Research advances of un-symmetric constitutive theory of anisotropic viscoelastic liquids and its hydrodynamic behavior

Research advances of un-symmetric constitutive equation of anisotropic fluid,influence of un-symmetric stress tensor on material functions,vibrational shear flow of the fluid with small amplitudes and rheology of anisotropic suspension were reported.A new concept of simple anisotropic fluid was introduced.On the basis of anisotropic principle,the simple fluid stress behaviour was described by velocity gradient tensor F and spin tensor W instead of velocity gradient tensor D in the classic Leslie-Ericksen continuum theory.Two relaxation times analyzing rheological nature of the fluid and using tensor analysis a general form of the constitutive equation of co-rotational type was introduced.More general model LCP-H for the fluid was developed.The unsymmetry of the shear stress was predicted by the present continuum theory for anisotropic viscoelastic fluid-LC polymer liquids.The influence of the relaxation times on material functions was specially studied.It is important to study the unsteady vibrational rotating flow with small amplitudes,as it is a best way to obtain knowledge of elasticity of the LC polymer,i.e.dynamic viscoelasticity.For the shear-unsymmetric stresses,two shear stresses were obtained thus two complex viscosities and two complex shear modulus(i.e.first and second one) were introduced by the constitutive equation which was defined by rotating shear rate introduced by author.For the two stability problems of fluid,such as stability of hydrodynamic flow and orientational motion,were discussed.The results show that the polymer suspension systems exhibit anisotropic character.The PNC systems can exhibit significant shear-thinning effects.For more concentrated polymer nano-suspensions,the first normal stress difference change from positive to negative,which is similar to LC polymer behavior.     

当前民办高校融资难的成因及对策

针对民办高校所需办学经费无国家财政拨款,全部为自筹资金的现状,分析了形成当前民办高校融资难的原因,既有信贷政策、银行方面的因素,也有民办高校自身的因素.提出民办高校要生存,要发展,光靠举办者投入或捐赠以及每年的学费收入是不够的,还需要积极拓展更多融资渠道解决办校融资难的问题.     

脉冲振动预磁器的研究和设计

根据细粒磁性物回收工艺中需要使用预磁器的要求,研究预磁器的工作时序、充放电回路的电器元件特性和电路电压、电流特征.设计的电磁预磁器磁场强度高,能耗低,性价比高.对预磁化电路展开理论计算和推导.首次提出脉冲振动预磁器系统结构,将RLC电路振荡波形转变为振动波形,形成"脉振"高场强,延长了线圈的使用寿命.经实际运行检验,该装置性能稳定,效果好,能耗低,每小时耗电仅0.8 kW,在预磁器领域是一项创新的实用技术.     

城市污水热能资源化的基础研究

作为城市污水热能资源化的基础研究,根据理论分析方法,对有效利用城市污水所赋存的热能时,其节能效果和对减轻大气污染的作用进行了若干分析和探讨.分别计算了流量为1 m3/s时城市污水赋存的热量,以及采暖面积为1万m2时所需的城市污水及赋存的热量,与空调、锅炉相比产生相同热量时的一次能和二次能的消减量,以及相应条件下的污染物年间(采暖期)消减量等.     

Vibrational shear flow of anisotropic viscoelastic fluid with small amplitudes

Using the constitutive equation of co-rotational derivative type for anisotropic viscoelastic fluid-liquid crystalline(LC),polymer liquids was developed.Two relaxation times are introduced in the equation:λn represents relaxation of the normal-symmetric stress components;λs represents relaxation of the shear-unsymmetric stress components.A vibrational rotating flow in gap between cylinders with small amplitudes is studied for the anisotropic viscoelastic fluid-liquid crystalline polymer.The time-dependent constitutive equation are linearized with respect to parameter of small amplitude.For the normal-symmetric part of stress tensor analytical expression of the shear stress is obtained by the constitutive equation.The complex viscosity,complex shear modulus,dynamic and imaginary viscosities,storage modulus and loss modulus are obtained for the normal-symmetric stress case which are defined by the common shear rate.For the shear-unsymmetric stress part,two shear stresses are obtained thus two complex viscosities and two complex shear modulus(i.e.first and second one) are given by the constitutive equation which are defined by rotating shear rate introduced by author.The dynamic and imaginary viscosities,storage modulus and loss modulus are given for each complex viscosities and complex shear modulus.Using the constituive equation the rotating flow with small amplitudes in gap between two coaxial cylinders is studied.     

