41; 95% confidence interval, 2.96 to 23.9; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the degree of ST-segment depression in lead aVR is a useful predictor of impaired myocardial reperfusion in patients who have experienced inferior AMIs.     

Implications of inferior ST-segment elevation accompanying anterior wall acute myocardial infarction for the angiographic morphology of the left anterior descending coronary artery morphology and site of occlusion.

Inferior ST-segment elevation during anterior wall acute myocardial infarction (AMI) due to left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery occlusion is unusual and was not previously investigated. This study tested the hypothesis that inferior ST-segment elevation during anterior AMI predicts a specific angiographic morphology that satisfies 2 necessary conditions: (1) mass of ischemic anterior wall myocardium is relatively small, resulting in a weaker anterior injury current and less reciprocal inferior ST-segment depression; and (2) there is concomitant inferior wall transmural ischemia that further shifts the inferior ST segments upward. The study group consisted of 42 consecutive patients with anterior AMI undergoing angiography at 4.1 days (range 0 to 14). Coronary angiograms were examined for 3 features: (1) site of LAD artery occlusion (a distal obstruction implying a smaller mass of ischemic anterior wall myocardium), (2) LAD artery extension onto inferior wall of left ventricle (termed a "wrap around" vessel), and (3) collateral flow from LAD artery to inferior wall. The latter 2 features would be expected to contribute to inferior wall transmural ischemia. Acute inferior ST-segment elevation (sum of ST-segment deviation in leads II, III and aVF greater than or equal to 3.0 mm) was seen in 7 patients (16%). A greater number of LAD artery branches proximal to the site of occlusion was significantly correlated with less inferior ST-segment depression (r = 0.59, p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Relation of ST-segment changes in inferior leads during anterior wall acute myocardial infarction to length and occlusion site of the left anterior descending coronary artery

We investigated the relation between left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery morphology and inferior lead ST-segment changes to elucidate the clinical significance of such changes in 159 patients with anterior wall acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Patients with 1-vessel LAD artery lesions were divided into an ST depression group (n = 40), an ST elevation group (n = 25), and a no-ST-change group (n = 94) based on ST-segment changes in the inferior leads. The relation between each group and the infarct-related lesion and the presence of a wrapped LAD artery was then investigated. The percentage of patients with the infarct-related lesion in the proximal LAD artery was significantly higher in the ST depression group and significantly lower in the ST elevation group. The percentage of patients with a wrapped LAD artery was significantly higher in the ST elevation group and significantly lower in the ST depression group. The wall motion index determined echocardiographically was significantly higher in the ST depression group and the no-ST-change group than in the ST elevation group. Our findings suggest that inferior lead ST-segment changes during anterior wall AMI arise as a result of competition between reciprocal changes caused by high lateral wall AMI due to lesions of the proximal LAD artery, which depress the ST segment, and inferoapical wall AMI due to a wrapped LAD artery, which elevates the ST segment. In patients with no ST-segment changes, echocardiography was useful for distinguishing the amount of affected LAD artery territory.     

aVR导联ST段回落对非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征患者短期预后的评估价值

目的探讨aVR导联ST段抬高回落在非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征（NSTE-ACS）患者短期预后中的评估价值。方法纳入NSTE-ACS aVR导联抬高的患者45例;根据入院6h后aVR导联ST段是否回落分为ST段回落组（n=20）与非ST段回落组（n=25）;分析入选患者一般临床资料、心电图、冠状动脉造影结果,并对不良心脏事件的危险因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果 aVR导联ST段无回落组左主干＋三支血管病变率、30d内再发心肌梗死率、急诊PCI及冠脉旁路移植术比例均高于ST段回落组患者,具有统计学差异（P〈0.05）。Logistic回归分析显示,aVR导联ST段无回落是入院后30d内不良心脏事件（死亡、心肌梗死及行血运重建术）独立预测因子（OR=18.54,95%CI：3.57～96.1,P〈0.001）。结论 aVR导联ST段抬高无回落的NSTE-ACS患者其预后差于ST段抬高回落者,aVR导联ST段无回落是NSTE-ACS不良心血管事件的独立预测因子。     

ST-segment depression in aVR as a predictor of culprit artery and infarct size in acute inferior wall ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Background

ST-segment depression in lead aVR in acute inferior wall ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has recently been suggested as a predictor of left circumflex (LCx) artery involvement. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical significance of aVR depression during inferior wall STEMI.

Methods

This study included 106 consecutive patients who presented with inferior wall STEMI and underwent urgent coronary angiogram. Clinical and angiographic findings were compared between patients with and without aVR depression ≥0.1 mV.

Results

The sensitivity and specificity of aVR depression as a predictor of LCx infarction were 53% and 86%, respectively. In patients with right coronary artery infarction, aVR depression was associated with increased cardiac enzymes and the involvement of a large posterolateral branch, which may explain the larger infarction.

Conclusions

ST-segment depression in lead aVR in inferior wall STEMI predicts LCx infarction or larger RCA infarction involving a large posterolateral branch.     

心电图预测急性下壁心肌梗死罪犯血管的价值

目的 探讨体表心电图不同指标对急性下壁心肌梗死患者罪犯血管的预测价值.方法 对73例急性下壁心肌梗死患者的入院心电图和冠状动脉造影资料进行回顾性分析,寻找可以预测罪犯血管[即梗死相关动脉(IRA)]的心电图改变.结果 73例急性下壁心肌梗死患者中右冠状动脉(RCA)闭塞者59例(81％),左回旋支动脉(LCx)闭塞者1...