玉米中转基因成分的定性PCR检测

利用改良 CTAB 法提取玉米产品的基因组 DNA,应用 PCR 检测方法,并以玉米特异性内源基因 IVR 为内参,花椰菜花叶病毒 35S 启动子(CaMV35S 启动子)、农杆茵胭脂碱合成酶终止子(NOS终止子)为靶基因检测玉米中是否存在转基因成分.实验结果表明,有些玉米样品中存在转基因成分,表明市场上存在未经标识的转基因玉米及其加工品.     

利用双折射晶体实现双偏振光叠加的教学研究

利用晶体的双折射现象和它的基本性质,采用现代光纤和CCD摄像放大技术手段研究了双偏振光的叠加和干涉现象,讨论了学生在教学中不易理解的难点问题.     

科技期刊版式设计略谈

对科技期刊版式设计中的标题、插图与空白的处置进行了分析探讨,认为科技期刊版式设计在总体上应是追求格式一致与节奏变化的统一,整体性与连贯性的统一.布局合理的版式设计带给期刊的是整体的和谐美,别具风格的版式设计标志着期刊的个性特征.     

单极世界军备竞赛微分方程稳定性的研究

对一国或多国军备竞赛的数学模型进行了研究.单独一国的经济增长服从Horrod-Domer模型,但当多国一起竞争时,弱国将遭受前所未有的严重挑战.通过研究超级大国、另一大国和弱国这三个国家之间军备竞赛稳定性问题,得到了军备竞赛稳定性的条件.     

Effect of sediment on vertical dynamic impedance of rock-socketed pile with large diameter

Based on the fictitious soil pile model, the effect of sediment on the vertical dynamic impedance of rock-socketed pile with large diameter was theoretically studied by means of Laplace transform technique and impedance function transfer method. Firstly, the sediment under rock-socketed pile was assumed to be fictitious soil pile with the same sectional area. The Rayleigh-Love rode model was used to simulate the rock-socketed pile and the fictitious soil pile with the consideration of the lateral inertial effect of large-diameter pile. The layered surrounding soils and bedrock were modeled by the plane strain model. Then, by virtue of the initial conditions and boundary conditions of the soil pile system, the analytical solution of the vertical dynamic impedance at the head of rock-socketed pile was derived for the arbitrary excitation acting on the pile head. Lastly, based on the presented analytical solution, the effect of sediment properties, bedrock property and lateral inertial effect on the vertical dynamic impedance at rock-socketed pile head were investigated in detail. It is shown that the sediment properties have significant effect on the vertical dynamic impedance at the rock-socketed pile head. The ability of soil-pile system to resist dynamic vertical deformation is weakened with the increase of sediment thickness, but amplified with the increase of shear wave velocity of sediment. The ability of soil pile system to resist dynamic vertical deformation is amplified with the bedrock property improving, but the ability of soil-pile system to resist vertical vibration is weakened with the improvement of bedrock property.     

建设监理中委托性与独立、公正关系的思考

浅析了监理单位与业主和承包商的关系和现状，提出了业主的委托性与监理的独立、公正性的关系，并在施工现场管理、工程质量控制、计量与支付3方面作了探索与思考。     

热图像显示的连续伪彩色编码

讨论了连续伪彩色编码的视觉特性,提出了连续伪彩色标尺的优化设计方法:以相关性、自然性约束色调、明度、饱和度的变化范围和方向,在均匀颜色空间先自动计算节点的色品坐标,使标尺的路径最长,再进行等色差插值,获取视觉上均匀的连续伪彩色标尺.用于热图像的伪彩色显示,保留了原始图像的相关性、自然性和目标整体模式的认知特性,增加了图像的视觉动态范围和可视信息量,提高了识别目标的对比灵敏度,避免了标尺设计的盲目性.     

成组技术在控制图建模中应用的探讨

针对多品种，小批量生产过程质量控制建模中存在的数量不足的问题，基于成组技术的相似性原理，提出将加工过程的现行数据与历史数据有机融合，通过标准变换，建立多品种，小批量生产过程统计质量控制的数据样本模型，实现利用控制图地加工过程进行监控的目的，研究表明，该方法简便易行，是解决多品种，小批量生产过程质量控制模中数据量不足的有效途径之一。     

研究所企业内部网的建设及应用

从某研究所作为企业的实际情况出发,指出了研究所企业内部网的具体设计目标和设计原则。从系统网络通信平台的构造和信息管理资源服务器平台的构造两方面阐述了企业内部网硬件平台、软件平台构造方法和采用的技术,即在企业内部网组网方法上采用交换式高速以太网方案来构造局域网。信息管理资源服务器平台采用Ｗｅｂ服务器和Ｗｅｂ方式的信息组织及编程语语言;或多计算机信息管理,计算机辅助设计／制造系统两个方面说明了如何开发     

高邮凹陷断层控油气作用的多样性

在探讨高邮凹陷断层发育时期和分布特点的基础上,结合油气分布特点,分析了断层在油气成藏中的作用类型,并探讨了其作用机理。依据断层在油气生成、运移、聚集和分布环节中的作用,把断层分为控源断层、供烃断层、改向断层、成圈断层和调整破坏断层。控源断层控制有效烃源岩展布和生烃时期的早晚,高邮凹陷控源断层下降盘为有效烃源岩分布区,而且西部地区早于东部地区生烃; 供烃断层控制油气主运移通道的走势,其陡断面和凸断面为高邮凹陷断裂带油气的主运移通道; 改向断层影响油气的富集层位和油气富集区的位置,其对高邮凹陷油气分布的影响存在“分散”和“富集”两种效应; 成圈断层控制圈闭的类型及分布; 调整破坏断层导致圈闭充满程度和原油物性的改变,高邮凹陷调整破坏断层为盐城期和三垛期活动断层。高邮凹陷断层的多期性和多样性导致断层体系中各断层封闭性在时空上的差异性和多变性,从而形成对油气控制的多面性和复杂性。     

第四纪洞庭盆地安乡凹陷及西缘构造-沉积特征与环境演化

通过地表观察和钻孔资料,对洞庭盆地安乡凹陷及其西缘第四纪构造-沉积特征和环境演化进行了研究,为江汉—洞庭盆地第四纪地质研究补充了新的资料。凹陷总体呈南北向,周边为正断裂。凹陷内第四系厚一般为100～220m,最厚达300m,自下而上依次为早更新世华田组、汨罗组,中更新世洞庭湖组,晚更新世坡头组和全新世湖冲积。第四系以砾石层、砂层为主,次为(含)粉砂质黏土、黏土,岩性、岩相横向变化大。安乡凹陷西缘(即太阳山隆起东缘),呈自西向东缓倾的丘岗地貌。区内主要发育中更新世白沙井组,其中南部下部以砂、砾石层为主,上部为黏土;北部以粉砂质黏土沉积为主,下部可发育砂层。根据地貌、沉积及控凹断裂特征,重塑安乡凹陷及其西缘第四纪构造活动与环境演化过程:早更新世—中更新世早期,凹陷西边的北北东向周家店断裂伸展活动,安乡凹陷不均匀沉降,总体具河流和过流性湖泊环境并接受沅水沉积;同期凹陷西缘构造抬升,处于剥蚀的山地环境。中更新世中期断陷活动向西扩展,凹陷区为过流性湖泊环境;凹陷西缘地区转为河流(南部)和湖泊(北部)环境并接受沉积。中更新世晚期安乡凹陷及其西缘整体抬升并遭受剥蚀,凹陷西缘同时具有自西向东的掀斜。晚更新世安乡凹陷拗陷沉降,具河流和湖泊环境;同期凹陷西缘遭受剥蚀。晚更新世末受区域海平面下降影响,安乡凹陷遭受剥蚀。全新世安乡凹陷拗陷沉降,具泛滥平原之河流、湖泊环境。     

Analysis and experimental verification of relationship between external force and deformation of tensegrity structures

The tensegrity structures suffer the axial pressure in struts and the axial tension in cables and springs, so they are widely used in many engineering fields such as architecture, biotechnology, aerospace and robotics. Based on the Lagrangian dynamics and prototype experiment, the spring deformation of the tensegrity structure under the action of external forces is analyzed and measured. First, the dynamic model of the equilibrium state of the tensegrity structure is derived. The spring deformation of the tensegrity structure under the action of external nonconservative forces is analyzed. Then, by means of the prototype experiment on the tensegrity structure with six struts and three cables, the spring deformation is measured. The comparison and analysis between the experimental and numerical results validate the dynamic model of the tensegrity structure and reveal the mathematical relation between external forces and deformation of the tensegrity structure.     

信息技术是促进纺织服装合作与发展的动力

服装业的繁荣与发展是与纺织业的发展息息相关的,我国的传统纺织业未能突破技术革命的问题,严重阻碍了服装业的发展.总体而言,我国纺织服装企业技术含量低、开发能力弱,不能适应市场需求.在进入信息时代、电子计算机时代和高科技时代的21世纪,呼唤产业的信息化、系统化、高科技化,经济与市场的迅速变化,必将剌激纺织服装企业并促使其做出快速的积极反应.而利用信息技术、计算机等高科技手段变革传统纺织产业的管理和生产过程,使纺织行业和服装行业形成良性的合作机制,促进开发名牌服装的合力,提高纺织服装产品的附加值,是我国纺织服装产业发展的主要方向.科技是第一生产力,创新才能生存,这一观念应该成为纺织服装企业的指导方针.     

鼓风机设计与降低风机噪声

本文从鼓风机噪声的产生及频谱分析,提出风机设计中以降低噪声的观点,对蜗舌间隙,舌尖半径,蜗舌位置角及蜗舌倾斜度;对风机进口流场,集风器的当量收缩角,直径及型线,与叶轮前板的匹配;对于叶片的叶型及角度等都作了分析,有的按国内外经验提出了参考数值。并对设计与制造工艺中影响风机机械噪声的声源指出了注意点。     

石油沥青针入度与温度的关联研究

针入度是表征沥青产品软硬程度和中温抗疲劳的技术指标,也是针入度分级体系的分级指标。相关文献都得出针入度的对数与摄氏温度具有非常高的相关性。但是所有文献均未涉及针入度的对数或针入度的双对数与摄氏温度、绝对温度的倒数之间的关联研究。为了探索针入度分级体系、黏度分级体系和Performance Grade分级体系之间的相关性,采用两种原油生产的10个沥青产品研究了15、25、30 ℃的针入度的对数和双对数分别与摄氏温度、绝对温度的倒数之间的线性相关性以及这些线性相关性的斜率和截距之间的线性相关性。通过相关系数的对比发现,国内外检索到的文献中存在将近80年的针入度的对数与摄氏温度之间的线性关系并不是表征针入度与温度之间的最优线性关系,针入度的对数与绝对温度倒数的线性相关性高于针入度的对数与摄氏温度的相关性。针入度的对数与绝对温度的倒数的线性方程中斜率和截距之间也具有很高的线性相关性。研究发现,文中所有沥青的针入度与温度之间的关系均可以用一个方程来表达。